發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-16 11:19

【摘要】：近年來，大電網(wǎng)通過其優(yōu)勢得到快速的發(fā)展，但是集中式供電的特點(diǎn)導(dǎo)致其弊端日益明顯，難以滿足用戶對安全性和可靠性的要求。高效環(huán)保的分布式發(fā)電技術(shù)獲得了迅速的發(fā)展。小容量分布式電源構(gòu)成的微電網(wǎng)的研究成為一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)。微電網(wǎng)既可與大電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行,也可在大電網(wǎng)故障時(shí)與主網(wǎng)斷開單獨(dú)運(yùn)行。微電網(wǎng)作為一個(gè)復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)，其脆弱性問題是不容忽視的。 本文介紹了脆弱性評(píng)估和故障后重構(gòu)在微電網(wǎng)中研究的現(xiàn)狀和主要面臨的問題，并對微電網(wǎng)的脆弱性和重構(gòu)展開研究。采用層次分析法建立了五項(xiàng)脆弱性指標(biāo)，從線路過負(fù)荷性和電壓失穩(wěn)性等不同角度對微電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行全面評(píng)估。在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了系統(tǒng)綜合脆弱度這一綜合評(píng)價(jià)微電網(wǎng)脆弱性的指標(biāo)。應(yīng)用蟻群算法作為微電網(wǎng)重構(gòu)的尋優(yōu)算法，它具有全局搜索的能力，并且不依賴初始參數(shù)的設(shè)置。針對傳統(tǒng)算法會(huì)盲目挑選規(guī)則選擇初始解的弊端，改進(jìn)了蟻群算法信息素的更新規(guī)則，，大幅度提高了搜索效率。并且提出以系統(tǒng)綜合脆弱度和網(wǎng)絡(luò)損耗最小作為微電網(wǎng)重構(gòu)的目標(biāo)函數(shù)，將多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問題轉(zhuǎn)化為單目標(biāo)優(yōu)化，提高了算法效率，并得到微電網(wǎng)重構(gòu)及運(yùn)行方案。為微電網(wǎng)安全運(yùn)行維護(hù)和改造提供參考。實(shí)驗(yàn)證明可以準(zhǔn)確得到微電網(wǎng)故障后微電網(wǎng)重構(gòu)的最佳方案。 以微電網(wǎng)CERTS和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的33節(jié)點(diǎn)模型為例，對微電網(wǎng)的脆弱性綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)和故障后重構(gòu)問題用MATLAB/SIMULINK進(jìn)行模擬仿真，驗(yàn)證本文所采用評(píng)估方法的可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the large power grid has been developing rapidly through its advantages, but the characteristics of centralized power supply lead to its increasingly obvious drawbacks, it is difficult to meet the security and reliability requirements of users. Distributed power generation technology with high efficiency and environmental protection has been developed rapidly. The research of microgrid with small capacity distributed generation has become a hot spot. Microgrid can be connected with large power grid or disconnected from the main network in the event of fault. As a complex system, the vulnerability of microgrid can not be ignored. In this paper, the current situation and main problems of vulnerability assessment and post-fault reconfiguration in microgrid are introduced, and the vulnerability and reconfiguration of micro-grid are studied. Five vulnerability indexes are established by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate the microgrid from different angles such as line overload and voltage instability. On the basis of this, the index of system comprehensive vulnerability is proposed to evaluate the vulnerability of microgrid. Ant colony algorithm (ACA) is used as an optimization algorithm for microgrid reconfiguration. It has the ability of global searching and does not depend on the setting of initial parameters. Aiming at the disadvantage that the traditional algorithm can blindly select the initial solution, the updating rule of pheromone in ant colony algorithm is improved, and the searching efficiency is greatly improved. It is proposed that the system comprehensive vulnerability and the minimum network loss are taken as the objective function of micro-grid reconfiguration. The multi-objective optimization problem is transformed into single-objective optimization, which improves the efficiency of the algorithm, and obtains the microgrid reconfiguration and operation scheme. It provides a reference for the safe operation, maintenance and reconstruction of microgrid. Experimental results show that the optimal scheme of microgrid reconfiguration can be obtained accurately. Taking CERTS and the standard 33-bus model as examples, the vulnerability comprehensive evaluation index and post-fault reconfiguration of microgrid are simulated with MATLAB/SIMULINK to verify the feasibility of the evaluation method adopted in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM732

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本文編號(hào)：2274193