【摘要】：隨著風電場建設(shè)日趨大型化、規(guī)模化,以及風電在電力結(jié)構(gòu)中的比例不斷提高,風力發(fā)電問題已經(jīng)不再是單獨的發(fā)電技術(shù)問題。風力發(fā)電與電力系統(tǒng)之間的聯(lián)系越來越緊密,相互之間的作用也越來越復雜。為了準確分析接入電力系統(tǒng)后,風電場所表現(xiàn)出來的動態(tài)特性以及給系統(tǒng)帶來的影響,需要對風電場模型進行深入研究。基于風電場本身具有的多時空尺度特性,本文分別對變速風電機組的時間尺度和風電場的空間尺度進行研究,并建立了多尺度風電場動態(tài)聚合模型。 本文首先針對變速風電機組,提出了多時間尺度建模方法,即按照其快慢動態(tài)行為將風電機組建模劃分為分鐘級時間尺度和秒級時間尺度。通過分析變速風電機組各環(huán)節(jié)數(shù)學模型及其運行控制特性,對變速風電機組模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)下的每個模塊在不同時間尺度下的控制策略進行研究,并在DIgSILENT/Power Factory仿真平臺上搭建實現(xiàn)。仿真結(jié)果表明了本文所建立的多時間尺度變速機組模型的準確性及全面性,為風電場建模提供了單機模型基礎(chǔ)。 其次,建立了考慮尾流效應(yīng)的風速分布模型作為風電場的風能輸入模塊,并基于MATLAB編程實現(xiàn)形成不同時刻的風速分布矩陣,為風電場詳細模型的風速輸入模塊提供參數(shù)矩陣,并為機組空間尺度劃分提供數(shù)據(jù)樣本。 最后,建立了變空間尺度的風電場動態(tài)聚合模型。通過分析風電機組的運行特性,提出了由風速、機組有功出力、無功功率參考值、機組類型以及出口電壓組成的風電場的空間尺度劃分指標體系�；谠撝笜梭w系采用改進的κ-均值聚類算法對同一空間關(guān)系中的機組群進行聚類,并按照功率守恒定律對機組參數(shù)進行等值計算。綜合上述計算結(jié)果,在DIgSILENT上建立了變空間尺度的風電場動態(tài)聚合模型并進行仿真分析,結(jié)果表明本文建立的多尺度動態(tài)聚合風電場模型能夠很好地反映風電場的出口特性,具有更接近于實際風電場的動態(tài)響應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:With the construction of wind farm becoming larger and the proportion of wind power in power structure increasing the problem of wind power generation is no longer a separate technical problem of power generation. The relationship between wind power generation and power system is more and more close, and the interaction between wind power generation and power system is becoming more and more complex. In order to accurately analyze the dynamic characteristics of wind farm and its influence on the power system, it is necessary to study the wind farm model deeply. Based on the multi-scale characteristics of wind farm, the time scale of wind turbine and the spatial scale of wind farm are studied in this paper, and the dynamic aggregation model of multi-scale wind farm is established. In this paper, a multi-time scale modeling method for variable-speed wind turbine is proposed. According to its fast and slow dynamic behavior, wind turbine modeling is divided into minute time scale and second time scale. By analyzing the mathematical model of each link of the variable speed wind turbine and its operation control characteristics, the control strategy of each module under the modular structure of the variable speed wind turbine under different time scales is studied. And build the implementation on the DIgSILENT/Power Factory simulation platform. The simulation results show the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the multi-time scale transmission unit model established in this paper, which provides a single model foundation for wind farm modeling. Secondly, the wind velocity distribution model considering wake effect is established as wind power input module of wind farm, and the wind speed distribution matrix at different times is realized based on MATLAB programming, which provides parameter matrix for wind speed input module of wind farm detailed model. Data samples are provided for the space scale partition of the unit. Finally, the dynamic aggregation model of wind farm with variable spatial scale is established. Based on the analysis of the operating characteristics of wind turbines, a spatial scale classification index system of wind farms composed of wind speed, unit active power, reactive power reference value, unit type and outlet voltage is proposed. Based on this index system, the improved 魏 -means clustering algorithm is used to cluster the units in the same spatial relationship, and the unit parameters are calculated according to the conservation law of power. Based on the above calculation results, the dynamic aggregation model of wind farm with variable spatial scale is established on DIgSILENT and simulated. The results show that the multi-scale dynamic aggregate wind farm model can well reflect the export characteristics of wind farm. The dynamic response of the wind farm is closer to that of the actual wind farm.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM614

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