本文選題：CRT　切入點：磁集成　出處：《蘭州交通大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著電力系統(tǒng)向著超高壓、大容量發(fā)展,對輸電線路的安全、可靠性要求比以往更高,系統(tǒng)的安全可靠性可以通過無功補償來提高。CRT(Controllable Reactor of Transformer Type,變壓器式可控電抗器)作為一種無功補償裝置,對其進行研究具有十分重要的意義。CRT具有多個控制繞組,在各控制繞組中串聯(lián)有反并聯(lián)的晶閘管。為快速平滑調(diào)節(jié)CRT的容量,可以調(diào)節(jié)各反并聯(lián)晶閘管的導通角以達到目的,變壓器可以起到降低控制繞組電壓的作用,因此在超高壓大容量輸電系統(tǒng)中有比較廣闊的應用前景。本文在分析CRT工作原理的基礎上,為了實現(xiàn)CRT“高阻抗、弱耦合”的設計原則,在CRT的結(jié)構(gòu)設計中,以磁集成技術為基礎,提出了CRT陣列式磁集成結(jié)構(gòu)、多種導磁材料磁集成結(jié)構(gòu)、分裂式磁集成結(jié)構(gòu)。對陣列式磁集成結(jié)構(gòu)分析了各控制繞組間磁通交鏈情況,建立了此結(jié)構(gòu)的“變壓器—電感”等效電路,推導了具有4個控制繞組結(jié)構(gòu)的短路阻抗和短路電流的計算公式;對多種導磁材料磁集成結(jié)構(gòu)不僅在建立等效電路的基礎上推導了短路阻抗與短路電流的計算通式,而且在MATLAB中搭建了仿真模型,對工作繞組電流波形、控制特性、過渡過程等進行了仿真分析。仿真結(jié)果說明了CRT諧波含量小,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)容量的分級平滑調(diào)節(jié),負載波動時能夠快速響應;對分裂式磁集成結(jié)構(gòu)基本結(jié)構(gòu)單元建立了等效電路,分析了其實現(xiàn)“高阻抗”的原理,在ANSYS軟件下建立了二維有限元仿真模型,采用“磁場—電路”耦合法計算了繞組電流分布以及各控制繞組依次短路時磁場分布情況。通過對以上三種結(jié)構(gòu)的算例求解,說明了其均能夠滿足CRT“高阻抗、弱耦合”的設計原則,驗證了這三種結(jié)構(gòu)的正確性和有效性。以上3種結(jié)構(gòu)中陣列式磁集成結(jié)構(gòu)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)各控制繞組間的完全解耦,空載電流為0,但結(jié)構(gòu)比較復雜,不易擴展;多種導磁材料磁集成結(jié)構(gòu)很容易擴展,結(jié)構(gòu)相對簡單,但此結(jié)構(gòu)空載電流不為0,不能實現(xiàn)各控制繞組間的完全解耦;分裂式磁集成結(jié)構(gòu)易于擴展,結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,空載電流雖不為0,但僅為總電流的1.08%,說明分裂式結(jié)構(gòu)更加接近于工程應用。據(jù)此,要實現(xiàn)CRT工作繞組與控制繞組間“高阻抗”的設計原則,可以給工作繞組與控制繞組間設置鐵心柱或者鐵餅;要實現(xiàn)CRT控制繞組間“弱耦合”的設計原則,可以在結(jié)構(gòu)中設置分割鐵心(低磁阻鐵心)。
[Abstract]:With the development of power system towards ultra-high voltage and large capacity, the safety and reliability of transmission line are required higher than before. The safety and reliability of the system can be improved by reactive power compensation. CRT controllable Reactor of Transformer type can be used as a reactive power compensation device. There are antiparallel thyristors in series in each control winding. In order to adjust the capacity of CRT smoothly and quickly, the conduction angle of each antiparallel thyristor can be adjusted to achieve the purpose, and the transformer can play the role of reducing the voltage of the control winding. In order to realize the design principle of "high impedance and weak coupling" of CRT, this paper is used in the structure design of CRT, based on the analysis of the working principle of CRT. Based on the magnetic integration technology, CRT array magnetic integration structure, magnetic integration structure of various magnetic conductive materials and split magnetic integration structure are proposed. The magnetic flux intersection between the control windings is analyzed for the array magnetic integration structure. The equivalent circuit of "transformer inductor" with this structure is established, and the calculation formulas of short circuit impedance and short circuit current with four control windings are derived. On the basis of the equivalent circuit, the general formulas of short circuit impedance and short circuit current are derived for the magnetic integrated structure of various magnetic conductive materials, and the simulation model is built in MATLAB to control the current waveform and control characteristics of the working winding. The simulation results show that the CRT harmonics content is small, the capacity can be adjusted smoothly and the load fluctuates quickly, and the equivalent circuit is established for the basic structure unit of the split-type magnetic integrated structure. The principle of realizing "high impedance" is analyzed, and the two-dimensional finite element simulation model is established under ANSYS software. The current distribution of the winding and the magnetic field distribution of each control winding are calculated by using the coupling method of "magnetic field and circuit". By solving the above three kinds of structures, it is shown that they can meet the high impedance of CRT. The design principle of weak coupling verifies the correctness and validity of the three structures. Among the above three structures, the array magnetic integrated structure can realize the complete decoupling between the control windings, the no-load current is 0, but the structure is complex and difficult to expand. The magnetic integrated structure of many magnetic conductive materials is easy to expand, and the structure is relatively simple, but the no-load current of the structure is not zero, so it can not realize the complete decoupling between the control windings, and the split-type magnetic integrated structure is easy to expand and has a simple structure. Although the no-load current is not zero, it is only 1.08% of the total current, which shows that the split-type structure is closer to engineering application. According to this, the design principle of "high impedance" between CRT working winding and control winding should be realized. The core column or discus can be set between the working winding and the control winding, and in order to realize the design principle of "weak coupling" between the CRT control windings, the split core (low magneto-resistance core) can be set in the structure.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM47

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