本文關(guān)鍵詞： 可再生能源組合標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 上網(wǎng)電價(jià)補(bǔ)貼 市場(chǎng)壟斷程度 經(jīng)濟(jì)自由度 市場(chǎng)規(guī)模　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：可再生能源一直是能源領(lǐng)域乃至整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的一個(gè)重要話題,而兩種促進(jìn)可再生能源發(fā)展的制度,即可再生能源組合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和上網(wǎng)電價(jià)補(bǔ)貼之間的比較也引起了很多能源經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域?qū)W者的興趣。由于制度比較問題難以量化,之前研究的主要方法是定性研究。但也有少數(shù)學(xué)者運(yùn)用數(shù)學(xué)手段,比如Witzman(1974)證明了可再生能源的某些數(shù)學(xué)特征,比如曲率,會(huì)對(duì)這兩種制度的比較結(jié)果產(chǎn)生影響。本文的特點(diǎn)是采用了一定的定量分析技術(shù),而研究的重點(diǎn)也放在了一些市場(chǎng)特征對(duì)制度比較結(jié)果的影響。首先是在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析部分,引入斯塔科爾伯格模型,并設(shè)定模型的初始參與者包括政府和兩個(gè)廠商,因而模型包括兩步博弈,第一步是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者廠商和追隨者廠商的博弈,第二步是政府和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者廠商的博弈。并且結(jié)合經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的定性分析方法,本文認(rèn)為上網(wǎng)電價(jià)補(bǔ)貼在引入市場(chǎng)新進(jìn)入者方面有很多的優(yōu)勢(shì),因而靜態(tài)的來看,這種制度在促進(jìn)可再生能源發(fā)展方面更有優(yōu)勢(shì)。另外,本文還認(rèn)為,一些市場(chǎng)特征,包括經(jīng)濟(jì)自由度、壟斷程度以及市場(chǎng)規(guī)�？赡軐�(duì)制度的效果產(chǎn)生影響。在實(shí)證分析部分,筆者使用了歐盟的面板數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析部分的結(jié)論進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。實(shí)證結(jié)果表明：第一,上網(wǎng)電價(jià)補(bǔ)貼至少在八年的時(shí)間跨度內(nèi)是優(yōu)于可再生能源組合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的；第二,市場(chǎng)自由度和市場(chǎng)規(guī)模與可再生能源發(fā)展存在正相關(guān)的關(guān)系,并且后者的結(jié)果是穩(wěn)健的；第三,市場(chǎng)壟斷程度越高就越有利于可再生能源組合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)揮效力,而對(duì)上網(wǎng)電價(jià)補(bǔ)貼效力的影響則相反。在政策建議部分,筆者結(jié)合中國(guó)的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況和本文的研究結(jié)果,認(rèn)為中國(guó)應(yīng)該以上網(wǎng)電價(jià)補(bǔ)貼制度為主要支持政策,而可再生能源組合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為輔助支持政策。
[Abstract]:Renewable energy has always been an important topic in the field of energy and even the whole economic system, and two systems to promote the development of renewable energy. The comparison between renewable energy combination standards and tariff subsidies has also attracted the interest of many scholars in the field of energy economics. It is difficult to quantify the problem of institutional comparison. The main method of previous research is qualitative research, but a few scholars use mathematical methods, such as Witzmang 1974, to prove certain mathematical characteristics of renewable energy, such as curvature. Will have an impact on the results of the two systems. The characteristics of this paper is the use of a certain quantitative analysis technology. The focus of the study is also on the impact of some market characteristics on the results of institutional comparison. Firstly, in the part of economic analysis, the Stackelberg model is introduced. And the initial participants of the model include the government and two manufacturers, so the model includes two stages of game, the first step is the game between the leader firm and the follower firm. The second step is the game between the government and the leading manufacturer. And combined with the qualitative analysis method of economics, this paper thinks that the subsidies of Internet electricity price have a lot of advantages in introducing new entrants to the market, so it can be seen statically. This system has more advantages in promoting the development of renewable energy. In addition, this paper also believes that some market characteristics, including economic freedom. The degree of monopoly and market size may have an impact on the effectiveness of the system. In the empirical analysis, the author uses the panel data of the European Union. The conclusions in the part of economic analysis are verified. The empirical results show that: first, the subsidy of electricity price is superior to the renewable energy combination standard in at least eight years; Second, there is a positive correlation between the market freedom and market size and the development of renewable energy, and the results of the latter are robust; Third, the higher the degree of market monopoly, the more conducive to the effectiveness of renewable energy portfolio standards, while the opposite effect on the effectiveness of electricity price subsidies on the Internet. In the policy recommendations section. Combined with the reality of China and the research results of this paper, the author thinks that China should take the electricity price subsidy system as the main supporting policy, and the renewable energy mix standard as the supplementary support policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61;F812.45

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