發(fā)布時間：2018-10-23 18:11

【摘要】：無刷直流電機由于它的高可靠度、高效率、輸出扭矩大、寬調速和穩(wěn)態(tài)轉速誤差小等優(yōu)點，在汽車、通訊設備、辦公用品、工業(yè)控制以及航空航天等行業(yè)都有廣泛的應用，帶動了無刷直流電機產業(yè)迅速發(fā)展。在電機的生產過程中，電機性能測試是確保電機質量的有效手段。無刷直流電機快速、準確的特性測試技術成為人們關注的熱點。本文以現(xiàn)代信號分析技術為基礎，根據(jù)電機換相理論提出了電機機械特性快速測試方法，論文通過理論仿真和實驗，驗證了測試方法的可行性。論文還探討了快速測試方法的實際應用技術。 本文首先對無刷直流電機的結構及工作原理進行詳細分析，建立了數(shù)學模型。本文利用Matlab/simulink建立了電機啟動過程模型，對其進行了仿真分析，得到了電機的換相過程中重要參數(shù)的變化特征，其主要內容包括：分析了電機啟動過程中電流的變化特點、電流與電機換相頻率之間的關系、轉矩波動、轉子位置傳感器在電機換向中的作用等，據(jù)此，本文提出了一種基于電機固有位置傳感器的MSSA機械特性快速測試方法，并將其與基于MCSA的電機機械特性快速測試方法進行了比較分析。 其次，本文對機械特性快速測試方法中的信號處理方法進行了理論研究。針對無刷直流電機空載啟動各信號的非平穩(wěn)性，論文重點研究了小波分析算法、小波脊線與HHT變換算法，以對電機電流信號及轉子位置信號消噪及瞬時特征量的提取。 最后，本文對無刷直流電機機械特性快速測試理論及方法設計了試驗驗證系統(tǒng)，，完成了相關的實驗驗證。本文搭建了實驗所需的試驗臺架，制作了電機信號采集電路。通過Labview編寫的人機交互界面，實現(xiàn)了信號的采集、分析與顯示。實驗時，本文將轉速-轉矩傳感器對電機的機械特性測試結果作為基準值，對所提出的快速測試方法及理論進行了驗證，分析了測試誤差。 作為測試理論及方法實際應用的探索，本文還從電機轉動慣量在線測試、基于Labview的測試系統(tǒng)設計、測試性能評價等幾方面進行了研究，給出了滿足生產實際要求的測試系統(tǒng)設計方法。
[Abstract]:Brushless DC motor has been widely used in automobile, communication equipment, office supplies, industrial control, aerospace and other industries because of its high reliability, high efficiency, large output torque, wide speed regulation and small error of steady speed. Drive brushless DC motor industry to develop rapidly. In the process of motor production, motor performance testing is an effective means to ensure the quality of motor. Brushless DC motor fast and accurate characteristic testing technology has become the focus of attention. Based on the modern signal analysis technology and the theory of motor commutation, a fast testing method for mechanical characteristics of motor is proposed in this paper. The feasibility of the test method is verified by theoretical simulation and experiment. The paper also discusses the practical application technology of the fast test method. In this paper, the structure and working principle of brushless DC motor are analyzed in detail, and the mathematical model is established. In this paper, the starting process model of motor is established by using Matlab/simulink, and the characteristics of the important parameters in the process of commutation are obtained. The main contents are as follows: the characteristics of current change in the starting process of motor are analyzed. Based on the relationship between current and commutation frequency, torque ripple, the role of rotor position sensor in motor commutation, a fast testing method for mechanical characteristics of MSSA based on motor inherent position sensor is presented in this paper. It is compared with the fast testing method of motor mechanical characteristics based on MCSA. Secondly, the signal processing method in the fast testing method of mechanical characteristics is studied theoretically. Aiming at the non-stationarity of brushless DC motor's no-load starting signals, wavelet analysis algorithm, wavelet ridge and HHT transform algorithm are studied in this paper to remove noise and extract instantaneous characteristic of motor current signal and rotor position signal. Finally, the theory and method of rapid testing of brushless DC motor mechanical characteristics are designed and the experimental verification system is completed. In this paper, the experimental platform is built, and the signal acquisition circuit of the motor is made. The signal acquisition, analysis and display are realized through the man-machine interface written by Labview. In the experiment, the test results of the mechanical characteristics of the motor by the rotational speed and torque sensor are taken as the reference value, the proposed fast testing method and the theory are verified, and the testing error is analyzed. As an exploration of practical application of testing theory and method, this paper also studies the on-line testing of motor inertia, the design of test system based on Labview, and the evaluation of test performance. The design method of test system to meet the requirement of production is given.
【學位授予單位】：中國計量學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM33

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