【摘要】：隨著現代電力的不斷發(fā)展,環(huán)境污染狀況日益加劇,可再生能源逐漸成為各國能源發(fā)展的主要目標。微電網和柔性直流電網作為接納分布式可再生能源和大規(guī)模集中式可再生能源的有效手段,逐漸成為研究的熱點。微電網需要大量的可控的電力電子裝置進行變流處理,同時柔性直流電網中模塊化多電平換流器也含有數量眾多的子模塊。這導致在對微電網和柔性直流電網進行詳細模型仿真時,內存需求大,仿真速度慢,仿真時間長。針對含有大規(guī)模電力電子裝置的微電網和模塊化多電平換流器的柔性直流輸電系統,論文深入開展了平均值建模方法的有效性評估和應用研究,主要工作如下:(1)系統分析了平均值建模理論。首先分析了平均值建模方法的基本原理,在此基礎上,對平均值建模的兩種方法——狀態(tài)空間平均法和開關周期平均法進行了詳細的理論推導,為微電網和柔性直流輸電系統平均值模型的建立奠定了基礎。(2)研究了含典型電力電子裝置的微電網快速仿真。首先,根據平均值建模方法,建立了微網中典型電力電子裝置(DC/DC、DC/AC、AC/DC變換器)的平均值模型,并驗證了它們的有效性;其次,建立了微電網中兩種典型分布式電源——光伏發(fā)電和微型燃汽輪機的模型;再次,將平均值建模方法應用于微電網的快速仿真,建立了含典型電力電子裝置的微電網的平均值模型;最后,在MATLAB中搭建了微電網的詳細模型和平均值模型,通過對比仿真結果,驗證了平均值建模方法的精度和快速性。(3)研究了基于模塊化多電平換流器柔性直流輸電系統的快速仿真。首先,分析了MMC詳細模型的工作原理、調制方式,以及MMC子模塊的拓撲結構和工作方式;其次,根據平均值建模方法,建立了 MMC的平均值模型和基于MMC的柔性直流輸電系統的平均值模型,最后,在PSCAD中搭建了 41電平MMC柔性直流輸電系統的詳細模型與平均值模型,通過對比分析在穩(wěn)態(tài)運行和暫態(tài)故障下平均值模型和詳細模型的仿真結果,驗證了 MMC平均值模型在仿真精度和計算效率方面的有效性。論文的研究結果表明,平均值模型能夠在合理的精度范圍內正確反映被建模對象的外部特征,而且大大提高了仿真速度。這對于通過電磁暫態(tài)仿真進一步研究含有大規(guī)模電力電子裝置的微電網和柔性直流電網的運行特性和協調控制策略,具有重要的理論意義和應用價值。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of modern electric power, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. Renewable energy has gradually become the main goal of energy development in various countries. Microgrid and flexible DC network, as an effective means to accept distributed renewable energy and large-scale centralized renewable energy, have gradually become the focus of research. The microgrid needs a large number of controllable power electronic devices to process the converter, and the modularized multilevel converter also contains a large number of sub-modules in the flexible DC network. This results in a large memory requirement, slow simulation speed and long simulation time in the detailed simulation of microgrid and flexible DC network. Aiming at the flexible direct current transmission systems with large-scale power electronic devices and modularized multilevel converters, the effectiveness evaluation and application research of the average modeling method are carried out in this paper. The main work is as follows: (1) the mean value modeling theory is analyzed systematically. Firstly, the basic principle of the mean value modeling method is analyzed. On the basis of this, two methods of mean value modeling, state space average method and switching cycle average method, are derived in detail. It lays a foundation for the establishment of average value model of microgrid and flexible direct current transmission system. (2) Fast simulation of microgrid with typical power electronic devices is studied. Firstly, according to the average value modeling method, the average value model of typical power electronic devices (DC/DC,DC/AC,AC/DC) in microgrid is established, and their validity is verified. Secondly, the models of two typical distributed generators in microgrid, photovoltaic generation and micro turbine, are established. Thirdly, the average value modeling method is applied to the rapid simulation of microgrid, and the average value model of microgrid with typical power electronic devices is established. Finally, the detailed model and average model of microgrid are built in MATLAB, and the simulation results are compared. The accuracy and rapidity of the mean value modeling method are verified. (3) the fast simulation of flexible HVDC transmission system based on modularized multilevel converter is studied. Firstly, the working principle, modulation mode, topological structure and working mode of MMC submodule are analyzed. Secondly, according to the average value modeling method, the average value model of MMC and the average value model of flexible direct current transmission system based on MMC are established. Finally, the detailed model and average model of 41 level MMC flexible direct current transmission system are built in PSCAD. The simulation results of average value model and detailed model under steady-state operation and transient fault are compared to verify the effectiveness of MMC average model in simulation accuracy and computational efficiency. The research results show that the mean value model can accurately reflect the external characteristics of the modeled object within a reasonable precision range and greatly improve the simulation speed. It is of great theoretical significance and practical value to further study the operation characteristics and coordinated control strategy of microgrid and flexible DC network with large-scale power electronic devices through electromagnetic transient simulation.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM743

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