本文選題：獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤　出處：《遼寧工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)可以分為獨(dú)立、并網(wǎng)、混合系統(tǒng)。其中，獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)具有轉(zhuǎn)換環(huán)節(jié)最少、應(yīng)用最直接、最經(jīng)濟(jì)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，，但自身也存在許多亟待解決的問(wèn)題：光照強(qiáng)度和溫度等環(huán)境條件的突變對(duì)光伏電池的輸出功率影響較大；在一些光照充足的地方，額外的能量長(zhǎng)期儲(chǔ)存在蓄電池中，會(huì)造成一定量的浪費(fèi)。設(shè)計(jì)一種專門(mén)針對(duì)獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)能量額外輸出需求的“即插即用”的并網(wǎng)控制器，將有助于提高獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的能量傳輸?shù)撵`活性。因此，對(duì)獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤及并網(wǎng)控制技術(shù)展開(kāi)研究有一定的理論意義。 本文從光伏發(fā)電的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤控制技術(shù)、并網(wǎng)控制器的數(shù)學(xué)模型、并網(wǎng)控制策略三個(gè)方面展開(kāi)研究。結(jié)合光伏電池等效電路及光照強(qiáng)度、溫度等外界條件對(duì)光伏電池輸出功率的影響，建立光伏電池的數(shù)學(xué)模型；對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)能量變換的逆變器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析，推導(dǎo)出相應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。 基于最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤的工作原理，針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)擾動(dòng)觀察法在兼顧跟蹤精度和速度方面的不足，對(duì)擾動(dòng)觀察法加以改進(jìn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)能快速穩(wěn)定跟蹤最大功率點(diǎn)的目標(biāo)。并在Matlab/Simulink環(huán)境下搭建模型進(jìn)行仿真分析，驗(yàn)證改進(jìn)算法的有效性。 對(duì)并網(wǎng)控制器的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理進(jìn)行分析，根據(jù)其拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)建立暫態(tài)、穩(wěn)態(tài)數(shù)學(xué)模型，并應(yīng)用dq變換推導(dǎo)出并聯(lián)側(cè)、串聯(lián)側(cè)控制模型。依據(jù)并網(wǎng)控制器的并、串聯(lián)側(cè)控制模型，設(shè)計(jì)出并網(wǎng)控制策略及控制參數(shù)。在Matlab/Simulink環(huán)境下搭建出并網(wǎng)仿真模型，并對(duì)直接并網(wǎng)和采用并網(wǎng)控制器并網(wǎng)兩種方式進(jìn)行仿真分析，驗(yàn)證采用并網(wǎng)控制器能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)“即插即用”平滑快速并網(wǎng)的功能。
[Abstract]:Photovoltaic power generation systems can be divided into independent, grid-connected and hybrid systems. Among them, independent photovoltaic power generation systems have the advantages of minimum conversion links, most direct and economical applications, etc. However, there are many problems to be solved: the sudden changes in environmental conditions, such as light intensity and temperature, have a great impact on the output power of photovoltaic cells, and in some places where there is sufficient light, the extra energy is stored in the battery for a long time. Design a "plug and play" grid-connected controller designed specifically for stand-alone photovoltaic systems that can achieve additional energy output requirements. Therefore, the research on maximum power point tracking and grid-connected control technology of independent photovoltaic power generation system has certain theoretical significance. In this paper, the maximum power point tracking control technology of photovoltaic power generation, mathematical model of grid-connected controller and grid-connected control strategy are studied. The mathematical model of photovoltaic cell is established by the influence of temperature and other external conditions on the output power of photovoltaic cell. The topology of inverter is analyzed and the corresponding mathematical model is deduced. Based on the working principle of maximum power point tracking, the disturbance observation method is improved in view of the shortcomings of the traditional disturbance observation method in both tracking accuracy and speed. The aim of tracking the maximum power point quickly and stably is realized, and the simulation analysis is carried out under the environment of Matlab/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the improved algorithm. The structure and working principle of grid-connected controller are analyzed, the transient and steady mathematical models are established according to its topology, and the control model of parallel side and series side is deduced by using dq transform. The series-side control model is used to design the grid-connected control strategy and control parameters. A grid-connected simulation model is built in Matlab/Simulink environment, and the direct grid-connected model and grid-connected controller are simulated and analyzed. It is verified that using grid-connected controller can realize the function of "plug and play" smooth and fast grid-connection of independent photovoltaic power generation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM615

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