中性點小直流對低噪聲變壓器噪聲影響探究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-25 11:08
【摘要】：直流偏磁作為電力變壓器運行時一個特殊工況,會造成電力變壓器出現(xiàn)一系列問題,還會對電力系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生一定影響。其中,變壓器運行噪聲的變化是最容易被識別和發(fā)現(xiàn)的。近幾年,低噪聲變壓器由于其運行噪聲低,對周圍居民正常生活環(huán)境影響小,以及對變電站選址制約小,特別適合城市繁華地區(qū)使用等原因,越來越受到市場歡迎。隨著大量低噪聲變壓器的投運,直流入侵對低噪聲變壓器的影響也越來越受到關(guān)注。本文以國內(nèi)某220kV變電站兩臺同型降壓低噪聲環(huán)保變壓器在運行時,出現(xiàn)了其中一臺中性點接地的變壓器噪聲突然變大,若斷開此接地點,另一臺中性點接地,則接地的變壓器噪聲同樣變大這一案例作為分析對象,從現(xiàn)場噪聲試驗數(shù)據(jù)和頻譜特征入手,比對變壓器制造廠原始出廠測試數(shù)據(jù),并結(jié)合變電站多種運行工況下的測試數(shù)據(jù),分析發(fā)現(xiàn)了這兩臺的變壓器中性點有微小的直流電流輸入。論文論證了這兩臺變壓器中性點出現(xiàn)微小直流的可能性,并分析了直流電流的可能來源。首先,本文在論述變壓器的多種鐵心結(jié)構(gòu)形式、空載性能理論依據(jù)和工程計算過程的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了鐵心材質(zhì)的各項性能和選取關(guān)鍵,從工程制造各個環(huán)節(jié)論述了造成變壓器噪聲等空載性能異常的可能性,并對該變壓器生產(chǎn)制造過程中的材料、結(jié)構(gòu)和工藝等進行了分析,確認了該變壓器的低噪聲性能指標。接下來,從變壓器鐵心材料的物理性能和選用,以及變壓器設計方案中鐵心設計參數(shù)選取等方面探究了中性點輸入微小直流造成低噪聲環(huán)保電力變壓器噪聲異常的可能性,并假設不同的設計參數(shù)和材料選取情況下,計算出不同性能的變壓器在同樣工況下噪聲的變化量,進一步確認了設計磁通密度較低,材料選用優(yōu)良的變壓器,對直流的敏感度更高。最后,列舉了直流侵入對變壓器和電網(wǎng)的其他危害,對該變壓器的運行維護按照是否消除故障分成兩個階段提出了建議。第一,直流短期存在期間,變壓器繼續(xù)掛運行的維護和檢修措施;第二,消除直流源或采取隔離措施之后一年時間內(nèi)變壓器的監(jiān)測、維護和檢修措施。依據(jù)此運行案例,本文還對變壓器在工廠制造期間如何實現(xiàn)低噪聲,從參數(shù)選型、材料選取、設計結(jié)構(gòu)、工藝控制等提出了建議。
[Abstract]:As a special condition of power transformer, DC bias magnetic field will cause a series of problems in power transformer, and will also have a certain impact on power system. Among them, the change of transformer operating noise is the most easily recognized and detected. In recent years, the low noise transformer has been more and more popular in the market because of its low operating noise, little influence on the normal living environment of the surrounding residents, and little restriction on the location of the substation, especially suitable for the use in the bustling urban areas. With the operation of a large number of low-noise transformers, the influence of DC intrusion on low-noise transformers has been paid more and more attention. In this paper, during the operation of two homotypic low-noise and low-voltage environmental protection transformers in a domestic 220kV substation, the noise of one of the transformers with neutral grounding suddenly increases. If the connection is disconnected, the other will be grounded. Based on the noise test data and spectrum characteristics, the original test data of transformer factory are compared, and the test data under various operating conditions of substation are combined with the test data. It is found that the neutral point of the two transformers has small DC current input. In this paper, the possibility of micro DC in neutral point of the two transformers is demonstrated, and the possible source of DC current is analyzed. First of all, on the basis of discussing various types of core structure of transformer, theoretical basis of no-load performance and engineering calculation process, this paper analyzes the performance and selection key of core material. The possibility of abnormal no-load performance such as transformer noise is discussed from various aspects of engineering manufacturing. The materials, structure and process in the manufacturing process of the transformer are analyzed, and the low noise performance index of the transformer is confirmed. Then, from the aspects of the physical properties and selection of transformer core materials, and the selection of core design parameters in the transformer design scheme, the possibility of low noise environmental protection transformer noise anomaly caused by small DC input of neutral point is explored. On the assumption of different design parameters and material selection, the variation of noise of transformer with different performance under the same working condition is calculated. It is further confirmed that the design flux density is lower and the material is excellent. The sensitivity to DC is higher. Finally, the other hazards of DC intrusion to transformer and power network are listed, and the operation and maintenance of the transformer is divided into two stages according to whether the fault is eliminated or not. First, the maintenance and repair measures for the transformer to continue to operate during the short period of DC existence; second, the monitoring, maintenance and repair measures for the transformer within one year after the elimination of the DC source or the adoption of isolation measures. According to the operation case, this paper also puts forward some suggestions on how to realize low noise during the manufacturing period of the transformer, including parameter selection, material selection, design structure, process control, etc.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM41
