本文關鍵詞： 備自投裝置 電能質量 S7-200PLC GPRS　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古科技大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的雙電源備自投裝置大多由繼電器、接觸器及相應硬件連接組成，根據(jù)不同的運行要求構成備自投回路，價格便宜但裝置體積大、開關動作慢、觸點易損壞，很大程度的影響供電的連續(xù)性和穩(wěn)定性；又由于自身功能少、靈活性差的缺點，現(xiàn)今電力系統(tǒng)的規(guī)模日漸變大、結構日漸復雜，性能要求也越來越高，傳統(tǒng)的備自投裝置已經(jīng)不太實用。 本論文針對傳統(tǒng)備自投裝置的各種弊端進行研究，設計了由S7-200PLC控制的完整的備自投系統(tǒng)，選擇具有Modbus通訊協(xié)議的智能電能測量儀和智能斷路器，用于測量供電電源的電能參數(shù)和控制備用電源的投切，并通過Profibus-Dp網(wǎng)絡將實時數(shù)據(jù)交換到本地監(jiān)控站�，F(xiàn)場總線的使用取代傳統(tǒng)點對點的硬件接線，，使通訊穩(wěn)定可靠，保障供電質量的同時提高供電系統(tǒng)的自動化水平。設計中，為解決企業(yè)遠距離辦公中心對現(xiàn)場供電系統(tǒng)運行情況、配電參數(shù)難以監(jiān)控的問題，創(chuàng)造性的采用GPRS無線通訊方式，將現(xiàn)場系統(tǒng)的實時數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)奖O(jiān)控中心，并顯示在WinCC監(jiān)控畫面中，工作人員通過在監(jiān)控畫面上的簡單操作實現(xiàn)對現(xiàn)場設備的遠距離操控。 本設計主要從以下幾點進行詳細研究： （1）雙電源備自投系統(tǒng)的設計。主要包括備自投控制系統(tǒng)的電源供給、工作模式和工作方式。其中工作方式中的控制規(guī)則是備自投裝置投切必須遵循的原則，也是系統(tǒng)軟、硬件設計時的關鍵。備自投裝置的工作方式有明備用和暗備用兩種，本設計中的備自投裝置正常情況下工作在暗備用方式。在系統(tǒng)軟件設計中同時有暗備用和明備用的控制程序，僅改動少許外部的硬件接線，便可改變備自投的工作方式，提高了設備的可移植性。 （2）系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)絡結構及網(wǎng)絡配置。本監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)主要由遠程監(jiān)控站、GPRS無線通訊網(wǎng)絡、本地監(jiān)控站、現(xiàn)場設備及終端站組成。系統(tǒng)根據(jù)各組成部分的功能不同，配置的不同的軟、硬件。 （3）系統(tǒng)的軟、硬件的實現(xiàn)。為了節(jié)省設計成本，在每個坑口變電站的兩個變壓器的二次側均安裝由電壓互感器和電壓繼電器組成的檢測電路，對兩路進線電源的電壓狀態(tài)進行檢測，通過本機集成的I/O口采集到PLC中。三個智能斷路器通過Modbus網(wǎng)絡將其合、分閘狀態(tài)信號上傳到PLC；安裝在兩低壓母線上的智能電能測量儀通過Modbus網(wǎng)絡分別將各自母線上的配電參數(shù)上傳到PLC中，主要包括電壓、電流、有功功率、無功功率和功率因數(shù)。S7-200PLC通過這些數(shù)據(jù)判斷供電電源正常與否，進而通過Modbus網(wǎng)絡發(fā)出信號控制智能斷路器的通斷。PLC通過EM277經(jīng)過Profibus-Dp網(wǎng)絡將實時數(shù)據(jù)交換到本地監(jiān)控站，并顯示在本地PC機上的WinCC監(jiān)控畫面上。與此同時，PLC通過無線通訊模塊MD720-3將數(shù)據(jù)傳遞給GPRS公網(wǎng)，進而在遠程監(jiān)控PC機的WinCC上顯示出來。 本監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)以S7-200PLC為控制器，使供電系統(tǒng)既可以工作在暗備用方式也可以工作在明備用方式，在本地監(jiān)控站和遠程監(jiān)控站的監(jiān)控畫面上，監(jiān)視每個坑口變電站供電電源的實時配電參數(shù)、各斷路器工作狀態(tài)、故障報警記錄等，以及選擇手動、自投自復或者自投不自復模式。使得企業(yè)供電電源的連續(xù)性和穩(wěn)定性得到了保障，實現(xiàn)對系統(tǒng)的有效監(jiān)控。
[Abstract]:The traditional dual power automatic switching device mostly by relays, contactors and corresponding hardware connected, according to the different requirements of operation constitute autorestart loop, cheap but large volume of the device, switch to slow, easy contact damage, affect the continuity and stability of power supply greatly; and because of its less functional flexibility the shortcomings of current power system scale becomes larger, the structure is more complex, the performance requirements are also getting higher and higher, the traditional automaticswitchoverdevice is not very practical.
