本文關(guān)鍵詞：聚合物太陽電池性能優(yōu)化：活性層、電子傳輸層及其表面修飾　出處：《南開大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 聚合物太陽電池 退火 電子傳輸層 陷光 表面修飾

【摘要】：隨著石化能源的日益耗盡以及給環(huán)境帶來的污染,能源危機(jī)已經(jīng)成為了人類面臨的最大問題。太陽能電池以半導(dǎo)體材料為媒介,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)光能與電能的直接轉(zhuǎn)換,成為了近年來眾多領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。其中,有機(jī)聚合物太陽電池(Polymer solar cells, PSCs)以其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢,如材料來源廣泛,可通過分子設(shè)計(jì)化學(xué)合成我們所需要的具有特定性能的材料；質(zhì)量輕,可與柔性襯底相兼容；電池制備工藝簡單,無需復(fù)雜真空設(shè)備,通過旋轉(zhuǎn)涂膜,噴墨打印以及絲網(wǎng)印刷等方法進(jìn)行大面積廉價生產(chǎn),具有巨大的市場競爭力以及商業(yè)化開發(fā)潛力。但是,PSCs的能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率(Power conversion efficiency, PCE)與無機(jī)半導(dǎo)體電池還有較大差距,因此,當(dāng)前對于PSCs的研究仍圍繞著提高PCE開展。 本論文針對目前PSCs存在的問題,圍繞著提高其PCE開展研究工作,通過以下四個方面對PSCs進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,主要研究內(nèi)容及成果如下： 1.提出后附加退火方法,對室溫空氣條件下制備的P3HT:PCBM電池進(jìn)行處理。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),后附加退火方法能夠提高P3HT的結(jié)晶度,同時有效控制PCBM的生長和擴(kuò)散,使P3HT與PCBM之間形成良好的互穿網(wǎng)絡(luò),從而有利于電荷的傳輸與抽取,使活性層吸收峰增強(qiáng)并發(fā)生紅移,短路電流得到提高,電池效率得到有效提升。 2.采用溶膠凝膠方法制備ZnO薄膜,通過調(diào)節(jié)退火速率從而獲得具有不同表面形貌和光學(xué)特性的ZnO薄膜,并將這些ZnO薄膜作為電子傳輸層制備了倒結(jié)構(gòu)聚合物太陽電池(Inverted polymer solar cells, IPSCs)。結(jié)果表明,與快速退火速率相比,慢退火速率(3℃/min)制備得到的ZnO薄膜表面均勻且連續(xù)性好,在倒結(jié)構(gòu)電池中與活性層之間接觸緊密,同時還具備一定的散光能力可有效增加光吸收,從而提高電池效率。 3.制備絨面鋁摻雜ZnO (AZO)薄膜,并以其作為電子傳輸層制備具有陷光效應(yīng)的倒結(jié)構(gòu)聚合物太陽電池。從理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)兩方面對絨面AZO薄膜的陷光機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明絨面AZO薄膜可促進(jìn)活性層在近紫外-藍(lán)光波長范圍內(nèi)的光吸收,提升電池短路電流。與平面AZO薄膜電池相比,絨面AZO電池性能提高17.6%。 4.引入水溶性聚合物聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作為AZO電子傳輸層的表面修飾層,增強(qiáng)了AZO在300-750nm波長范圍內(nèi)的光學(xué)透過率,降低AZO功函數(shù)。實(shí)驗(yàn)證明PVP修飾層能夠顯著提高AZO與活性層之間接觸質(zhì)量,減少載流子符合,大幅提高電池填充因子,通過進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化空穴傳輸層W03,,倒結(jié)構(gòu)P3HT:PCBM電池效率達(dá)到4.6%。
[Abstract]:With the increasing depletion of fossil energy and environmental pollution caused by energy crisis has become one of the biggest problems facing mankind. The solar cell in the semiconductor material as the medium, can realize the direct conversion of light energy and electric energy, has become a hot research in recent years in many areas. Among them, organic polymer solar cells (Polymer solar cells. PSCs) with its unique advantages, such as wide material source, through the molecular design of chemical synthesis we need with specific properties of materials; the quality of light, can be compatible with a flexible substrate; the battery preparation process is simple, no complicated vacuum equipment, through spin coating, ink jet printing and screen printing methods the area of cheap production, has great market competitiveness and commercial development potential. However, the energy conversion efficiency of PSCs (Power conversion efficiency, PCE) and semi inorganic There is still a big gap in the conductor battery, so the current research on PSCs is still around the improvement of PCE.
Aiming at the problems of PSCs at present, this paper focuses on improving the research work of PCE, and optimizes PSCs through the following four aspects. The main research contents and achievements are as follows:
1. proposed additional annealing methods on room temperature air condition system of P3HT:PCBM battery were processed. The study found that after the additional annealing method can improve the crystallinity of P3HT, and effectively control the growth and spread of PCBM, so that the formation of good interpenetrating network between P3HT and PCBM, which is beneficial to the transmission and taking charge. The active layer absorption is enhanced and the red shift, the short-circuit current increases, the battery efficiency can be effectively improved.
2. by sol-gel method to prepare ZnO films by adjusting the annealing rate to obtain ZnO films with different surface morphology and optical properties, and these ZnO films as the electron transport layer prepared by inverted structure of polymer solar cells (Inverted polymer solar cells, IPSCs). The results show that, compared with the fast annealing rate, slow back rate of fire (3 degrees /min) the surface of ZnO films prepared by uniform and good continuity, but in the structure of battery with the active layer in close contact, but also have certain ability of astigmatism can effectively increase the light absorption, so as to improve the efficiency of the battery.
3. preparation of textured Al doped ZnO (AZO) thin film, and used as electron transport layer prepared with inverted polymer solar cell structure light trapping effect was studied. The light trapping mechanism of textured AZO thin films from two aspects of theory and experiment. The results showed that the textured AZO films can promote the active layer in near ultraviolet blue light in the wavelength range of light absorption, enhance the short-circuit current. Compared with the planar AZO thin film battery, AZO battery to improve the performance of 17.6%. pile
4. introduction of water soluble polymer polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as electron transport layer AZO surface modification layer, enhanced AZO in the wavelength range of 300-750nm optical transmission, reduce the work function of AZO. The experiment proved that PVP modified layer can significantly improve the AZO and active layer between the contact quality, reduce the carrier with a substantial increase in battery the fill factor, by further optimization of hole transport layer W03, inverted structure of P3HT:PCBM cells reached 4.6%. efficiency

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM914.4

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