本文關鍵詞： 冷凝器 力學性能 耐蝕性能 模糊數(shù)學　出處：《中國石油大學(華東)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：冷凝器作為輔助發(fā)電機組的重要冷卻設備。它的好壞直接關系到整個發(fā)電廠的穩(wěn)定運行。目前國內(nèi)電廠選用銅管(海軍銅管、含砷黃銅管)或鈦管。對銅管而言,由于冷卻水多為海水或咸水,Cl-的質(zhì)量濃度較高,極易誘發(fā)銅管的點蝕和縫隙腐蝕導致凝汽器泄漏,引起入爐水質(zhì)惡化等一系列安全問題;同時,由于銅材價格飛漲,更換凝汽器的全部銅管對投資總額和運行維修費用的影響較大。鈦管的使用能極大的改善冷卻管抗局部腐蝕能力,減緩由凝汽器泄漏引發(fā)的一系列問題。然而,鈦管的造價過于昂貴,尋找一種能夠降低成本且性能優(yōu)良的材料勢在必行。超級鐵素體作為一種較新的應用材料,具有高強度、低熱膨脹系數(shù)、耐腐蝕特點,符合濱海電廠的工作要求。本文選取S44660超級鐵素體、TA2鈦、B30銅三種常用管材作為研究對象,對三種管材進行多方面的評價,通過評價結果,選出最適合濱海電廠的冷凝器管材。本論文通過拉伸實驗對三種材料的強度與拉伸率進行了簡單分析,三者材料中,超級鐵素體S44660強度與拉伸率明顯好于鈦TA2與銅B30。通過洛氏硬度法測試得出,三種材料的HRB硬度值相差不遠,處于90-100HRB之間,都達到了濱海電廠冷凝器管材要求。從電化學極化曲線分析,在不同pH值、鹽度、溫度中,鈦TA2與超級鐵素體S44660腐蝕電流密度相差不遠,在高鹽度中,S44660超級鐵素體表現(xiàn)出較強的抗氯蝕性,它是三種材料中最耐氯蝕的管材,最適合在海水為冷卻水的濱海電廠工作。相比而言,B30銅的腐蝕電流密度明顯大于其它兩種材料,這說明三者中B30銅耐蝕性最差,在應用中最容易發(fā)生腐蝕。在前文實驗基礎上,本文結合評價方法,創(chuàng)新性地引用了模糊決策理論,通過安全、耐蝕、經(jīng)濟三大準則層,建立各因素判斷矩陣,完成對不同指標的考察,通過計算矩陣,得出各因素權重值大小,從權重值大小判斷得出S44660超級鐵素體是最適合濱海電廠環(huán)境的冷凝器管材。
[Abstract]:Condenser is an important cooling equipment for auxiliary generator set. Its quality is directly related to the stable operation of the whole power plant. At present, copper tube (navy copper tube, arsenic containing brass tube) or titanium tube are used in domestic power plants. Because the cooling water is mostly seawater or salt water with high concentration of Cl-, it is easy to induce pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion of copper pipes and lead to a series of safety problems, such as leakage of condenser, deterioration of water quality in the furnace, etc. Meanwhile, the price of copper materials is soaring. Replacing all the copper tubes of the condenser has a great influence on the total investment and maintenance cost. The use of titanium tube can greatly improve the local corrosion resistance of the cooling tube and alleviate a series of problems caused by the condenser leakage. The cost of titanium tube is too high, it is imperative to find a kind of material which can reduce the cost and have good performance. As a new application material, super ferrite has the characteristics of high strength, low coefficient of thermal expansion and corrosion resistance. In accordance with the working requirements of Binhai Power Plant, three kinds of commonly used pipes, S44660 super ferrite, TA2 titanium and B30 copper, are selected as the research objects, and the three kinds of pipes are evaluated in many aspects, and the evaluation results are given. In this paper, the strength and tensile rate of three kinds of materials are analyzed by tensile test. The strength and tensile rate of super ferrite S44660 are obviously better than that of titanium TA2 and copper B30.The results of Rockwell hardness test show that the HRB hardness of the three kinds of materials is similar to that of 90-100 HRB. According to the electrochemical polarization curve, the corrosion current density of titanium TA2 and super ferrite S44660 is not different from that of super ferrite S44660 in different pH, salinity and temperature. The super ferrite S44660 shows strong resistance to chlorine corrosion in high salinity, and it is the most resistant to chlorine corrosion of the three kinds of materials. The corrosion current density of B30 copper is obviously higher than that of the other two kinds of materials, which shows that the corrosion resistance of B30 copper is the worst and the corrosion is the most likely to occur in application. In this paper, the fuzzy decision theory is innovatively cited in combination with the evaluation method. Through the three criteria of safety, corrosion resistance and economy, the judgment matrix of various factors is established, and the inspection of different indexes is completed, and the matrix is calculated. The weight value of each factor is obtained and judging from the weight value it is concluded that S44660 super ferrite is the most suitable condenser tube for coastal power plant environment.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM621

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本文編號：1509617