本文選題：分布式實時仿真 + 微電網(wǎng)��； 參考：《北京理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：實時仿真是電力系統(tǒng)試驗研究、規(guī)劃設計、評估分析的重要工具。隨著電力電子技術的發(fā)展，面向微電網(wǎng)等新型電力系統(tǒng)的實時仿真呈現(xiàn)出剛性求解、非線性、高速計算的特點，這就對實時仿真平臺的開發(fā)帶來了困難與挑戰(zhàn)�；赑C的實時仿真機在仿真求解速度上難以令人滿意，基于FPGA、DSP的實時仿真器建模困難、開發(fā)周期長，因此基于多樣化處理器協(xié)作的分布式實時仿真成為電力系統(tǒng)仿真平臺發(fā)展的潮流。本文基于FPGA實時仿真板卡與運行QNX實時操作系統(tǒng)的PC實時仿真機，研究了面向微電網(wǎng)換流器應用的實時多速率協(xié)同仿真平臺的設計實現(xiàn)，兼顧仿真速度、精度與建模靈活性。本文的主要工作如下： 1.研究了解決微電網(wǎng)剛性仿真問題的實時多速率仿真方法。本文基于狀態(tài)空間建模手段，采用時域分割方法，將微電網(wǎng)仿真模型分割為快速變化的電路子系統(tǒng)與慢速變化的控制子系統(tǒng)，利用實時多速率求解方法進行實時仿真。 2.完成了基于FPGA、PC的實時多速率協(xié)同仿真平臺的設計實現(xiàn)。本文提出了多速率仿真平臺的架構和仿真流程，在此基礎上搭建了QNX實時仿真引擎，設計實現(xiàn)了FPGA實時多速率仿真接口控制模塊，包括高精度時鐘同步、高速仿真數(shù)據(jù)交互模塊。QNX仿真機時鐘抖動控制在0.8s以內(nèi)，，仿真數(shù)據(jù)交互每10s完成一次。 3.研究了FPGA高速仿真求解器的改進與實現(xiàn)，包括線性狀態(tài)空間求解器和換流器非線性求解器。設計實現(xiàn)了基于浮點數(shù)的離散狀態(tài)空間方程組求解器和換流器非線性求解器。仿真步長能夠達到200~500ns，求解器支持模型參數(shù)重配置。 4.開展了三相兩電平逆變算例的實時仿真試驗研究。以離線精確模型為基準，將實時多速率仿真平臺與傳統(tǒng)PC實時仿真機從仿真波形、仿真結果歐式誤差方面進行比較評估。本文設計實現(xiàn)的FPGA、PC實時分布式仿真平臺能夠承擔微電網(wǎng)換流器系統(tǒng)仿真任務，電磁暫態(tài)模擬精確，電路仿真步長達到0.2~0.5s，仿真精度達到歐式誤差1%左右。而PC實時仿真機不能滿足高頻換流器的仿真需求。
[Abstract]:Real-time simulation is an important tool for power system experimental research, planning and design, evaluation and analysis. With the development of power electronics technology, real-time simulation of new power systems such as micro-grid presents the characteristics of rigid solution, nonlinear and high-speed computing, which brings difficulties and challenges to the development of real-time simulation platform. The real-time simulation machine based on PC is difficult to solve the problem satisfactorily, and the real-time simulator based on FPGA DSP is difficult to model and has a long development period. Therefore, distributed real-time simulation based on the cooperation of multiple processors has become the trend of power system simulation platform. Based on FPGA real-time simulation board and PC real-time simulation computer running QNX real-time operating system, this paper studies the design and realization of real-time multi-rate collaborative simulation platform for the application of microgrid converter, which takes into account the simulation speed, precision and modeling flexibility. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. The real-time multi-rate simulation method to solve the rigid simulation problem of micro-grid is studied. Based on the method of state space modeling, the simulation model of microgrid is divided into a fast changing circuit subsystem and a slow changing control subsystem, and the real-time multi-rate solution method is used for real-time simulation. 2. The design and implementation of real-time multi-rate collaborative simulation platform based on FPGA PC is completed. In this paper, the architecture and simulation flow of the multi-rate simulation platform are presented. On this basis, the QNX real-time simulation engine is built, and the FPGA real-time multi-rate simulation interface control module is designed and implemented, including high-precision clock synchronization. The clock jitter of QNX simulator is controlled within 0.8 s, and the simulation data interaction is completed every 10 s. 3. The improvement and implementation of FPGA high-speed simulation solver including linear state space solver and converter nonlinear solver are studied. The discrete state space equations solver and converter nonlinear solver based on floating point number are designed and implemented. The simulation step can reach 200ns and the solver supports the reconfiguration of model parameters. 4. The real-time simulation of three-phase two-level inverter is carried out. Based on the off-line accurate model, the real-time multi-rate simulation platform and the traditional PC real-time simulation machine are compared and evaluated from the aspects of simulation waveform and Euclidean error. The FPGA PC real-time distributed simulation platform designed in this paper can undertake the task of microgrid converter system simulation, the electromagnetic transient simulation is accurate, the circuit simulation step size reaches 0.2 ~ 0.5s, and the simulation accuracy reaches about 1% of the Euclidean error. PC real-time simulation machine can not meet the needs of high-frequency converter simulation.
【學位授予單位】：北京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM743

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本文編號：1975733