本文選題：狀態(tài)監(jiān)測 + 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)　； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：風(fēng)能作為一種清潔、綠色的能源在注重低碳和環(huán)保的當(dāng)今社會得到越來越多的發(fā)展和重視，風(fēng)力發(fā)電的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益是風(fēng)力發(fā)電企業(yè)主要考慮的指標(biāo)和因素，在風(fēng)電場的運(yùn)行和維護(hù)過程中，風(fēng)機(jī)日常維護(hù)和故障維修費(fèi)用占發(fā)電企業(yè)支出的比例越來越高。風(fēng)電機(jī)組是由多種機(jī)械和電氣設(shè)備構(gòu)成的復(fù)雜整體，一旦某個部位發(fā)生故障將直接影響整機(jī)的運(yùn)行，目前國內(nèi)風(fēng)電場主要采用定期維護(hù)和事后檢修的方法，由于維護(hù)部件的不確定性往往造成人力和物力的較大浪費(fèi)，而狀態(tài)監(jiān)測和故障診斷系統(tǒng)在新型風(fēng)機(jī)上有所應(yīng)用，但對于生產(chǎn)時間較早且已進(jìn)入故障高發(fā)期的風(fēng)電機(jī)組來說無法通用。 本文設(shè)計(jì)了一套集數(shù)據(jù)采集、無線傳輸和診斷預(yù)測為一體的系統(tǒng)，對風(fēng)力機(jī)易發(fā)故障部位進(jìn)行狀態(tài)監(jiān)測和故障診斷，提供實(shí)時可視的工作狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)，對已經(jīng)發(fā)生的故障能迅速定位故障部位，并能預(yù)測未來一段時間內(nèi)部件工作狀態(tài)的趨勢。系統(tǒng)通過壓電式加速度傳感器和霍爾電流傳感器，采集發(fā)電機(jī)和齒輪箱在工作狀態(tài)時的振動信號和電流信號，通過電荷放大器與采集卡進(jìn)入工控機(jī)，在工控機(jī)上進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)庫的讀取和存儲，利用多天線技術(shù)、提高發(fā)射和接收增益等方法建立覆蓋范圍較大的Wi-Fi網(wǎng)絡(luò)，，實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)力機(jī)與主控端之間的無線通信，采集到的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸至主控終端后進(jìn)行分析和診斷，利用小波包分析和傅里葉變換相結(jié)合對信號處理，提取信號中隱藏的故障特征向量，最后通過BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對獲取的特征向量進(jìn)行分析，獲取部件的故障部位和故障程度，同時利用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對部件未來的工作狀態(tài)進(jìn)行預(yù)測，為風(fēng)電場運(yùn)行維護(hù)人員提供指導(dǎo)性的維修意見，提高維修維護(hù)的針對性和實(shí)效性。 本套系統(tǒng)在汕尾市紅海灣風(fēng)電場進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場安裝和試驗(yàn)，結(jié)果表明該系統(tǒng)能有效的對風(fēng)電機(jī)組當(dāng)前的工作狀態(tài)進(jìn)行監(jiān)測，能準(zhǔn)確診斷出發(fā)電機(jī)和齒輪箱的常見故障。
[Abstract]:As a kind of clean and green energy, wind energy is developing and paying more and more attention to the low-carbon and environment-friendly society. The economic benefit of wind power generation is the main index and factor to be considered by wind power enterprises.In the process of operation and maintenance of wind farm, the expenses of fan daily maintenance and fault maintenance account for more and more expenses of power generation enterprises.Wind turbine is a complex whole composed of a variety of mechanical and electrical equipment. Once a fault occurs in a certain part, it will directly affect the operation of the whole machine. At present, the domestic wind farm mainly adopts the methods of regular maintenance and after-repair.Because the uncertainty of maintenance components often leads to a great waste of manpower and material resources, the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system is applied to the new fan.But for the wind turbine unit with earlier production time and has entered the period of high failure, it is impossible to generalize.In this paper, a system which integrates data acquisition, wireless transmission and diagnosis and prediction is designed to monitor and diagnose the status of wind turbine fault prone parts, and to provide real-time and visual working state data.The fault location can be quickly located and the working state of the components can be predicted for some time to come.The system collects vibration and current signals of generator and gearbox by piezoelectric accelerometer and Hall current sensor, and enters industrial control computer through charge amplifier and data acquisition card.In order to realize wireless communication between wind turbine and main control terminal, the database is read and stored on industrial control computer, and multi-antenna technology is used to improve the transmitting and receiving gain to set up a Wi-Fi network with a large coverage range, so as to realize the wireless communication between the wind turbine and the main control terminal.After the collected data is transmitted to the main control terminal for analysis and diagnosis, wavelet packet analysis and Fourier transform are used to process the signal and extract the hidden fault feature vector of the signal.Finally, the feature vectors obtained are analyzed by BP neural network, and the fault location and fault degree of components are obtained. At the same time, the neural network is used to predict the working state of components in the future.To provide guidance for wind farm maintenance personnel, improve the pertinence and effectiveness of maintenance.The system has been installed and tested in Hongwan wind farm in Shanwei City. The results show that the system can effectively monitor the current working state of wind turbine and accurately diagnose the common faults of generator and gearbox.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM614

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