本文選題：電動(dòng)汽車　切入點(diǎn)：感應(yīng)電機(jī)　出處：《河北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：電動(dòng)汽車的核心控制部分是電機(jī)及其電驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)，它的性能直接影響了電動(dòng)汽車的各項(xiàng)運(yùn)行指標(biāo)。本文根據(jù)電動(dòng)汽車電驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的性能要求，研究了電動(dòng)汽車感應(yīng)電機(jī)的無(wú)速度傳感器矢量控制系統(tǒng)。 在感應(yīng)電機(jī)無(wú)速度傳感器矢量控制系統(tǒng)中，匹配的電機(jī)參數(shù)是轉(zhuǎn)速和磁鏈精確估計(jì)的前提，估計(jì)精度直接影響了控制系統(tǒng)的性能。為了提高估計(jì)精度，增強(qiáng)控制系統(tǒng)對(duì)參數(shù)波動(dòng)的魯棒性，本文研究了一種基于滑模觀測(cè)器的轉(zhuǎn)子速度和轉(zhuǎn)子時(shí)間常數(shù)在線辨識(shí)技術(shù)。首先通過(guò)分析感應(yīng)電機(jī)在兩相靜止正交坐標(biāo)系中的狀態(tài)方程，推導(dǎo)出含有相同耦合項(xiàng)的定子電流和轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈狀態(tài)方程。然后利用滑模控制函數(shù)替代定子電流和轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈方程中的相同耦合項(xiàng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了在兩相靜止參考坐標(biāo)系中的定子電流和轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈方程解耦。最后利用滑動(dòng)模態(tài)的穩(wěn)定條件推導(dǎo)了滑�？刂坪瘮�(shù)的增益，利用低通濾波器和等價(jià)函數(shù)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈、轉(zhuǎn)子速度和轉(zhuǎn)子時(shí)間常數(shù)進(jìn)行了在線估計(jì)。 為了既能削弱滑模控制高頻抖動(dòng)又能加快滑模變量趨近滑模面的速度，本文研究了一種自適應(yīng)滑模控制增益的滑模電流控制器。控制器根據(jù)擾動(dòng)信號(hào)自動(dòng)調(diào)整滑�？刂坪瘮�(shù)增益，不需要大量計(jì)算擾動(dòng)信號(hào)的界限。當(dāng)滑動(dòng)變量遠(yuǎn)離滑模面時(shí)能夠自動(dòng)增加滑模控制函數(shù)增益，加快趨近滑模面的速度，改進(jìn)其動(dòng)態(tài)性能。當(dāng)滑動(dòng)變量靠近滑模面時(shí)，能夠自動(dòng)減小滑�？刂坪瘮�(shù)增益，削弱滑模面上的高頻抖動(dòng)。利用李亞普諾夫穩(wěn)定定理，分析了自適應(yīng)滑�？刂破鞯姆�(wěn)定性。 為了提高電動(dòng)汽車的續(xù)航里程，改善矢量控制系統(tǒng)的輕載低效問(wèn)題，研究了一種超螺旋滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)感應(yīng)電機(jī)效率優(yōu)化控制技術(shù)。在兩相靜止參考坐標(biāo)系中建立了考慮鐵損的感應(yīng)電機(jī)損耗模型，，利用函數(shù)求極值的方法求解了損耗最小的磁鏈。將轉(zhuǎn)子速度和磁鏈作為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)，設(shè)計(jì)了超螺旋滑�？刂破鳌＠美顏喥罩Z夫穩(wěn)定定理，對(duì)滑�？刂破鬟M(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定性分析，推導(dǎo)了滑模控制器的增益。滑動(dòng)模態(tài)收斂到滑模面時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)子實(shí)際速度跟蹤到設(shè)定速度，轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈跟蹤到最優(yōu)磁鏈。 在TMS320LF2812數(shù)字處理芯片的全數(shù)字化實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)上，對(duì)定子電流滑模觀測(cè)器和自適應(yīng)增益的滑�？刂破鬟M(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)分析研究，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了該算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:The core control part of electric vehicle is the motor and its electric drive control system. Its performance directly affects the running indexes of electric vehicle. According to the performance requirements of electric vehicle electric drive control system, The speed sensorless vector control system of induction motor of electric vehicle is studied. In the speed sensorless vector control system of induction motor, the matching parameters of the motor is the premise of accurate estimation of speed and flux chain. The estimation accuracy directly affects the performance of the control system. In this paper, an on-line identification technique for rotor speed and rotor time constant based on sliding mode observer is studied. Firstly, the state equation of induction motor in two-phase static orthogonal coordinate system is analyzed. The state equations of stator current and rotor flux with the same coupling term are derived, and then the sliding mode control function is used to replace the same coupling term in the stator current and rotor flux equation. The stator current and rotor flux equations are decoupled in two-phase static reference coordinate system. Finally, the gain of sliding mode control function is derived by using the stability condition of sliding mode, and the rotor flux is obtained by using low-pass filter and equivalent function. Rotor velocity and rotor time constant are estimated online. In order to reduce the high frequency jitter of sliding mode control and accelerate the speed of sliding mode variable approaching sliding mode surface, In this paper, a sliding mode current controller with adaptive sliding mode control gain is studied. The controller automatically adjusts the gain of sliding mode control function according to the disturbance signal. When the sliding variable is far from the sliding mode surface, the sliding mode control function gain can be increased automatically, the speed of approaching the sliding mode surface can be accelerated, and the dynamic performance of the sliding mode surface can be improved. When the sliding variable is near the sliding mode surface, The gain of sliding mode control function can be reduced automatically and the high frequency jitter on sliding mode surface can be weakened. The stability of adaptive sliding mode controller is analyzed by using Lyapunov stability theorem. In order to improve the mileage of electric vehicle and the low efficiency of vector control system, An optimal efficiency control technique for superspiral sliding mode variable structure induction motor is studied. A loss model of induction motor considering iron loss is established in a two-phase static reference coordinate system. The minimum loss flux is solved by the method of calculating the extremum of the function. The superspiral sliding mode controller is designed with rotor speed and flux chain as the optimization object. The stability of the sliding mode controller is analyzed by using Lyapunov stability theorem. The gain of the sliding mode controller is derived. When the sliding mode converges to the sliding mode surface, the actual speed of the rotor is tracked to the set speed, and the rotor flux is tracked to the optimal flux. The stator current sliding mode observer and the adaptive gain sliding mode controller are experimentally analyzed on the full digital experimental platform of TMS320LF2812 digital processing chip. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM346;U469.72

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