Aiming at the disadvantages of conventional lbtz were studied, designed by the S7-200PLC to control the complete autorestart system with Modbus communication protocol of the intelligent power meter and intelligent circuit breaker, power supply for the measurement of power parameters and control standby power switching, and through Profibus-Dp network the real-time data exchange to the local monitoring station. Using the field bus to replace the traditional point to point wiring of hardware, the communication is stable and reliable, ensure the quality of power supply and improve the automation level of the power supply system. In the design, in order to solve the enterprise remote office center on the site operation of power supply system, power distribution parameters monitoring difficult problem, creative the use of GPRS wireless communication system, the real-time data transmission to the monitoring center, and displayed on the WinCC monitor screen, the staff through the monitor screen The remote control of the field equipment is realized by the simple operation.
This design is mainly studied from the following points:
(1) double power supply self design investment system. Mainly includes auto switching power supply control system, work mode and work mode. The control rules of work is prepared from the cast devlce must follow the principle of system software and hardware design is the key, the automaticswitchoverdevice work. Have two spare spare Ming and dark, this design automaticswitchoverdevice normally work in the standby mode. The control program at the same time dark dark and spare spare Ming in the software design of the system, only a little change of external hardware connection, they can change autorestart work, improve equipment the portability.
(2) the network structure and network configuration of the system. The monitoring system is mainly composed of remote monitoring station, GPRS wireless communication network, local monitoring station, field equipment and terminal station. The system has different soft and hardware configurations according to the functions of each component.
(3) the system software and hardware implementation. In order to save the design cost, detection circuit composed of a voltage transformer and voltage relay are installed on the two side of the two transformer substation of each pit, to detect the voltage state of the two power lines into the collection, from the PLC to the machine set into the I/O three. Intelligent circuit breaker will be through the Modbus network, the separating state signal uploaded to PLC; installed in two on the low voltage bus intelligent power meter through the Modbus network will upload their distribution parameters respectively in the bus to PLC, including voltage, current, active power, reactive power and the power factor.S7-200PLC through these data to determine the power supply is normal or not, and then through the Modbus network signal control circuit breaker intelligent on-off.PLC by EM277 after Profibus-Dp network data exchange to the local monitoring station, and It is displayed on the WinCC monitoring screen on the local PC. At the same time, PLC transfers data to the GPRS public network through the wireless communication module MD720-3, and then displays it on the WinCC of remote monitoring PC machine.
The monitoring system based on S7-200PLC controller, the power supply system can not only work can also work in the Ming Dynasty in the dark standby mode standby mode, in the local monitoring station and the remote monitoring station on the monitor screen, real-time monitoring of each substation pit distribution parameters of power supply, the circuit breaker status, fault alarm record, and manual selection automatic recovery, or since the vote no longer makes mode. The continuity and stability of the power supply enterprises are guaranteed to achieve effective control of the system.

【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM762.1;TP277

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