本文關(guān)鍵詞：微電網(wǎng)電源容量優(yōu)化配置與最優(yōu)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的模型和算法研究　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 微電網(wǎng) 容量優(yōu)化配置 最優(yōu)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行 啟發(fā)式調(diào)整策略 需求側(cè)響應(yīng)

【摘要】：隨著全球能源和環(huán)境問題日益突出，以風(fēng)能、太陽能為代表的新能源的開發(fā)和利用越來越受到關(guān)注。然而，風(fēng)力發(fā)電和太陽能發(fā)電出力具有隨機(jī)性和間歇性等特點(diǎn)，大規(guī)模接入后容易對(duì)電網(wǎng)造成較大的擾動(dòng)。微電網(wǎng)作為單一可控的單元，方便了多種分布式電源的接入和管理，以其靈活、智能控制的特點(diǎn)為新能源的開發(fā)和利用提供了一種良好的途徑。微電網(wǎng)電源容量優(yōu)化配置是微電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)階段的重要工作，對(duì)提高系統(tǒng)供電可靠性和運(yùn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)性具有重要意義；而微電網(wǎng)最優(yōu)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行分析是保證微電網(wǎng)安全、可靠性、經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的保障。本文受國家電網(wǎng)公司科技項(xiàng)目“間歇式可再生能源海島電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行技術(shù)研究及工程示范”的資助，對(duì)微電網(wǎng)電源容量優(yōu)化配置、安全經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行以及電價(jià)優(yōu)化等問題開展了一系列的研究工作。 計(jì)及環(huán)保成本、棄風(fēng)懲罰費(fèi)用以及儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備壽命和可靠性等因素，分別以總成本最小和棄風(fēng)懲罰費(fèi)用最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù)，建立了孤立微電網(wǎng)電源容量多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化配置模型。采用自適應(yīng)遺傳算法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解，并進(jìn)一步分析了棄風(fēng)懲罰費(fèi)用和可靠性約束對(duì)孤立風(fēng)/儲(chǔ)/微燃機(jī)微電網(wǎng)電源容量優(yōu)化配置結(jié)果的影響。算例分析表明：棄風(fēng)懲罰費(fèi)用對(duì)微電網(wǎng)電源容量優(yōu)化配置結(jié)果具有較大影響，在實(shí)際微電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃中需考慮棄風(fēng)懲罰費(fèi)用的影響；在進(jìn)行微電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃時(shí)，還需考慮可靠性約束的影響，根據(jù)用戶對(duì)可靠性的要求，在可靠性和投資間進(jìn)行權(quán)衡。 以孤立型微電網(wǎng)和并網(wǎng)型微電網(wǎng)為研究對(duì)象，研究了鉛酸蓄電池充放電深度和次數(shù)對(duì)其壽命的影響并折算為經(jīng)濟(jì)成本；針對(duì)風(fēng)電機(jī)組出力間歇性對(duì)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行備用的影響，采用概率約束反映旋轉(zhuǎn)備用配置的置信水平，分別建立了孤立微電網(wǎng)和并網(wǎng)微電網(wǎng)最優(yōu)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行模型。選用粒子群算法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解，為提高算法迭代過程中可行解的產(chǎn)生效率，提出了一種啟發(fā)式的常規(guī)機(jī)組出力和儲(chǔ)能充放電調(diào)整策略。分別以孤立微電網(wǎng)和并網(wǎng)微電網(wǎng)為例進(jìn)行算例分析，驗(yàn)證了所提模型和算法的正確性和有效性，并進(jìn)一步討論了鉛酸蓄電池壽命損耗成本、旋轉(zhuǎn)備用配置、電源出力調(diào)整策略等對(duì)最優(yōu)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行計(jì)劃的影響。 研究用戶對(duì)分時(shí)電價(jià)的響應(yīng)特性，基于消費(fèi)者心理學(xué)原理建立用戶負(fù)荷對(duì)分時(shí)電價(jià)的響應(yīng)特性曲線；在前述微電網(wǎng)最優(yōu)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行模型的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步計(jì)入用戶需求側(cè)響應(yīng)的影響，以供電企業(yè)效益最大化為目標(biāo)，以需求側(cè)響應(yīng)下峰谷分時(shí)電價(jià)為決策變量，建立了基于用戶需求側(cè)響應(yīng)和微電網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的電價(jià)優(yōu)化模型。該模型可用于求解給定時(shí)段內(nèi)（如一天內(nèi)）最佳峰谷分時(shí)電價(jià)，為微電網(wǎng)電價(jià)制定提供量化決策依據(jù)。算例分析表明，基于該電價(jià)優(yōu)化模型，可在不增加用戶購電成本的條件下，降低微電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行成本，，提高供電企業(yè)收益。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent global energy and environmental problems, the development and utilization of new energy, represented by wind energy and solar energy, has been paid more and more attention. Wind power generation and solar power generation have the characteristics of randomness and intermittency. The micro-grid is a single controllable unit. It facilitates the access and management of various distributed power sources, so that they are flexible. The characteristics of intelligent control provide a good way for the development and utilization of new energy. The optimal configuration of power supply capacity of microgrid is an important work in the planning and design phase of microgrid. It is of great significance