本文關(guān)鍵詞： 擾動傳播 WAMS 分段均勻模型 擾動到達時間 擾動定位　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：擾動是破壞電網(wǎng)安全穩(wěn)定運行的直接誘因,如何分析擾動影響的范圍、程度進而進行安全控制對于提高電網(wǎng)安全水平具有重要作用。隨著電網(wǎng)互聯(lián)節(jié)點數(shù)量的不斷增加,傳統(tǒng)分析方法基于電磁波傳遞的系統(tǒng)動態(tài)方程,不能直接給出擾動空間傳播信息,并且難以準確預(yù)測多機系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的問題。針對此問題,論文將空間信息引入描述系統(tǒng)動態(tài)的微分代數(shù)方程中,用機電波理論刻畫擾動的時空傳播機理。在揭示擾動機電波傳遞機理的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用實測PMU相量軌跡信息,辨識系統(tǒng)擾動類型、位置、發(fā)生時刻及機電波傳遞參數(shù),以針對實際擾動和辨識出的機電波傳播參數(shù),預(yù)測系統(tǒng)擾動傳播規(guī)律,提前采取安全控制措施。本論文的主要工作和創(chuàng)新點為：提出了適用于擾動傳播研究的鏈式電網(wǎng)模型與實際電網(wǎng)空間框架結(jié)構(gòu)模型。構(gòu)建了發(fā)電機的轉(zhuǎn)動慣量作用域并提出非均勻鏈式電網(wǎng)的分段均勻介質(zhì)模型,推導(dǎo)了擾動傳播方程和對應(yīng)的解析解。在鏈式電網(wǎng)的基礎(chǔ)上,提取了實際電網(wǎng)機電波傳播特征,提出了沿傳播路徑逐級對稱分布的轉(zhuǎn)動慣量處理方法,構(gòu)建了具有分段均勻參數(shù)的電網(wǎng)空間框架結(jié)構(gòu)模型,并證明了所提模型的正確性。從頻率的角度揭示了擾動在電網(wǎng)中傳播的幅值、相位變化規(guī)律。提出波動傳遞函數(shù)以定量刻畫機電波波幅、相位在離散慣量模型中的變化規(guī)律；分析了不同頻率擾動信號的傳播特性,提出了擾動傳播的轉(zhuǎn)折頻率,揭示了頻散現(xiàn)象和局部振蕩現(xiàn)象與轉(zhuǎn)折頻率的定量關(guān)系,最終為基于WAMS的擾動辨識奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。提出了一種基于WAMS數(shù)據(jù)的擾動在線定位方法。揭示了系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)時頻率的短周期波動特性及擾動到達后的單調(diào)升降特性,提出了基于滑動數(shù)據(jù)窗的機電波到達時間判別函數(shù)及判斷準則,采用Floyd算法構(gòu)建了由不同故障點擾動傳播時間組成的參考時間矩陣,利用擾動到達的時序特征提出了有序最小距離分類器辨識擾動位置。本算法大大縮小了搜索空間,能夠滿足在線應(yīng)用的要求。提出了一種擾動到達時間預(yù)測算法,為基于擾動傳播理論進行電網(wǎng)主動安全控制提供了重要決策信息。構(gòu)建了框架結(jié)構(gòu)模型對應(yīng)的無向賦權(quán)圖和以各段線路中機電波傳播時間為權(quán)值的鄰接矩陣。提出基于Dijkstra算法的擾動到達時間及最快傳播路徑搜索算法。同時,進一步分析了擾動傳播中的正、負反射現(xiàn)象對機電波到達時間的影響機理,并提出了實測擾動到達門檻值的選擇方法。
[Abstract]:Disturbance is the direct inducement to destroy the safe and stable operation of power grid. How to analyze the range of disturbance. The degree of security control plays an important role in improving the security level of power grid. With the increasing number of interconnected nodes, the traditional analysis method is based on the dynamic equation of electromagnetic wave transmission system. It is difficult to accurately predict the stability of multi-machine systems. In order to solve this problem, the spatial information is introduced into the differential algebraic equations to describe the dynamics of the system. On the basis of revealing the mechanism of electromechanical wave transmission of disturbance, the PMU phasor locus information is used to identify the disturbance type and position of the system. The time of occurrence and the parameters of electromechanical wave transmission are used to predict the disturbance propagation law of the system according to the actual disturbance and the identified electromechanical wave propagation parameters. Safety control measures should be taken in advance. The main work and innovation of this paper are as follows:. A chain power network model and a real grid spatial frame structure model are proposed for the study of disturbance propagation. The rotational inertia domain of generator is constructed and the piecewise uniform medium model of non-uniform chain power network is proposed. The perturbation propagation equation and the corresponding analytical solution are derived. Based on the chain power network, the characteristics of electromechanical wave propagation are extracted, and the rotational inertia processing method is proposed, which is distributed symmetrically step by step along the propagation path. The spatial frame structure model with piecewise uniform parameters is constructed, and the correctness of the proposed model is proved. The amplitude of disturbance propagating in the power network is revealed from the angle of frequency. The wave transfer function is proposed to describe the amplitude of electromechanical wave and the variation of phase in discrete inertia model. The propagation characteristics of disturbance signals with different frequencies are analyzed and the transition frequency of disturbance propagation is proposed. The quantitative relationship between frequency dispersion phenomenon and local oscillation phenomenon and turning frequency is revealed. Finally, the theoretical foundation of disturbance identification based on WAMS is established. A disturbance on-line location method based on WAMS data is proposed. The short-period fluctuation characteristics of steady state frequency and the single disturbance after arrival are revealed. Adjust up and down characteristics. Based on the sliding data window, the time of arrival (DOA) of electromechanical wave is determined and the Floyd algorithm is used to construct the reference time matrix which is composed of the disturbance propagation time of different fault points. An ordered minimum distance classifier is proposed to identify the disturbance location using the time-series feature of disturbance arrival. The search space is greatly reduced by this algorithm. It can meet the requirements of online applications. A disturbance time of arrival prediction algorithm is proposed. This paper provides important decision information for active security control of power network based on disturbance propagation theory. The undirected weighted graph corresponding to frame structure model and the adjacent matrix with the weight of electromechanical wave propagation time in each transmission line are constructed. The Dijkstra algorithm based on the disturbance arrival time and the fastest path search algorithm is proposed. At the same time. Furthermore, the influence mechanism of positive and negative reflection on the arrival time of electromechanical wave is analyzed, and the method of selecting the threshold of disturbance arrival is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM712

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