【摘要】：架空輸電線在風(fēng)的作用下經(jīng)常發(fā)生微風(fēng)振動現(xiàn)象,可能導(dǎo)致斷股、斷線和桿塔、金具的磨損等事故,必須采取有效的防振措施。目前我國生產(chǎn)的防振錘性能存在普遍問題,對防振錘的動力特性認(rèn)識不足,缺乏有效、系統(tǒng)的理論研究和計算機仿真研究。鑒于此,本文分別建立了防振錘的兩種數(shù)學(xué)模型和ANSYS有限元模型,對其頻率特性、功率特性和阻尼特性進行研究,得出的結(jié)論可為防振錘的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和性能改善提供參考。首先,綜述了國內(nèi)外關(guān)于微風(fēng)振動防治和防振錘動力特性領(lǐng)域的研究現(xiàn)狀;闡述架空線微風(fēng)振動的產(chǎn)生機理,對常見的防振錘種類及其發(fā)展歷程進行了詳細(xì)的介紹。其次,分別建立了FD、FR和FDZ型防振錘的分布質(zhì)量模型,經(jīng)進一步簡化形成了集中質(zhì)量模型;根據(jù)數(shù)學(xué)模型列出運動微分方程,進一步推導(dǎo)每種模型中固有頻率的計算方法;建立了防振錘的ANSYS有限元模型進行模態(tài)分析。再次,分別使用兩種數(shù)學(xué)模型和有限元模型對FD-3型防振錘的固有頻率進行計算,并將計算結(jié)果進行對比分析,論證每種模型的正確性和簡化處理的合理性;使用集中質(zhì)量模型研究防振錘消耗功率的計算方法,繪制功率特性曲線,并進一步研究了各個結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對功率特性的影響。最后,使用分布質(zhì)量模型研究了防振錘的阻尼特性,推導(dǎo)出通過試驗識別系統(tǒng)各階阻尼比的方法;繪制了FD-3型防振錘的幅頻特性曲線;進一步研究了阻尼系數(shù)與激振頻率的關(guān)系,推出通過試驗繪制阻尼特性曲線的方法。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of wind vibration often occurs in overhead transmission lines under the action of wind, which may lead to accidents such as broken strands, broken wires and wear of pole towers and fittings, so effective measures must be taken to prevent vibration. At present, there are general problems in the performance of anti-vibration hammer produced in our country, and lack of understanding of the dynamic characteristics of the anti-vibration hammer, lack of effective, systematic theoretical research and computer simulation research. In view of this, two kinds of mathematical model and ANSYS finite element model of anti-vibration hammer are established in this paper. The frequency characteristic, power characteristic and damping characteristic are studied, and the conclusion can provide reference for the structural design and performance improvement of anti-vibration hammer. Firstly, this paper summarizes the research status of wind vibration prevention and vibration protection and dynamic characteristics of vibration hammer at home and abroad, expounds the mechanism of overhead wind vibration, and introduces in detail the common anti-vibration hammer types and their development process. Secondly, the distributed mass model of FD,FR and FDZ type anti-vibration hammer is established, and the lumped mass model is formed by further simplification, and the differential equation of motion is listed according to the mathematical model, and the calculation method of natural frequency in each model is further deduced. The ANSYS finite element model of anti-vibration hammer is established for modal analysis. Thirdly, two kinds of mathematical model and finite element model are used to calculate the natural frequency of FD-3 type vibration hammer, and the results are compared and analyzed to prove the correctness of each model and the rationality of simplified treatment. Using the lumped mass model, the calculation method of the power consumption of the anti-hammer is studied, the power characteristic curve is drawn, and the influence of various structural parameters on the power characteristic is further studied. Finally, the damping characteristics of the anti-vibration hammer are studied by using the distributed mass model, the method of identifying the damping ratio of each order of the system is deduced through the experiment, and the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve of the FD-3 type anti-vibration hammer is drawn. Furthermore, the relationship between damping coefficient and exciting frequency is studied, and the method of drawing damping characteristic curve by experiment is proposed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM752

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