本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于碳納米管—石墨烯—泡沫鎳三維復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的超級電容器電極制備與性能　出處：《南京郵電大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 碳納米管 石墨烯 二氧化錳 聚苯胺 三維復(fù)合材料 超級電容器

【摘要】：超級電容器作為一種新能源技術(shù)，，在電子產(chǎn)品和車載電源等領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用潛力，受到人們的日益重視。而電極材料是超級電容器的核心，對于超級電容器的未來發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。碳材料由于其具備比表面積大、導(dǎo)電性好以及低成本等特點而成為超級電容器理想的電極材料。近年來，隨著富勒烯、碳納米管和石墨烯的陸續(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，使碳納米材料成為當(dāng)今的熱門研究領(lǐng)域。其中，碳納米管-石墨烯雜化結(jié)構(gòu)，擁有優(yōu)良的面外電荷輸運性能，并保持了原有構(gòu)建單元的單體特征，有效地解決了一維碳納米管和二維石墨烯的熱與電子傳輸?shù)姆较蛞蕾囆院洼^低的面外傳導(dǎo)性，呈現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的協(xié)同效應(yīng)是一種具有極大發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ男滦湍茉床牧�。我們課題提出通過兩步CVD法制備出碳納米管-石墨烯-泡沫鎳（CNT-graphene-Ni）三維結(jié)構(gòu)，對其表面的化學(xué)性質(zhì)、功能化、電化學(xué)性能和潛在應(yīng)用進行了初步的探索。在本論文中，我們以CNT-graphene-Ni為電極平臺，通過溫和化學(xué)沉積方法和電化學(xué)沉積方法，在碳納米管-石墨烯雜化材料上（主要為碳納米管上）負(fù)載MnO2和PANI等法拉第電容材料，構(gòu)建金屬氧化物或?qū)щ娋酆衔�、碳納米管和石墨烯的多級結(jié)構(gòu)，對MnO2和PANI等活性物質(zhì)的負(fù)載量及納米結(jié)構(gòu)進行優(yōu)化，取得了較好的進展，具體成果如下： 1.以泡沫鎳（Ni foam）作為基底，無水乙醇作為前驅(qū)體，通過兩步化學(xué)氣相沉積過程制備CNT-graphene-Ni三維復(fù)合材料，再通過溫和化學(xué)沉積法，在CNTs的表面負(fù)載一層MnO2，制備出MnO2-CNT-graphene-Ni三維復(fù)合材料。該電極材料擁有碳材料良好的導(dǎo)電性和金屬氧化物較大的比電容等優(yōu)點，采用了兩電極測試體系對復(fù)合材料的電容性能進行測試，其比電容值達251F/g。同時，將此復(fù)合材料制成柔性電容器，充電后能夠點亮LED燈，經(jīng)過電化學(xué)測試發(fā)現(xiàn)也具有很好的電容性能。 2.除了將金屬氧化物與碳材料復(fù)合提高電容外，還可以利用導(dǎo)電聚合物具備高比電容值這一特點，將其與碳納米材料復(fù)合。在CNT-graphene-Ni電極平臺上，我們采用電化學(xué)沉積的方法制備出PANI-CNT-graphene-Ni電極材料，并研究不同電沉積時間對材料形貌和性能的影響。三電極測試體系測試結(jié)果表明該復(fù)合材料作為電極材料具備良好的超級電容器性能，在電流密度為2.0A/g下的比電容值最大可達219F/g。
[Abstract]:As a new energy technology, supercapacitor has wide application potential in electronic products and on-board power supply and has been paid more and more attention. Electrode material is the core of supercapacitor. Carbon is an ideal electrode material for supercapacitors due to its large specific surface area, good conductivity and low cost. In recent years, with fullerene. The discovery of carbon nanotubes and graphene has made carbon nanomaterials a hot research field. Among them, carbon nanotube-graphene hybrid structure has excellent out-of-plane charge transport properties. It also maintains the monomer characteristics of the original building units and effectively solves the directional dependence of heat and electron transport and the low out-of-plane conductivity of one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and two-dimensional graphene. The excellent synergistic effect is a new energy material with great potential. We propose to prepare carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-graphene-nickel foams by two-step CVD method. CNT-graphene-Ni3D structure. The surface chemical properties, functionalization, electrochemical properties and potential applications were preliminarily explored. In this paper, we use CNT-graphene-Ni as the electrode platform. By means of mild chemical deposition and electrochemical deposition, Faraday capacitors such as MnO2 and PANI were loaded on carbon nanotube-graphene hybrid materials (mainly carbon nanotubes). The multilevel structure of metal oxide or conductive polymer carbon nanotubes and graphene was constructed and the loading amount and nanostructure of active substances such as MnO2 and PANI were optimized and good progress was made. The results are as follows: 1. Three-dimensional CNT-graphene-Ni composites were prepared by two-step chemical vapor deposition with nickel foamed nickel foams as substrate and anhydrous ethanol as precursor. Then a layer of MnO2 was loaded on the surface of CNTs by mild chemical deposition. MnO2-CNT-graphene-Ni three-dimensional composites were prepared. The electrode material has the advantages of good electrical conductivity of carbon materials and large specific capacitance of metal oxides. The capacitance performance of the composite was tested with a two-electrode test system. The specific capacitance of the composite was up to 251F / g. At the same time, the composite was made into a flexible capacitor, which could light up the LED lamp after charging. The electrochemical test also shows that it has good capacitance performance. 2. In addition to the composite of metal oxides and carbon materials to improve the capacitance, we can also take advantage of the conductive polymer has the characteristics of high specific capacitance value. Composite it with carbon nano-materials on CNT-graphene-Ni electrode platform. PANI-CNT-graphene-Ni electrode materials were prepared by electrochemical deposition. The effects of different electrodeposition time on the morphology and properties of the composite were studied. The results of three-electrode test system showed that the composite had good supercapacitor performance as electrode material. When the current density is 2.0 A / g, the maximum specific capacitance is 219F / g.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM53

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