本文選題：發(fā)電能源結(jié)構(gòu)　切入點(diǎn)：地面光伏電站　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：地面光伏電站是指太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，主要是利用太陽(yáng)電池半導(dǎo)體材料的光伏效應(yīng)，將太陽(yáng)光輻射能直接轉(zhuǎn)換為電能的一種新型發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，有獨(dú)立運(yùn)行和并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行兩種方式。光伏發(fā)電的能量來(lái)源于取之不盡，用之不竭的太陽(yáng)能，且在光伏發(fā)電的過(guò)程中，無(wú)污染，不破壞生態(tài)，是安全清潔的發(fā)電方式。 近年來(lái)光伏發(fā)電發(fā)展迅速，由于環(huán)境污染的日益嚴(yán)重，能源緊缺加劇，世界各國(guó)尤其是歐美國(guó)家將清潔能源發(fā)展作為首選，憑借的是光伏發(fā)電的優(yōu)勢(shì)即安全性高、無(wú)污染、資源分布廣泛等等。截止2012年的全球累計(jì)光伏裝機(jī)容量達(dá)到102.16GW，近五年的復(fù)合增長(zhǎng)率達(dá)到60.77%。 據(jù)歐盟聯(lián)合研究中心預(yù)測(cè)，未來(lái)太陽(yáng)能在發(fā)電能源結(jié)構(gòu)中的比重將逐步上升，到2100年將占64%的比重，成為最廣泛的發(fā)電模式。目前可再生能源發(fā)電占世界發(fā)電總量不到25%，增長(zhǎng)潛力巨大。 我國(guó)太陽(yáng)能裝機(jī)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)與全球同步，從2009年之后開(kāi)始快速增長(zhǎng)，截至2013年底，太陽(yáng)能光伏累計(jì)裝機(jī)容量1900萬(wàn)千瓦左右，約占全球的6.5%；最近5年年均增長(zhǎng)率高達(dá)140%。 2012年下半年，全球光伏制造成本價(jià)格大幅度下降，全球各國(guó)近期陸續(xù)出臺(tái)的一系列光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，國(guó)內(nèi)西部地區(qū)大范圍新建地面光伏電站，隨著形勢(shì)的不斷變化，地面光伏電站未來(lái)如何發(fā)展、分區(qū)域電價(jià)對(duì)效益的影響等問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為業(yè)內(nèi)企業(yè)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。根據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)，到2050年，，全球的光伏發(fā)電占電力供應(yīng)比例將達(dá)到11%，這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)可以說(shuō)，盡管目前光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)有暫時(shí)的困難，但是利用的前景和空間肯定是極其廣闊的。 本文立足光伏發(fā)電的優(yōu)勢(shì)，通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)電四子王旗光伏發(fā)電公司的調(diào)研，結(jié)合公司發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，針對(duì)我國(guó)光資源分布及其他自然條件和太陽(yáng)能電站發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及未來(lái)趨勢(shì)，提出了新政策和形勢(shì)下國(guó)電集團(tuán)光伏電站如何發(fā)展、發(fā)展目標(biāo)及發(fā)展方式的應(yīng)對(duì)措施和發(fā)展建議，以助推集團(tuán)公司光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)持續(xù)發(fā)展起到積極作用。
[Abstract]:Ground photovoltaic power station refers to solar photovoltaic power generation system, which mainly uses the photovoltaic effect of solar cell semiconductor material to convert solar radiation energy directly into electric energy. There are two modes of independent operation and grid-connected operation.The energy of photovoltaic power generation comes from the inexhaustible solar energy, and in the process of photovoltaic power generation, no pollution, no damage to the ecology, is a safe and clean way of power generation.With the rapid development of photovoltaic power generation in recent years, due to the increasingly serious environmental pollution and energy shortage, countries in the world, especially in Europe and the United States, take the development of clean energy as the first choice, relying on the advantages of photovoltaic power generation, that is, high security and no pollution.Resources are widely distributed and so on.The cumulative global PV capacity reached 102.16GW in 2012, with a compound growth rate of 60.77 GW over the past five years.According to the European Union Joint Research Center, the proportion of solar energy in the energy structure of power generation will gradually increase in the future, and will account for 64% by 2100, making it the most widely used power generation mode.At present, renewable energy generation accounts for less than 25% of the world's total electricity generation, with huge growth potential.The development trend of solar energy installation in China keeps pace with that of the whole world, which began to grow rapidly after 2009. By the end of 2013, the accumulative installed capacity of solar photovoltaic is about 1900 kilowatts, accounting for about 6.5 percent of the global total, and the average annual growth rate of the last five years is as high as 140 percent.In the second half of 2012, the cost of global photovoltaic manufacturing has dropped substantially, a series of recent photovoltaic industry policies have been introduced in various countries around the world, and a large number of ground-based photovoltaic power stations have been built in the western part of the country. With the continuous changes of the situation,How to develop the ground photovoltaic power station in the future, and how to affect the benefit of the sub-regional electricity price have become the focus of attention of the industry enterprises.According to projections, by 2050, global PV power supply will reach 11 percent, the data can be said that despite the current PV industry has temporary difficulties, but the use of the prospects and space must be extremely broad.Based on the advantages of photovoltaic power generation, through the investigation of Siziwangqi photovoltaic power generation company, combined with the current situation of the company's development, this paper aims at the distribution of light resources and other natural conditions and the development status and future trend of solar power plants in China.In order to promote the sustainable development of photovoltaic industry of Guodian Group, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on how to develop photovoltaic power station, development goal and development mode under the new policy and situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61

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