to improve the power supply reliability and operation economy of the system. The optimal economic operation analysis of microgrid is to ensure the security and reliability of microgrid. This paper is funded by the technology project of "intermittent renewable energy island power grid operation technology research and engineering demonstration", and optimizes the configuration of power supply capacity of microgrid. A series of research work has been carried out on safety and economic operation and electricity price optimization. Taking into account the cost of environmental protection, the penalty cost of abandonment and the life and reliability of energy storage equipment, the objective functions are the minimum total cost and the minimum penalty cost of abandoned wind, respectively. A multi-objective optimal configuration model of power supply capacity in isolated microgrid is established, and the adaptive genetic algorithm is used to solve the model. Furthermore, the effects of penalty cost and reliability constraints on the optimal configuration of power supply capacity of isolated wind / storage / micro gas turbine microgrid are analyzed. The penalty cost of abandoning wind has great influence on the optimal configuration of power supply capacity of microgrid. In the actual microgrid planning, the effect of wind abandonment penalty cost should be considered. In the process of microgrid planning, the influence of reliability constraints should be considered, and the balance between reliability and investment should be taken into account according to the reliability requirements of users. Taking isolated microgrid and grid-connected microgrid as research objects, the effects of charging and discharging depth and times of lead-acid battery on its life are studied and converted into economic cost. In view of the effect of the intermittent output of wind turbine on the operational reserve of the system, the probability constraint is used to reflect the confidence level of the rotating standby configuration. The optimal economic operation models of isolated microgrid and grid-connected microgrid are established, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the model, in order to improve the efficiency of the feasible solution in the iterative process of the algorithm. A heuristic adjustment strategy for generating force and storage charge and discharge of conventional generating units is proposed. Examples of isolated microgrid and grid-connected microgrid are given to verify the correctness and validity of the proposed model and algorithm. Furthermore, the effects of life loss cost of lead-acid battery, rotating reserve configuration and power output adjustment strategy on the optimal economic operation plan are discussed. Based on the theory of consumer psychology, the response characteristic curve of user load to timeshare price is established. On the basis of the above model of optimal economic operation of microgrid, the influence of customer demand side response is further taken into account, and the maximum benefit of power supply enterprise is taken as the goal, and the peak and valley time-sharing electricity price under demand side response is taken as decision variable. The electricity price optimization model based on user demand side response and economic operation of microgrid is established, which can be used to solve the optimal peak and valley time-sharing price in a given period of time (such as within a day). The example analysis shows that based on this model, the operation cost of microgrid can be reduced and the profit of power supply enterprise can be increased without increasing the cost of electricity purchase.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM732

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