【摘要】：熱和電是能源互聯(lián)網(wǎng)消費(fèi)終端中的兩種重要產(chǎn)品,熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機(jī)組可同時(shí)滿(mǎn)足熱和電的供應(yīng)需求,傳統(tǒng)的中間抽汽式供熱機(jī)組由于抽汽品質(zhì)仍然較高,依然存在較大的?損失,空冷高背壓供熱模式則是利用排汽作為熱源,更好得符合了“溫度對(duì)口,梯級(jí)利用”的總能系統(tǒng)原則,近些年得到大力發(fā)展。與傳統(tǒng)抽汽供熱方式相比,直接空冷高背壓供熱機(jī)組具有顯著的冷端運(yùn)行復(fù)雜性,當(dāng)外界熱負(fù)荷和電負(fù)荷發(fā)生變化時(shí),機(jī)組彈性運(yùn)行對(duì)應(yīng)的參數(shù)狀態(tài)、限制邊界及能耗特性均不同于凝汽式空冷機(jī)組或背壓式供熱機(jī)組。對(duì)于空冷供熱機(jī)組,系統(tǒng)供熱特性與環(huán)境溫度存在很強(qiáng)的依變關(guān)系。一方面,環(huán)境溫度變化時(shí)刻影響熱負(fù)荷供應(yīng)需求;同時(shí),空冷島的冷卻效果也受到環(huán)境風(fēng)溫度和迎面風(fēng)速等因素影響。作為熱源的供熱凝汽器和承擔(dān)剩余冷卻負(fù)荷任務(wù)的空冷島作為機(jī)組冷端的兩大部分,在變工況運(yùn)行時(shí)也存在著復(fù)雜的耦合關(guān)系�？紤]到冬季供熱的重要性,大部分機(jī)組均采取“以熱定電”的運(yùn)行方式以滿(mