本文選題：地球化學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：活動(dòng)斷裂　出處：《中國地震局地震預(yù)測研究所》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：山西地震帶北段北與張家口—渤海灣地震帶(張渤帶)交匯,該區(qū)構(gòu)造活動(dòng)強(qiáng)烈,發(fā)生強(qiáng)震的危險(xiǎn)性較大。活動(dòng)斷裂帶的土壤氣體地球化學(xué)測量在活動(dòng)斷裂危險(xiǎn)性評價(jià)方面起著重要作用。張渤帶以及山西地震帶已有的土壤氣地球化學(xué)調(diào)查主要集中在張渤帶的中段以及東南段。在研究區(qū)域內(nèi)還缺乏土壤氣體地球化學(xué)調(diào)查。本文的目的是研究山西地震帶北段斷裂帶的土壤氣地球化學(xué)特征及其構(gòu)造意義。其結(jié)果對進(jìn)一步在研究區(qū)域開展地震流體地球化學(xué)連續(xù)監(jiān)測和地震流體前兆異常判定方面有重要的作用。于2014年5月至6月間對山西地震北段的蔚縣廣靈斷裂、六棱山北麓斷裂、陽原盆地北緣斷裂、陽高天鎮(zhèn)斷裂、口泉斷裂、大同火山許堡—閣老莊斷裂以及懷安盆地北緣斷裂進(jìn)行了土壤氣中CO2、Rn、Hg、H2和He濃度,CO2、Rn和Hg通量以及1m深處土壤CO2、Rn通量的測量,共計(jì)12個(gè)土壤氣測量區(qū)域,120個(gè)濃度測點(diǎn),36個(gè)CO2、Rn和Hg通量測點(diǎn)以及12個(gè)1m深處的CO2、Rn通量測點(diǎn)。Rn濃度利用RTM2200型測氡儀測定;采用Agilent 3000型便攜式氣相色譜儀對土壤氣體CO2、He和H2進(jìn)行測量;Hg濃度利用RA-915+型塞曼效應(yīng)(Zeeman effect)測汞儀進(jìn)行測量。分別使用RAD7測氡儀、GXH-3010E型便攜式紅外線CO2分析儀和RA-915+型塞曼效應(yīng)(Zeeman effect)測汞儀對Rn、CO2和Hg通量進(jìn)行測量。測量結(jié)果顯示:研究區(qū)域土壤氣體Rn、CO2濃度空間分布差異大,H2、He、Hg濃度空間分布差異較小。土壤氣中CO2、Rn、Hg、H2、He濃度平均值變化范圍分別為:0.22~0.79%,6.64~10.72 k Bq/m3,8~18ng/m3,1.02~1.98×10-6,4.89~5.76×10-6。土壤氣中CO2、Rn、Hg、H2、He濃度空間分布曲線在斷層面一側(cè)出現(xiàn)單峰或多峰形態(tài)。研究區(qū)域土壤氣中CO2、Rn、Hg近地表通量以及1m深處土壤CO2、Rn通量的空間分布差異大,土壤氣CO2、Rn、Hg近地表通量平均值變化范圍為:1.57~69.33g/m2d,17.33~85.07m Bqm2s以及1.07~31.04 ng/m2h。1m深處土壤CO2、Rn通量的的變化范圍分別是:0.01~59.33g/m2d,6.24~373.87 m Bq/m2s。研究區(qū)土壤氣CO2、Rn的脫氣較為強(qiáng)烈。這幾條斷裂土壤氣CO2以及Hg脫氣量的變化范圍為:24.05~288.68 t/d和0.13~4.44 g/d。各土壤氣測區(qū)土壤氣CO2、Rn通量值與土壤氣CO2、Rn濃度平均值之間存在正相關(guān)關(guān)系。測區(qū)土壤氣CO2、Rn通量值隨深度增加而增加。研究區(qū)域內(nèi)同一斷裂帶土壤氣不同組分的空間變化特征主要與斷裂活動(dòng)有關(guān),不同斷裂帶土壤氣不同組分空間變化特征受斷裂活動(dòng)性、土壤類型、巖石類型等因素共同影響。斷裂帶土壤氣不同組分的空間變化特征能夠較好地反映斷層活動(dòng)性。
[Abstract]:The northern section of the Shanxi seismic belt intersects with the Zhangjiakou-Bohai Bay seismic belt (Zhangbo belt), and there is strong tectonic activity in the area. Geochemical survey of soil gas in active fault zone plays an important role in risk assessment of active fault. Geochemical investigation of soil Gas in Zhangbo Belt and Shanxi Seismic Belt. In this paper, the geochemical characteristics of soil gas and its tectonic significance in the northern fault zone of Shanxi seismic belt are studied. The results play an important role in the continuous geochemical monitoring of seismic fluids and the determination of precursory anomalies of seismic fluids in the study area. From May 2014 to June, the Weixian Guangling fault in the northern segment of the Shanxi earthquake was studied. Lulingshan North Piedmont Fault, Yangyuan Basin North margin Fault, Yanggao Tianzhen Fault, Kou Quan Fault, The fluxes of CO _ 2C _ 2R _ 2H _ 2H _ 2H _ 2H _ 2H _ 2 and he concentration of CO _ 2O _ 2N _ n and Hg in the soil and the fluxes of soil CO _ 2C _ 2R _ n in 1m depth were measured in the Xubo-Goraozhuang fault of