【摘要】：隨著人們生活水平和家居環(huán)境舒適度的提高,家用冰箱的噪聲性能已經(jīng)越來越受到人們的關(guān)注,間冷式冰箱風道及噪聲的優(yōu)化工作對于節(jié)能減排和提高生活品質(zhì)具有重要的現(xiàn)實作用。本文結(jié)合計算流體力學(CFD)和計算聲學的知識,采用商用軟件FLUENT,對間冷式風道流場的流動特性和氣動噪聲展開研究,旨在為冰箱風道優(yōu)化設計提供參考,同時為縮短優(yōu)化設計間冷式冰箱風道而開展的實驗所需的時間提供支持�；谏鲜瞿繕�,本文主要開展了如下幾個方面的工作:1)采用商用CFD軟件FLUENT對冰箱風道進行流場和聲場的模擬計算,建立了用于間冷式風道流場和噪聲預測計算的數(shù)值模型。在模型建立過程中,分析了動靜區(qū)域耦合計算以及其他一些數(shù)值設定的實現(xiàn)方法。2)結(jié)合冰箱風道噪聲預測模型,詳細分析了冰箱風道氣動噪聲的聲源類別、噪聲種類及其頻譜特征。分析計算表明風道噪聲的主要聲源是風道出風口、導流板和離心風扇葉輪處產(chǎn)生的偶極子聲源,以及在頻率特性上體現(xiàn)了離散噪聲和寬帶噪聲疊加的效果,這些結(jié)論可為冰箱風道的降噪提供思路和方法。3)對于離心風扇處于不同轉(zhuǎn)速工況下的風道流場進行數(shù)值模擬,研究了其對應的氣動噪聲特點;通過對風道流場進行仿真模擬,分析了導流板和離心風扇葉片尾跡渦的產(chǎn)生原因,分析了風道內(nèi)渦流及氣動噪聲的關(guān)系;分析了導流板位置和出風口收窄角度對風道流場及噪聲的影響。4)通過數(shù)值和實驗預測的方法驗證了本文采用的計算方法和計算模型的適用性,為模型的普遍運用提供了依據(jù)。分析了計算模型的計算區(qū)域獨立性和網(wǎng)格獨立性,并通過實驗結(jié)果與計算結(jié)果的對比,結(jié)果表明風道的噪聲仿真計算值與實驗測量值相差較小,頻譜特征一致,誤差處于可接受的范圍。5)計算分析了不等距葉片和流道順滑這兩種降噪方法對于降低冰箱風道總噪聲的影響狀況,為降低冰箱風道噪聲提供指導。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standards and home environment comfort, the noise performance of household refrigerators has been paid more and more attention. The optimization of air duct and noise in intercooled refrigerator plays an important practical role in saving energy and reducing emissions and improving the quality of life. In this paper, based on the knowledge of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational acoustics, the flow characteristics and pneumatic noise of intercooled duct flow field are studied by using commercial software FLUENT, in order to provide reference for the optimal design of refrigerator air duct. At the same time, it provides support for shortening the experiment time needed to optimize the design of the air duct of the cold refrigerator. Based on the above objectives, the main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the commercial CFD software FLUENT is used to simulate the flow field and sound field of refrigerator air duct, and a numerical model for predicting the flow field and noise of intercooled air duct is established. In the process of establishing the model, the coupling calculation of dynamic and static region and some other numerical methods are analyzed. 2) combined with the prediction model of refrigerator duct noise, the sound source categories of pneumatic noise in refrigerator air duct are analyzed in detail. Noise types and their spectral characteristics. The analysis and calculation show that the main sound source of the duct noise is the dipole sound source produced at the outlet tuyere, the guide plate and the centrifugal fan impeller, and the effect of superposition of discrete noise and broadband noise is reflected in the frequency characteristics. These conclusions can provide ideas and methods for noise reduction of refrigerator air duct. 3) the flow field of centrifugal fan under different rotating speed is simulated, and its corresponding pneumatic noise characteristics are studied. Through the simulation of the flow field in the air duct, the causes of the wake vortex of the guide plate and the centrifugal fan blade are analyzed, and the relationship between the vortex and the pneumatic noise in the duct is analyzed. The influence of the position of the guide plate and the narrowing angle of the outlet on the flow field and noise of the duct is analyzed. 4) the applicability of the calculation method and the calculation model used in this paper is verified by numerical and experimental prediction methods. It provides a basis for the universal application of the model. The computational region independence and grid independence of the calculation model are analyzed, and the experimental results are compared with the calculated results. The results show that the noise simulation results of the air duct are less different from the experimental values, and the spectrum characteristics are consistent. The error is in an acceptable range. 5) the influence of two noise reduction methods, unequal distance blade and smooth flow channel, on reducing the total noise of refrigerator air duct is calculated and analyzed, which provides guidance for reducing the noise of refrigerator air duct.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM925.21

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