發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-01 18:54

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng) 最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤 分?jǐn)?shù)階微分 坐標(biāo)變換 擾動(dòng)觀察法 跟蹤效率　出處：《桂林電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在全球面臨環(huán)境污染和能源危機(jī)的雙重壓力下，太陽能因其儲(chǔ)量大、無污染、不受地域限制等優(yōu)點(diǎn)正在成為世界能源組成中的重要部分。在太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中，提高光伏陣列的轉(zhuǎn)換效率是需要解決的核心問題之一，采用最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤（Maximum Power Point Tracking，MPPT)技術(shù)可以有效解決這一問題。在MPPT控制中存在兩個(gè)相互矛盾的問題：響應(yīng)速度和跟蹤精度，目前的研究主要集中在如何調(diào)整步長平衡這兩個(gè)問題。該論文針對(duì)以上問題，立足于現(xiàn)有研究成果和技術(shù)，主要從以下幾個(gè)方面對(duì)光伏發(fā)電MPPT算法進(jìn)行了研究： （1）提出基于分?jǐn)?shù)階微分補(bǔ)償?shù)臄_動(dòng)觀察MPPT算法，在保證響應(yīng)速度的前提下提高了跟蹤精度。在擾動(dòng)觀察法微分判斷條件的前提下，引入具有獨(dú)有特性的分?jǐn)?shù)階微分，將其作為一階純微分的輔助新信息加入判斷條件。提出一階純微分與分?jǐn)?shù)階微分結(jié)合的方法，利用分?jǐn)?shù)階微分的濾波特性，，有效地削弱功率振蕩，克服跟蹤精度與響應(yīng)速度不能同時(shí)兼顧的缺點(diǎn)。同時(shí)給出所提出算法的直觀理論分析。仿真結(jié)果表明，所提出的算法能有效地減小穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行時(shí)的固有振蕩，減少跟蹤過程中的功率損失，提高算法的跟蹤效率。 （2）提出基于坐標(biāo)變換的變步長擾動(dòng)觀察MPPT算法，在保證跟蹤精度的前提下提高了響應(yīng)速度。以光伏陣列輸出特性曲線的最大功率點(diǎn)電壓為基準(zhǔn)，分別對(duì)其兩側(cè)電壓坐標(biāo)進(jìn)行自然對(duì)數(shù)變換。利用自然對(duì)數(shù)非線性遞增的特性，對(duì)光伏陣列輸出特性曲線進(jìn)行不等比例地壓縮，實(shí)現(xiàn)步長隨實(shí)時(shí)電壓調(diào)整的變步長跟蹤。仿真結(jié)果表明，所提出的控制算法可以實(shí)現(xiàn)快速起動(dòng)，并能快速準(zhǔn)確地跟蹤外界環(huán)境變化，提高了光伏陣列的利用率。 （3）在光伏系統(tǒng)MPPT實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)上對(duì)所提出的基于分?jǐn)?shù)階微分補(bǔ)償?shù)臄_動(dòng)觀察MPPT算法進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，并與傳統(tǒng)擾動(dòng)觀察法進(jìn)行綜合性能比較。實(shí)驗(yàn)分為室內(nèi)模擬光伏陣列實(shí)驗(yàn)和室外普通光伏陣列實(shí)驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，在兩種實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境下所提出的基于分?jǐn)?shù)階微分補(bǔ)償?shù)臄_動(dòng)觀察法比傳統(tǒng)的擾動(dòng)觀察法在穩(wěn)態(tài)性能上均有明顯的提高。
[Abstract]:Under the double pressure of global environmental pollution and energy crisis, solar energy has no pollution due to its large reserves. In the solar photovoltaic power generation system, improving the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic arrays is one of the core problems to be solved. Maximum Power Point Tracking was used. MPPT can effectively solve this problem. There are two contradictory problems in MPPT control: response speed and tracking accuracy. The current research focuses on how to adjust the balance of step size. This paper aims at the above problems, based on the existing research results and technologies. The MPPT algorithm of photovoltaic power generation is studied from the following aspects: 1) A disturbance observation MPPT algorithm based on fractional differential compensation is proposed, which improves the tracking accuracy under the premise of ensuring the response speed. The fractional differential with unique characteristics is introduced and added to the judgment condition as the auxiliary new information of the first order pure differential. The method of combining the first order pure differential with the fractional differential is proposed, and the filtering characteristic of the fractional differential is used. It effectively weakens the power oscillation and overcomes the shortcoming that the tracking accuracy and the response speed can not be taken into account simultaneously. At the same time, the intuitive theoretical analysis of the proposed algorithm is given, and the simulation results show that. The proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the inherent oscillation while running stably, reduce the power loss in the tracking process, and improve the tracking efficiency of the algorithm. (2) A variable step-size observation MPPT algorithm based on coordinate transformation is proposed, which improves the response speed while ensuring the tracking accuracy. The maximum power point voltage of the output characteristic curve of photovoltaic array is taken as the reference. The natural logarithmic transformation of the voltage coordinates on both sides of the photovoltaic array is carried out, and the output characteristic curve of the photovoltaic array is compressed in varying proportions by using the natural logarithmic nonlinear increasing characteristic. The simulation results show that the proposed control algorithm can realize fast start and track the change of external environment quickly and accurately. The utilization ratio of photovoltaic array is improved. 3) the proposed perturbation observation MPPT algorithm based on fractional differential compensation is verified on the photovoltaic system MPPT experimental platform. The experiment is divided into indoor simulated photovoltaic array experiment and outdoor common photovoltaic array experiment. The experimental results show that. The perturbation observation method based on fractional differential compensation proposed in two experimental environments is better than the traditional perturbation observation method in steady-state performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：桂林電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM615

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳歡;張興;譚理華;;擾動(dòng)觀察法能量損耗研究[J];電力電子技術(shù);2010年04期

2 蔡明想;姜希猛;謝巍;;改進(jìn)的電導(dǎo)增量法在光伏系統(tǒng)MPPT中的應(yīng)用[J];電氣傳動(dòng);2011年07期

3 焦陽;宋強(qiáng);劉文華;;光伏電池實(shí)用仿真模型及光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)仿真[J];電網(wǎng)技術(shù);2010年11期

4 侯世英;殷忠寧;薛原;曾鵬;;獨(dú)立光伏系統(tǒng)恒壓工作模式下最優(yōu)工作區(qū)的選擇[J];電網(wǎng)技術(shù);2012年06期

5 劉春堂;田建設(shè);李艷春;齊肖彬;;基于零步長的擾動(dòng)觀察法與dP-P&O聯(lián)合MPPT法[J];華東電力;2011年10期

6 曾志;李益國;沈炯;;基于滑模極值搜索-PI復(fù)合控制的光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤仿真研究[J];華東電力;2012年09期

7 張碧陶;皮佑國;;基于分?jǐn)?shù)階滑�？刂萍夹g(shù)的永磁同步電機(jī)控制[J];控制理論與應(yīng)用;2012年09期

8 王云亮;常雪蓮;;神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)在光伏發(fā)電MPPT的應(yīng)用研究[J];化工自動(dòng)化及儀表;2013年01期

9 周德佳;趙爭鳴;吳理博;袁立強(qiáng);孫曉瑛;;基于仿真模型的太陽能光伏電池陣列特性的分析[J];清華大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2007年07期

10 趙元英,袁曉,滕旭東,魏永豪;常用周期信號(hào)的分?jǐn)?shù)階微分運(yùn)算[J];四川大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(工程科學(xué)版);2004年02期

本文編號(hào)：1482611