Datong Volcano and the fault in the northern margin of Huai'an Basin. A total of 12 soil gas measuring areas, 120 concentration measuring points, 36 CO _ 2C _ 2R _ n and Hg flux measuring points and 12 ~ 1m depth CO _ 2N ~ (2 +) R _ n flux measuring sites. Rn concentrations were measured by RTM2200 radon meter. Agilent 3000 portable gas chromatograph was used to measure the concentration of CO _ 2H _ 2He and H _ 2 in soil using RA-915 Zeeman effectmeter. RAD7 radon detector GXH-3010E portable infrared CO2 analyzer and RA-915 plug were used respectively. The experimental results show that the spatial distribution difference of soil gas Rnn CO 2 concentration is small. The variation range of mean value of CO 2H 2 Hnn CO 2 he concentration in soil gas is very small in the study region, and the variation range of carbon dioxide concentration in soil gas is lower than that in the field of Hnn ~ (2) H _ (2) H _ (2) H _ (2) H _ (2) H _ (2) H _ (2) he concentration in soil gas. The spatial distribution curves of CO _ 2 ~ (2 +) Rn ~ (2) H _ (2) H _ (2) H ~ (2 +) H _ (2) H _ (2) O ~ (2 +) H _ (2) H _ (2) H _ (2) H _ (2) H _ (2) H _ (2) he concentration curve of soil gas in the study area showed a single peak or multiple peaks on one side of the fault plane. The spatial distribution of soil CO _ 2N ~ (2 +) fluxes near the surface and in the depth of 1m in the soil atmosphere showed great difference in the spatial distribution of the surface fluxes of CO _ (2) N ~ (3) and the soil CO _ 2Rn fluxes in the depth of 1m m ~ m. The mean variation range of soil CO _ 2N ~ (2 +) flux near the surface is: 1.57 ~ 69.33 g / m ~ (-2) d ~ (-1) 17.33 ~ 85.07 m Bqm2s and 1.077 ~ 31.04 ng/m2h.1m, respectively. The variation range of soil CO _ 2N flux is: 0.01 ~ 59.33 g / m ~ (2) d ~ (-1) 6.24373.373.87 m ~ (2) Q / m ~ (2) s. The degassing of soil gas CO _ 2C _ (2) rn in the study area is very strong. The variation range of gas volume is: 24.05 / 288.68 t / d and 0.13 ~ 4.44 g / d. There is a positive correlation between soil CO _ 2C _ 2C _ 2N _ n flux and the average value of soil gas CO _ 2C _ 2R _ n concentration in each soil gas measuring area. The soil gas CO _ 2N _ n flux increases with the increase of depth. The spatial variation characteristics of different components of soil gas in a fault zone are mainly related to fault activity. The spatial variation characteristics of different components of soil gas in different fault zones are affected by factors such as fault activity, soil type and rock type, etc. The spatial variation characteristics of different components of soil gas in fault zone can well reflect fault activity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局地震預(yù)測研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P315.7

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