本文關鍵詞： 衛(wèi)星遙感 多時相 大亞灣 溫排水 熱擴散　出處：《東華理工大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：核電技術給人類的能源需求帶來了很大的便捷性,但是核電站的溫排水也對核電站附近海域環(huán)境造成了很大的危害;溫排水能夠造成局部水域水體溫度急劇升高,改變自然水體的水質,從而對海洋生物造成影響,改變其生存、生長和繁殖的習性,甚至能夠造成某些生物的滅亡。因此,加強核電基地溫排水熱污染遙感監(jiān)測是保障核電站附近海域環(huán)境和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)保持正常運行的重要措施。傳統(tǒng)的核電站溫排水監(jiān)測方法主要是由沿岸的海洋站、或船舶走航、浮標定點測量,這些方法準確度高,但是數據同步性差,只能形成點數據,不能直觀反映溫度場的空間結構和時空變化特征,且費時費力,但其精度較高,是衛(wèi)星遙感技術的真實性檢驗手段和重要資料補充。熱紅外遙感溫排水監(jiān)測的基本原理是水表溫度反演,具有成本低、速度快、大面積同步觀測等優(yōu)點。隨著熱紅外遙感系統(tǒng)時空分辨率的提升,衛(wèi)星遙感將是未來核電站溫排水監(jiān)測與評價的首選技術手段。針對2009-2013年間獲取的69幅無云HJ-1B衛(wèi)星遙感數據,本研究開展了數據預處理、水陸分離、海表溫度反演和基準溫度提取,獲取了該期間大亞灣核電基地溫排水時空分布特征,研究在潮汐、風、工況和季節(jié)等因素下,溫排水熱擴散的規(guī)律,以及核電基地溫排水對大亞灣海域自然保護區(qū)的影響,同時利用2011年星地同步試驗實測數據,對文中的海表溫度反演算法進行了精度驗證。研究表明:1)溫排水的熱擴散效果受潮汐流速影響作用較大,大、中潮和自西向東的風更有利于大亞灣核電基地溫排水高溫升區(qū)水體的熱擴散;2)季節(jié)對溫排水的影響統(tǒng)計分析表明,1?C、2?C溫升區(qū)面積夏季比冬季大,夏季溫升區(qū)域面積約為冬季溫升區(qū)域面積的1.005~1.484倍;3?C、4?C高溫升區(qū)區(qū)域范圍面積夏季相比冬季要小;冬季溫升區(qū)域面積約為夏季溫升區(qū)域面積的1.003~1.491倍;3)隨著核電基地工作機組增加,總溫升面積無論是在夏季或是在冬季,都在逐漸增加,增加面積在0.7~6.3 km2,增加面積在2 km2者居多。但3、4、5、6臺工作機組的4?C溫升平均面積均在1 km2內。4)對四周環(huán)境影響分析表明,大亞灣核電基地溫排水產生的1?C溫升包絡區(qū)域有很大一部分覆蓋中部核心區(qū),2?C溫升包絡區(qū)域有少部分中部核心區(qū),3?C、4?C溫升包絡區(qū)域均不在中部核心區(qū)域;未超過《海水水質標準》(GB3097-1997)第一、二類水質目標,對核心區(qū)內動植物的生長與繁衍影響有限。
[Abstract]:Nuclear power technology has brought great convenience to the energy demand of human beings, but the temperature drainage of nuclear power station has also caused great harm to the sea environment near the nuclear power plant, and temperature drainage can cause sharp rise of water temperature in local waters. Change the water quality of natural water bodies, thereby affecting marine life, changing their habits of survival, growth and reproduction, and even causing the extinction of certain organisms. To strengthen remote sensing monitoring of thermal pollution caused by temperature drainage in nuclear power station is an important measure to ensure the environment and ecosystem of the sea near nuclear power station to maintain normal operation. The traditional monitoring method of temperature and drainage of nuclear power station is mainly carried out by offshore station or ship. The accuracy of these methods is high, but the synchronicity of data is poor. They can only form point data, and can not reflect the spatial structure and space-time variation characteristics of temperature field directly, and it is time-consuming and laborious, but its precision is high. The basic principle of thermal infrared remote sensing temperature drainage monitoring is water surface temperature inversion, which has low cost and high speed. With the improvement of space-time resolution of thermal infrared remote sensing system, satellite remote sensing will be the first choice for monitoring and evaluation of temperature and drainage in nuclear power plants in the future. According to 69 cloudless HJ-1B satellite remote sensing data obtained from 2009-2013, In this study, data preprocessing, water and land separation, sea surface temperature inversion and reference temperature extraction were carried out, and the space-time distribution characteristics of temperature and drainage in Daya Bay nuclear power base during this period were obtained, and the factors such as tide, wind, working condition and season were studied. The law of thermal diffusion of warm drainage and the influence of thermal drainage of nuclear power base on the nature reserve in Daya Bay sea area are also discussed. At the same time, the measured data of satellite and ground synchronous test on 2011 are used. The accuracy of the sea surface temperature inversion algorithm in this paper is verified. The research shows that the thermal diffusion effect of temperature drainage is greatly affected by tidal velocity. Middle tide and wind from west to east are more favorable to the thermal diffusion of water body in high temperature rising area of temperature drainage area of Daya Bay nuclear power base. C,2? C temperature rise area is larger in summer than in winter. The area of temperature rise area in summer is about 1.0051.484 times that of winter temperature rise area. C,4? The area of C high temperature rising area in summer is smaller than that in winter, and the area of temperature rise in winter is about 1.003 ~ 1. 491 times of that in summer.) with the increase of nuclear power station units, the total temperature rise area is not only in summer but also in winter. The increase area is 0.7 ~ 6.3km2, and the increase area is 2 km2. However, the number of 6 working units is 4??? The average area of C temperature rise is within 1 km2. 4) the analysis shows that the temperature drainage produced by the Daya Bay nuclear power station is 1? A large part of the C temperature rise envelop region covers the central core area. C temperature rise envelop region has a small part of the central core area of 3? C,4? The C temperature rise envelop region is not in the central core region, but does not exceed the seawater water quality standard (GB3097-1997). The first and second type water quality targets have limited influence on the growth and reproduction of animals and plants in the core area.
【學位授予單位】：東華理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X771;X87

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1501098