【摘要】：近年來,在我國頻繁出現(xiàn)各種極端惡劣天氣和自然災(zāi)害,給工、農(nóng)業(yè)和人們生活生產(chǎn)造成了嚴(yán)重的影響。惡劣天氣使輸電線路發(fā)生故障的概率明顯增加,這會(huì)給輸電網(wǎng)的安全運(yùn)行帶來嚴(yán)重的威脅,一旦大面積的停電事故發(fā)生,必將嚴(yán)重影響國民經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和社會(huì)秩序。為減少自然環(huán)境對電網(wǎng)安全運(yùn)行的影響,電網(wǎng)企業(yè)普遍采取預(yù)防性措施,從規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)階段提高電網(wǎng)建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。然而我國電源及負(fù)荷呈現(xiàn)逆向分布的態(tài)勢,擔(dān)負(fù)資源優(yōu)化配置任務(wù)的輸電網(wǎng)空間跨度大、跨越區(qū)域地理?xiàng)l件復(fù)雜、氣象差異性明顯。若無差別地全面提高電網(wǎng)防護(hù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),難以保證經(jīng)濟(jì)、高效、合理地提高電網(wǎng)容災(zāi)抗災(zāi)能力。與此同時(shí),面對不斷涌現(xiàn)的氣象災(zāi)害,傳統(tǒng)輸電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃方法的不足之處也慢慢展現(xiàn)出來:不同區(qū)域的輸電網(wǎng)幾乎采用一樣的設(shè)防標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在計(jì)算輸電網(wǎng)脆弱性指標(biāo)時(shí),沒有建立起氣象災(zāi)害和輸電線路故障率之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系,無法確保核心輸電線路在氣象災(zāi)害發(fā)生時(shí)的穩(wěn)定性,違背了輸電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃的經(jīng)濟(jì)性和可靠性原則。因此,結(jié)合我國電網(wǎng)特點(diǎn)和發(fā)展情況,建設(shè)新型抗災(zāi)型輸電網(wǎng),具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。為此,本文提出了面向抗災(zāi)能力提升的輸電網(wǎng)多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化規(guī)劃方法。在輸電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃中引入差異化的決策變量,以優(yōu)化各個(gè)線路的抗災(zāi)等級(jí),建立計(jì)及氣象災(zāi)害因素的多目標(biāo)電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃模型。首先,建立基于IEEE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的輸電線路三狀態(tài)氣象模型,目的是構(gòu)建氣象狀態(tài)與輸電線路故障率之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系;隨后,以輸電網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)性和脆弱性指標(biāo)為目標(biāo),構(gòu)建抗災(zāi)型輸電網(wǎng)多目標(biāo)規(guī)劃模型,并利用多目標(biāo)遺傳算法和蒙特卡羅仿真法進(jìn)行求解。該方法不僅精確各輸電線路的抗災(zāi)防護(hù)等級(jí),有效提高氣象災(zāi)害發(fā)生時(shí)輸電網(wǎng)的抗災(zāi)能力,還可最大限度的減少線路建設(shè)成本,提高規(guī)劃方案的經(jīng)濟(jì)性,對氣象災(zāi)害頻發(fā)環(huán)境下的輸電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, severe weather and natural disasters have frequently occurred in our country, which has caused serious impact on workers, agriculture and people's daily life. The probability of transmission line failure is obviously increased by bad weather, which will bring serious threat to the safe operation of transmission network. Once a large area of power failure occurs, it will seriously affect the national economic construction and social order. In order to reduce the impact of natural environment on the safe operation of power grid, the power grid enterprises generally take preventive measures to improve the standard of power grid construction from the stage of planning and design. However, the distribution of power and load in China is reverse. The transmission network with the task of resource optimization has a large span of space, complex geographical conditions across regions, and obvious meteorological differences. It is difficult to ensure economy, high efficiency and reasonable ability to resist disasters if the standard of power grid protection is improved completely and without distinction. At the same time, in the face of the weather disasters, the shortcomings of the traditional transmission network planning methods are gradually revealed: transmission networks in different regions adopt almost the same security standards, and when calculating the vulnerability index of transmission networks, It is impossible to ensure the stability of core transmission lines when meteorological disasters occur without establishing the mathematical relationship between meteorological disasters and fault rate of transmission lines, which violates the economic and reliability principles of transmission network planning. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to build a new type of disaster-resistant transmission network according to the characteristics and development of our country's power grid. Therefore, this paper presents a multi-objective optimization planning method for transmission network. In order to optimize the disaster resistance grade of each transmission line, a multi-objective power network planning model considering meteorological disaster factors is established by introducing differential decision variables into transmission network planning. Firstly, a three-state meteorological model of transmission line based on IEEE standard is established to construct the mathematical relationship between meteorological state and fault rate of transmission line, and then, the economic and vulnerability index of transmission network is taken as the target. The multi-objective programming model of disaster-resistant transmission network is constructed and solved by using multi-objective genetic algorithm and Monte Carlo simulation method. This method can not only accurately protect each transmission line against disasters, but also effectively improve the disaster resistance of transmission network in the event of meteorological disaster, reduce the construction cost of transmission line to the maximum extent, and improve the economy of the planning scheme. It has important guiding significance for transmission network planning under the environment of frequent meteorological disasters.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM715

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