本文編號：2430099
[Abstract]:As a special condition of power transformer, DC bias magnetic field will cause a series of problems in power transformer, and will also have a certain impact on power system. Among them, the change of transformer operating noise is the most easily recognized and detected. In recent years, the low noise transformer has been more and more popular in the market because of its low operating noise, little influence on the normal living environment of the surrounding residents, and little restriction on the location of the substation, especially suitable for the use in the bustling urban areas. With the operation of a large number of low-noise transformers, the influence of DC intrusion on low-noise transformers has been paid more and more attention. In this paper, during the operation of two homotypic low-noise and low-voltage environmental protection transformers in a domestic 220kV substation, the noise of one of the transformers with neutral grounding suddenly increases. If the connection is disconnected, the other will be grounded. Based on the noise test data and spectrum characteristics, the original test data of transformer factory are compared, and the test data under various operating conditions of substation are combined with the test data. It is found that the neutral point of the two transformers has small DC current input. In this paper, the possibility of micro DC in neutral point of the two transformers is demonstrated, and the possible source of DC current is analyzed. First of all, on the basis of discussing various types of core structure of transformer, theoretical basis of no-load performance and engineering calculation process, this paper analyzes the performance and selection key of core material. The possibility of abnormal no-load performance such as transformer noise is discussed from various aspects of engineering manufacturing. The materials, structure and process in the manufacturing process of the transformer are analyzed, and the low noise performance index of the transformer is confirmed. Then, from the aspects of the physical properties and selection of transformer core materials, and the selection of core design parameters in the transformer design scheme, the possibility of low noise environmental protection transformer noise anomaly caused by small DC input of neutral point is explored. On the assumption of different design parameters and material selection, the variation of noise of transformer with different performance under the same working condition is calculated. It is further confirmed that the design flux density is lower and the material is excellent. The sensitivity to DC is higher. Finally, the other hazards of DC intrusion to transformer and power network are listed, and the operation and maintenance of the transformer is divided into two stages according to whether the fault is eliminated or not. First, the maintenance and repair measures for the transformer to continue to operate during the short period of DC existence; second, the monitoring, maintenance and repair measures for the transformer within one year after the elimination of the DC source or the adoption of isolation measures. According to the operation case, this paper also puts forward some suggestions on how to realize low noise during the manufacturing period of the transformer, including parameter selection, material selection, design structure, process control, etc.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM41
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，本文編號：2430099
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