【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)能源枯竭及帶來(lái)的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題是目前經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展亟待解決的兩大問(wèn)題。為實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,開(kāi)發(fā)和探究可再生新型能源成為世界范圍的趨勢(shì)。綜合多方面考慮,太陽(yáng)能的應(yīng)用前景最為廣闊,因此受到很多國(guó)家的重視。在光伏發(fā)電應(yīng)用發(fā)展的同時(shí),儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)也受到了越來(lái)越多的關(guān)注,通過(guò)對(duì)能量?jī)?chǔ)存、釋放與轉(zhuǎn)換的控制,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)能源利用的高可靠性、高效率、高利用率,從而達(dá)到節(jié)約能源、改善環(huán)境的目的。因此,新能源儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的研究已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今世界研究的熱點(diǎn)。針對(duì)新能源儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)要求,本文提出了一個(gè)包括：光伏組件陣列、最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤(Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT)控制器、儲(chǔ)能動(dòng)力電池組、電池管理系統(tǒng)(Battery Management System, BMS)、并網(wǎng)逆變器、雙向DC/DC電路以及相應(yīng)的儲(chǔ)能電站聯(lián)合控制調(diào)度系統(tǒng)等在內(nèi)的發(fā)電系統(tǒng),并重點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)和研究了其中的儲(chǔ)能子系統(tǒng)和光伏發(fā)電子系統(tǒng)及其關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。研究?jī)?chǔ)能子系統(tǒng)中的雙向DC/DC變換器,為提高其效率,采用軟開(kāi)關(guān)技術(shù)以及三相交錯(cuò)并聯(lián)的電路結(jié)構(gòu),一方面有助于減小電感電流紋波,從而提高功率密度,另一方面有助于開(kāi)關(guān)器件的選取,從而提高變換器效率；研究了常見(jiàn)的幾種儲(chǔ)能電池,通過(guò)比較它們之間的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),給出了儲(chǔ)能電池的選型；研究了BMS的主要功能,不僅可以提高電池的使用壽命與利用率,而且整個(gè)系統(tǒng)功率也能夠得到更好的利用。研究光伏發(fā)電子系統(tǒng)中的雙向AC/DC變換器,給出了調(diào)制方法與具體的工作原理及模態(tài)分析。針對(duì)功率變換系統(tǒng)(Power Convert System, PCS)能量雙向流動(dòng)的應(yīng)用,分別對(duì)雙向AC/DC變換器,雙向DC/DC變換器以及儲(chǔ)能電池進(jìn)行了建模與仿真,從而設(shè)計(jì)出PCS能量雙向流動(dòng)控制器。針對(duì)儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)在新形勢(shì)下并網(wǎng)／離網(wǎng)功能,給出了PCS并網(wǎng)／離網(wǎng)運(yùn)行控制原理和具體的模式切換過(guò)程,創(chuàng)造性的提出了一種并網(wǎng)／離網(wǎng)運(yùn)行平滑切換時(shí)電壓型控制與電流型控制的前饋控制方法。該方法無(wú)需等到電網(wǎng)電壓過(guò)零時(shí)再切換,可以減輕調(diào)節(jié)器的負(fù)擔(dān),加快控制系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)速度,從而可實(shí)現(xiàn)并網(wǎng)和離網(wǎng)運(yùn)行的平滑切換。論文為所研究的PCS設(shè)計(jì)了主電路參數(shù),給出了電感、電容詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程和方法,并選擇了開(kāi)關(guān)器件。詳細(xì)分析了PCS的損耗,給出了理論分析后的結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證了參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)的正確性。對(duì)BMS的硬件電路進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),給出了硬件電路框圖；在對(duì)軟件進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),介紹了主要參數(shù)采集的軟件流程。采用TI公司的數(shù)字芯片TMS320F28035作為控制核心,美信專用芯片MAX 14921構(gòu)建電池測(cè)量電路,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的全數(shù)字控制。本文采用PSIM軟件對(duì)PCS及控制策略進(jìn)行了仿真和分析,并設(shè)計(jì)了儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī)。通過(guò)仿真及實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試驗(yàn)證了參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性以及控制策略的可行性。
[Abstract]:The depletion of traditional energy and the environmental pollution are two problems to be solved urgently in economic development. In order to realize the sustainable development of economy, it has become a worldwide trend to develop and explore new renewable energy sources. Considering many aspects, solar energy has the most broad application prospect, so it is paid more attention by many countries. With the development of photovoltaic power generation application, energy storage system has been paid more and more attention. Through the control of energy storage, release and conversion, high reliability, high efficiency and high efficiency of energy utilization can be realized. In order to save energy and improve the environment. Therefore, the research of new energy storage system has become a hot spot in the world. In order to meet the practical requirements of new energy storage system, this paper proposes a photovoltaic module array, maximum power point tracking (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT) controller, energy storage power battery pack, and cell management system (Battery Management System, BMS),. The grid connected inverter, bidirectional DC/DC circuit and the corresponding joint control and dispatching system of energy storage power station are introduced. The energy storage subsystem and photovoltaic subsystem and their key technologies are mainly designed and studied. The bi-directional DC/DC converter in energy storage subsystem is studied. In order to improve its efficiency, soft switching technology and three-phase interleaving and parallel circuit structure are adopted. On the one hand, it is helpful to reduce the ripple of inductance current and thus increase the power density. On the other hand, it is helpful to the selection of switching devices, so as to improve the efficiency of the converter. Several common energy storage batteries are studied, and the selection of energy storage battery is given by comparing their advantages and disadvantages. The main functions of BMS are studied, which can not only improve the battery life and utilization ratio, but also make better use of the power of the whole system. The bidirectional AC/DC converter in photovoltaic generation subsystem is studied, and the modulation method, working principle and modal analysis are given. Aiming at the application of (Power Convert System, PCS) energy bidirectional flow in power conversion system, the bidirectional AC/DC converter, bidirectional DC/DC converter and energy storage battery are modeled and simulated, and the PCS energy bidirectional flow controller is designed. In view of the grid-connected / off-grid function of the energy storage system under the new situation, the principle of PCS grid-connected / off-grid operation control and the concrete mode switching process are presented. A novel feedforward control method for voltage mode control and current mode control is proposed in this paper. This method does not have to wait until the voltage is over 00:00 before switching, which can reduce the burden of the regulator and speed up the dynamic response of the control system, so that the smooth switching between grid connection and off-grid operation can be realized. In this paper, the main circuit parameters are designed for the studied PCS, the design process and method of inductance and capacitance are given in detail, and the switch devices are selected. The loss of PCS is analyzed in detail, the results of theoretical analysis are given, and the correctness of parameter design is verified. The hardware circuit of BMS is designed and the block diagram of hardware circuit is given. The digital chip TMS320F28035 of TI company is used as the control core, and the special chip MAX 14921 is used to construct the battery measurement circuit, thus realizing the full digital control of the energy storage system. In this paper, PSIM software is used to simulate and analyze PCS and control strategy, and the experimental prototype of energy storage system is designed. The rationality of parameter design and the feasibility of control strategy are verified by simulation and experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TM910;TM46

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