發(fā)布時間：2019-01-09 08:47

【摘要】：隨著電動車、飛機等對電能需求日益增加,其內部配電系統(tǒng)的供電制轉向更高電壓以節(jié)約線徑并減輕導線重量。高壓供電制對在其中起到保護和切換等功能的密封接觸器提出了如高電壓大功率切斷、長壽命等更高的要求。因此,本文對一種額定電壓與電流為270V200A的高壓直流大功率電磁式密封直流接觸器進行了設計和研究,并對其耐環(huán)境指標、壽命指標進行了驗證。首先,基于永磁吹弧橋式觸頭結構滅弧規(guī)律設計了接觸系統(tǒng),利用模擬實驗裝置進行不同觸頭結構、觸頭材料、磁場強度、氣壓下的電弧實驗,從而初步確定了觸頭分斷速度、觸頭開距、觸頭壓力、觸頭超程、滅弧磁場。并根據分斷速率、開距及觸點壓力等要求設計了反力系統(tǒng)。然后,基于靜磁場下矢量磁位模型采用Maxswell軟件建立了電磁系統(tǒng)仿真模型,計算其靜態(tài)電磁吸力特性,并通過實驗測試數據證明了所建模型和仿真結查的正確性。然后采用基于靜態(tài)數據的多軟件聯(lián)合仿真的辦法,建立了接觸器的機電耦合模型,通過計算確定接觸器吸合和釋放過程的動態(tài)特性參數,如動態(tài)位移曲線、動態(tài)速率曲線、動態(tài)吸反力配合等關鍵分合特性。最后,根據設計的結構與尺寸參數制作接觸器樣機,對設計的接觸器進行了尺寸參數、機械參數、電特性參數、環(huán)境參數、壽命參數等各個環(huán)節(jié)進行了實驗測試。并對失效產品進行了失效模式與機理分析,給出了永磁體種類與磁場強度對壽命的影響機理、研究了觸頭分離初速度、觸頭行程、彈簧壓力等機械參數對壽命的影響規(guī)律。耐力學實驗與電壽命實驗結果表明該接觸器樣機已經達到了泰科公司的LEV200型指標水平。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for electric vehicles, aircraft and so on, the power supply system of its internal distribution system turns to higher voltage in order to save wire diameter and reduce wire weight. High voltage power supply system has put forward higher requirements such as high voltage, high power cut, long life and so on. Therefore, a high-voltage DC high-power electromagnetic sealed DC contactor with rated voltage and current of 270V200A has been designed and studied, and its environmental resistance index and life index have been verified. First of all, based on the arc extinguishing law of permanent magnet arc blowing bridge contact structure, the contact system is designed. The contact structure, contact material, magnetic field intensity and air pressure arc test are carried out by using the simulation experimental device, and the breaking speed of the contact is preliminarily determined. Contact distance, contact pressure, contact over range, arc-extinguishing magnetic field. The reaction system is designed according to breaking rate, opening distance and contact pressure. Then, based on the vector magnetic potential model under the static magnetic field, the electromagnetic system simulation model is established by using Maxswell software, and the static electromagnetic suction characteristic is calculated. The correctness of the model and the simulation result is proved by the experimental test data. Then, the electromechanical coupling model of contactor is established by using the method of multi-software joint simulation based on static data. The dynamic characteristic parameters such as dynamic displacement curve and dynamic rate curve are determined by calculating and determining the dynamic characteristic parameters of the contactor in the process of suction and release, such as the dynamic displacement curve and the dynamic rate curve. Key compartmentalization characteristics such as dynamic suction and reaction coordination. Finally, the contactor prototype is made according to the designed structure and dimension parameters, and the parameters of dimension, mechanical parameters, electrical characteristics, environment parameters, life parameters and other aspects of the contactor are tested. The failure mode and mechanism of failure products are analyzed, the influence mechanism of permanent magnet type and magnetic field intensity on life is given, and the influence of mechanical parameters such as contact separation initial velocity, contact stroke and spring pressure on life is studied. The results of endurance experiment and electrical life test show that the prototype of the contactor has reached the level of Tyco LEV200.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM572

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