本文選題：核電二回路 + 結(jié)構(gòu)理論�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：核能作為解決能源需求的重要突破口,近年來(lái)在我國(guó)得到了迅速的發(fā)展,如何安全高效地利用核資源已成為我們關(guān)注的重要話題。隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,節(jié)能不經(jīng)濟(jì)的狀況已經(jīng)不適宜核電企業(yè)的生存及發(fā)展,熱經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析在熱力學(xué)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,將經(jīng)濟(jì)因素考慮到對(duì)機(jī)組的性能評(píng)價(jià)及分析中,能夠降低發(fā)電成本,提高機(jī)組運(yùn)行的經(jīng)濟(jì)性,給企業(yè)及國(guó)家?guī)?lái)巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,對(duì)節(jié)約能源、改善環(huán)境也有顯著作用。本文以1000MW核電二回路熱力系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象,首先確定了額定工況下核電機(jī)_組的運(yùn)行參數(shù)以及環(huán)境參數(shù),利用Matlab軟件及水和水蒸汽性質(zhì)計(jì)算程序得到系統(tǒng)各狀態(tài)點(diǎn)的焓熵值及比(?),基于熱經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)理論建立了機(jī)組的生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)模型,確定了各子系統(tǒng)的燃料-產(chǎn)品,對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了(?)分析、(?)成本及熱經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)成本的分析計(jì)算。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明蒸汽發(fā)生器是系統(tǒng)中不可逆損失最大的設(shè)備,汽輪機(jī)各級(jí)組的(?)損失所占系統(tǒng)總(?)損失的比例也較大,是系統(tǒng)中用能的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),具有很好的節(jié)能潛力;不同設(shè)備的不可逆具有不同的成本,證明了(?)的不等價(jià)性;沿著熱力循環(huán)進(jìn)行的方向,各設(shè)備的燃料及產(chǎn)品的單位(?)成本逐漸增加,從高壓加熱器至低壓加熱器的產(chǎn)品單位(?)成本逐漸增大。應(yīng)用LIFO模式建立改進(jìn)后的熱經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)模型,結(jié)合數(shù)學(xué)導(dǎo)數(shù)鏈?zhǔn)椒▌t,對(duì)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中及系統(tǒng)的終端產(chǎn)品成本形成過(guò)程進(jìn)行了分析計(jì)算。計(jì)算結(jié)果與采用結(jié)構(gòu)理論所得結(jié)果保持一致,且更加合理,所得發(fā)電成本為每度電$0.010,為核電機(jī)組終端產(chǎn)品的定價(jià)問(wèn)題提供了重要的參考。應(yīng)用遺傳算法對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化分析,選取12個(gè)主要優(yōu)化參數(shù),將系統(tǒng)的單位熱經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)成本作為優(yōu)化的目標(biāo)函數(shù),系統(tǒng)的主要設(shè)備蒸汽發(fā)生器及汽輪機(jī)組在優(yōu)化后總(?)損失降低了 1798kW,投資成本減少了$533744。這一分析結(jié)果對(duì)降低機(jī)組發(fā)電成本、提高機(jī)組經(jīng)濟(jì)性有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。優(yōu)化后系統(tǒng)的單位熱經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)成本值降低了 4.06%,系統(tǒng)設(shè)備投資成本減少了 0.38%,生產(chǎn)每度電的成本降低了 1.77%。對(duì)核電二回路熱力系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行熱經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析及優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),為找到降低核電機(jī)組熱經(jīng)濟(jì)成本的突破口,指出提高機(jī)組經(jīng)濟(jì)性的研究方向具有指導(dǎo)意義,同時(shí)也為二回路熱力系統(tǒng)提供了一套完整的評(píng)價(jià)和優(yōu)化平臺(tái),對(duì)系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能降耗與優(yōu)化改造提供了科學(xué)依據(jù)及理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Nuclear energy, as an important breakthrough to solve the energy demand, has been developed rapidly in China in recent years. How to use nuclear resources safely and efficiently has become an important topic we pay attention to. With the rapid development of economy in our country, energy saving is not suitable for the survival and development of nuclear power enterprises. Based on the thermodynamic analysis, the economic factors are taken into account in the performance evaluation and analysis of the units. It can reduce the cost of power generation, improve the economy of unit operation, bring huge economic benefits to enterprises and countries, and also play a significant role in saving energy and improving environment. In this paper, the second loop thermal system of 1000MW nuclear power plant is taken as the research object. First, the operating parameters and environmental parameters of the nuclear motor _ group under rated working conditions are determined. The enthalpy entropy and ratio of each state point of the system are obtained by using the Matlab software and the calculation program of water and steam properties. Based on the thermoeconomics structure theory, the production structure model of the unit is established, the fuel-product of each subsystem is determined, and the system is carried out. Analysis) Analysis and calculation of cost and thermoeconomics cost. The calculation results show that the steam generator is the equipment with the largest irreversible loss in the system. Total loss of system) The proportion of loss is also large, which is the weak link of energy use in the system, and has a good energy saving potential; the irreversibility of different equipment has different costs, which proves that there is a lot of energy consumption in the system. In the direction of the thermal cycle, the units of fuel and products of each equipment) Increasing costs, from high-pressure heaters to low-pressure heaters The cost is gradually increasing. The improved thermoeconomics production structure model is established by using LIFO model, and the process of terminal product cost formation in production process and system is analyzed and calculated in combination with the mathematical derivative chain rule. The calculated results are consistent with the results obtained from the structural theory and are more reasonable. The resulting generation cost is 0.010 per kilowatt, which provides an important reference for the pricing of terminal products of nuclear power units. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the system. Twelve main optimization parameters are selected. The unit thermoeconomic cost of the system is taken as the objective function of the optimization. The steam generator and steam turbine unit are the main equipment of the system after optimization. Losses were reduced by 1798kW and investment costs by 533744. The result of this analysis has certain guiding significance to reduce the generating cost and improve the unit economy. After optimization, the unit thermoeconomic cost of the system is reduced by 4.06, the investment cost of system equipment is reduced by 0.38, and the cost of producing electricity per degree is reduced by 1.7775. The thermoeconomic analysis and optimization design of the secondary loop thermal power system of nuclear power plant are carried out. In order to find a breakthrough to reduce the thermal economic cost of nuclear power unit, it is pointed out that the research direction of improving the unit economy is of guiding significance. At the same time, it also provides a complete evaluation and optimization platform for the secondary loop thermodynamic system, and provides the scientific basis and theoretical basis for the energy saving and optimization transformation of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM623

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本文編號(hào)：1954421