【摘要】：道閘是專門用于在道路上限制機(jī)動(dòng)車行駛的通道出入口管理設(shè)備。隨著國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)水平和人民生活質(zhì)量的提高，，城市的汽車數(shù)量也呈指數(shù)的增加，而使得道閘更加廣泛地應(yīng)用于公路收費(fèi)站、停車場(chǎng)、小區(qū)、企事業(yè)單位門口等場(chǎng)所，來管理車輛的出入。作為常用的2種道閘系統(tǒng)的拖動(dòng)設(shè)備，直流電動(dòng)機(jī)和交流異步電動(dòng)機(jī)其自身存在的一些缺點(diǎn)在一定程度上制約了它們?cè)诘篱l系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用，因而提出了集直流電動(dòng)機(jī)和交流電動(dòng)機(jī)兩者的優(yōu)點(diǎn)于一身的且性能更加穩(wěn)定、可靠性更高的無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)作為道閘系統(tǒng)的拖動(dòng)設(shè)備。 本文以無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)作為主要研究對(duì)象，基于其基本組成和工作原理，開發(fā)了以MC33035、MC33039、MPM3003及其外圍電路所構(gòu)成的無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器，通過對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)器實(shí)驗(yàn)板的調(diào)試，得出了無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)較合適的調(diào)速方式，且該驅(qū)動(dòng)器實(shí)驗(yàn)板能很好的實(shí)現(xiàn)無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的啟動(dòng)、換相、正反轉(zhuǎn)、制動(dòng)、加減速的控制、轉(zhuǎn)速閉環(huán)控制。 結(jié)合無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器，開發(fā)了以STC51單片機(jī)作為控制核心的道閘控制器系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了道閘運(yùn)行的自動(dòng)化控制，其中構(gòu)建了基于單片機(jī)的無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量與LCD顯示電路、輸出連續(xù)可調(diào)的直流穩(wěn)壓電源電路、故障定位電路、脈沖6倍頻電路、電動(dòng)機(jī)相電流檢測(cè)電路、道閘遇阻處理電路、上位機(jī)與單片機(jī)的485通訊電路、0.8s、1s、2s、4s的4個(gè)檔位按鍵，并完成了相關(guān)控制程序的設(shè)計(jì)。 通過對(duì)上述硬件電路及其相關(guān)程序的調(diào)試，實(shí)現(xiàn)了無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的測(cè)量，并將結(jié)果顯示于LCD上；完成了基于VC++的上位機(jī)控制界面設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了上位機(jī)與單片機(jī)的485通訊；能準(zhǔn)確的進(jìn)行故障定位，并輸出故障代碼；人為的模擬了道閘遇阻，實(shí)現(xiàn)了遇阻無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)立即正轉(zhuǎn)一定角度；模擬地感線圈的信號(hào)，控制道閘的起、落桿；實(shí)現(xiàn)了無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)在空載情況下0.8s、1s、2s、4s運(yùn)行檔位的切換和道閘轉(zhuǎn)角的控制。 將無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器、道閘控制器、無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)、道閘機(jī)械部分的聯(lián)機(jī)調(diào)試，完成了道閘4個(gè)檔位的起桿控制與落桿控制，根據(jù)所加工電動(dòng)機(jī)在遇阻時(shí)電流不突變的特點(diǎn)而改用脈沖計(jì)數(shù)的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)了道閘遇阻的處理，最后完成了PCB板的設(shè)計(jì)與制作。
[Abstract]:Gate is specially used to restrict the movement of motor vehicles on the road access management equipment. With the improvement of the national economic level and the quality of life of the people, the number of cars in cities is also increasing exponentially. Thus, road gates are more widely used in places such as highway toll stations, parking lots, residential areas, enterprises and institutions, etc. To manage vehicle access. As two kinds of common drive equipment of gate system, DC motor and AC asynchronous motor have some disadvantages which restrict their application in gate system to a certain extent. Therefore, a brushless DC motor, which combines the advantages of DC motor and AC motor, with more stable performance and higher reliability, is proposed as the driving equipment of the gate system. This paper takes brushless DC motor as the main research object, based on its basic composition and working principle, develops the brushless DC motor driver which is made up of MC33035, MC33039 MPM3003 and its peripheral circuit. It is concluded that the brushless DC motor is more suitable for speed regulation, and the driver experimental board can well realize the brushless DC motor starting, commutation, positive and inverse rotation, braking, acceleration and deceleration control, speed closed loop control. Combined with brushless DC motor driver, a gate controller system with STC51 single chip microcomputer as the control core is developed to realize the automatic control of the running of the channel gate. Among them, the speed measurement and LCD display circuit of brushless DC motor based on single chip microcomputer, the output of continuously adjustable DC power supply circuit, fault location circuit, pulse 6 times frequency circuit, motor phase current detection circuit are constructed. The circuit of channel gate distress processing, the 485 communication circuit between host computer and single chip computer, and the 4 gear keys of 0.8sm 1sSU 2s 4s, and the design of the related control program are completed. The measurement of brushless DC motor speed is realized by debugging the hardware circuit and related program, and the result is displayed on LCD. The control interface of the host computer based on VC is designed and the 485 communication between the upper computer and the single chip microcomputer is realized; the fault location can be accurately carried out, and the fault code can be output. In this paper, a certain angle of brushless DC motor is realized, the signal of earth inductive coil is simulated, the starting of the gate is controlled and the rod is dropped, the switching of the running gear of the brushless DC motor under the condition of no load is realized, and the control of the switch angle is realized. The on-line debugging of brushless DC motor driver, gate controller, brushless DC motor and the mechanical part of the channel gate is carried out, and the starting rod control and the falling rod control of the four stalls of the channel gate are completed. According to the characteristic that the electric current is not abrupt when the motor is in resistance, the pulse counting method is used to deal with the resistance of the channel gate. Finally, the design and fabrication of the PCB board are completed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：集美大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM33;TP273

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 楊冠群;道路收費(fèi)站車輛檢測(cè)與道閘控制系統(tǒng)[J];傳感器技術(shù);2003年11期

2 李楠;田小玲;鐘灶生;薛方正;;基于鎖相環(huán)倍頻的BLDCM速度控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)[J];傳感器與微系統(tǒng);2011年02期

3 孫歡慶;李橋梁;;MC33035在直流無刷電機(jī)控制中的應(yīng)用[J];電機(jī)技術(shù);2007年03期

4 李成,鄒建華;基于MC33035的小功率無刷電機(jī)PWM系統(tǒng)[J];電氣傳動(dòng)自動(dòng)化;2000年06期

5 沈亦咨;俞倩蘭;;基于單片機(jī)的智能穩(wěn)壓電源設(shè)計(jì)[J];安慶師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2013年04期

6 彭曉農(nóng);喻俊明;;《神鞭》的藝術(shù)啟示[J];井岡山學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2008年02期

7 趙樹磊;謝吉華;劉永鋒;;基于霍爾傳感器的電機(jī)測(cè)速裝置[J];江蘇電器;2008年10期

8 胡愛閩;基于單片機(jī)的多功能數(shù)控直流穩(wěn)壓電源[J];江西煤炭科技;2004年02期

9 劉麗;王翔;;基于MCS-51單片機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量系統(tǒng)[J];機(jī)械;2007年03期

10 金博;;無刷直流電機(jī)專用控制集成電路MC33035的原理及應(yīng)用[J];民營(yíng)科技;2008年10期

本文編號(hào)：2160629