【摘要】：目前，我國(guó)正在推進(jìn)智能電網(wǎng)的規(guī)劃實(shí)施。隨著智能電網(wǎng)的不斷建設(shè)，為保證線路實(shí)時(shí)的監(jiān)測(cè)、控制，智能設(shè)備的應(yīng)用也越來越多。目前的智能設(shè)備多以電池供電的方式解決能量供應(yīng)問題，而電池的壽命有限、功率不高且更換不便，因此本文為了解決電池供電的局限性，提出從現(xiàn)場(chǎng)獲取能量供設(shè)備用電的方案。該裝置考慮線路電流的波動(dòng)性，分三種模式運(yùn)行，針對(duì)不同的電流采取不同的取能方式。當(dāng)線路電流在20-800A時(shí)采用電流互感器（CT）取能的方式獲取能量；當(dāng)電流過大主線圈感應(yīng)的電壓較大時(shí)投入補(bǔ)償線圈，抵消一部分的能量；當(dāng)線路電流較小時(shí)，采用耦合諧振的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)能量的無(wú)線發(fā)射，保證此時(shí)的正常供能。 CT取能部分最重要的是鐵芯的設(shè)計(jì)，首先根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)的功率要求，通過一系列的理論分析、推導(dǎo)計(jì)算鐵芯的截面積，磁隙大小，內(nèi)、外徑大小，磁路長(zhǎng)度，等效導(dǎo)磁率等參數(shù)。同時(shí)選取鐵芯的材料，對(duì)鐵芯的形狀進(jìn)行討論。然后搭建不同的電路模塊，包括前端沖擊保護(hù)模塊、整流濾波電路、電壓轉(zhuǎn)換電路。最后，利用Saber軟件進(jìn)行仿真，在一次側(cè)電流為20-800A時(shí)，主線圈能夠獲得穩(wěn)定的電壓，次級(jí)電壓在正常范圍內(nèi)。最終，仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了鐵芯材料、形狀及設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)的正確性和方案的可行性。另外，考慮到雷擊或短路時(shí)電流值會(huì)很大，為保證裝置的正常工作及安全性，，采用穩(wěn)壓二極管確定補(bǔ)償線圈的投入點(diǎn)，當(dāng)主線圈感應(yīng)出的電壓大于17.2V時(shí)穩(wěn)壓二極管反向擊穿且電壓保持不變，這樣將補(bǔ)償線圈投入其中，其產(chǎn)生的磁通抵消一部分的主磁通，防止過大電壓的出現(xiàn)。 無(wú)線取能電路的設(shè)計(jì)是考慮線路電流過小時(shí)CT取能不能實(shí)現(xiàn)能量供應(yīng)而設(shè)計(jì)的。該部分通過電壓檢測(cè)模塊檢測(cè)主線圈獲得的電壓，當(dāng)該電壓小于3.3V時(shí)投入無(wú)線方式供能。該部分經(jīng)過PWM控制芯片和驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片實(shí)現(xiàn)半橋逆變，產(chǎn)生高頻的耦合諧振，實(shí)現(xiàn)能量的無(wú)線發(fā)射。接收線圈部分設(shè)計(jì)整流濾波及電源轉(zhuǎn)換電路，最終獲得能給負(fù)載供電的電壓。 本設(shè)計(jì)充分考慮了線路中電流的波動(dòng)性，創(chuàng)造性的分三種模式在不同的電流范圍時(shí)以不同的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)能量的供應(yīng)，裝置的切換簡(jiǎn)單易行，整體電路清晰明了。最終設(shè)計(jì)的電源很好的保證了線路電流波動(dòng)較大時(shí)的穩(wěn)定可靠供能。
[Abstract]:At present, China is promoting the planning and implementation of smart grid. With the continuous construction of smart grid, in order to ensure real-time monitoring and control of lines, there are more and more applications of intelligent devices. At present, most of the intelligent devices solve the problem of energy supply by battery power supply, but the battery life is limited, the power is not high and the replacement is inconvenient, so in order to solve the limitation of battery power supply, The scheme of obtaining energy from the field to supply electricity to the equipment is put forward. Considering the fluctuation of line current, the device is divided into three modes, and different energy intake modes are adopted for different current. When the line current is 20 脳 800A, the current transformer (CT) is used to obtain the energy, and when the current is too large, the voltage induced by the main line coil is large, and the compensation coil is put into use to offset part of the energy. When the current of the line is small, the coupling resonance is used to realize the wireless transmission of energy to ensure the normal energy supply at this time. The most important part of CT is the design of iron core. firstly, according to the power requirements of the design, through a series of theoretical analysis, the cross section area, magnetic gap size, internal and external diameter, magnetic circuit length, equivalent magnetic conductivity and other parameters of the core are deduced and calculated. At the same time, the shape of the core is discussed by selecting the material of the core. Then different circuit modules are built, including front-end impact protection module, rectifier filter circuit and voltage conversion circuit. Finally, the simulation is carried out by Saber software. When the primary side current is 20 鈮

本文編號(hào)：2481310