【摘要】：異步起動永磁同步電機與感應電機整體設計相似,永磁電機是在感應電動機轉子上安裝永磁體,可以依靠轉子導條產生的異步轉矩實現(xiàn)自起動。與感應電機相比,異步起動永磁同步電機具有高功率因素、高效率和寬的經濟運行范圍等優(yōu)點。相比于感應電機,異步起動永磁同步電機轉子永磁體結構多樣,因此永磁電機結構種類較多。永磁電機轉子磁路不對稱,導致傳統(tǒng)的設計理論和分析方法已難以對永磁電機進行有效的分析,因此需要運用其他科學理論和計算機的輔助下完成電動機的結構設計和磁路設計。但是,異步起動永磁同步電機在實際應用當中仍存在一些問題,這主要是由電機的齒槽轉矩和轉子磁路不對稱造成的。本文主要從以下三個方面進行研究,其主要研究內容如下:1.分析了異步起動永磁同步電機工作機理,主要包括了永磁電機的起動特性、功率特性、轉矩特性、功角特性和齒槽轉矩等,并分析了影響永磁電機磁通、轉矩、功率因數(shù)和效率等的因素,為后續(xù)研究提供了理論依據(jù)。2.對5.5kW異步起動永磁同步電機進行結構和磁路設計,其中結構設計主要包括永磁電機的定轉子鐵心和齒槽、電樞繞組、槽數(shù)的配合、永磁體充磁方向長度、永磁體寬度以及永磁材料的選擇等;磁路設計主要包括空載漏磁系數(shù)0?、氣隙系數(shù)K?和計算極弧系數(shù)i?的計算等;3.以永磁體用量最少為目的,利用Ansoft仿真軟件對異步起動永磁同步電機進行建模。首先分析了永磁體結構分別為W、U和V型的永磁電機空載運行時,根據(jù)永磁電機的磁力線分布、氣隙磁密、漏磁系數(shù)和齒槽轉矩等變化特點,從而選擇了W和U型永磁電機;其次根據(jù)電機空載運行的分析,對選擇的W和U型的永磁電機,進一步分析對比了它們空載起動和負載起動特性,最終選擇了W型結構永磁電機;最后改變W型永磁電機永磁體的尺寸,以永磁體用量最少為優(yōu)化目標,進行仿真對比得到最終結果。
[Abstract]:The asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is similar to the induction motor. The permanent magnet motor is installed on the rotor of the induction motor and can be self-started by the asynchronous torque generated by the rotor guide bar. Compared with induction motor, asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has the advantages of high power factor, high efficiency and wide economic operation range. Compared with induction motor, asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has a variety of rotor permanent magnet structures, so there are many kinds of PMSM structures. Because of the asymmetry of rotor magnetic circuit of permanent magnet motor, it is difficult for the traditional design theory and analysis method to carry on the effective analysis to the permanent magnet motor. Therefore, it is necessary to use other scientific theories and computer aided to complete the structure design and magnetic circuit design of the motor. However, there are still some problems in the practical application of asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is mainly caused by the slot torque of the motor and the asymmetry of the rotor magnetic circuit. This paper mainly carries on the research from the following three aspects, its main research content is as follows: 1. The working mechanism of asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is analyzed, including the starting characteristic, power characteristic, torque characteristic, power-angle characteristic and grooving torque of PMSM, and the influence on flux and torque of PMSM is analyzed. The factors of power factor and efficiency provide theoretical basis for further research. 2. The structure and magnetic circuit of 5.5kW asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor are designed. The structure design mainly includes stator and rotor core and tooth slot of permanent magnet motor, armature winding, coordination of slot number, length of magnetizing direction of permanent magnet. The width of permanent magnet and the selection of permanent magnet materials; Magnetic circuit design mainly includes no-load flux leakage coefficient 0, air gap coefficient K? And calculate the polar arc coefficient I? Calculation, etc. In order to minimize the amount of permanent magnet, the Ansoft simulation software is used to model the asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In this paper, we first analyze the characteristics of permanent magnet motor with WU and V type in no-load operation, according to the characteristics of magnetic force line distribution, air gap magnetic density, flux leakage coefficient and slot torque of permanent magnet motor, so W and U permanent magnet motor are selected. Secondly, according to the analysis of the no-load operation of the motor, the characteristics of no-load starting and load starting of the W and U type permanent magnet motors are further analyzed and compared. Finally, the W structure permanent magnet motor is selected. Finally, the size of the permanent magnet of the W type permanent magnet motor is changed, and the final result is obtained by comparing the size of the permanent magnet with the minimum amount of the permanent magnet.
【學位授予單位】：江西理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM341

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本文編號：2345215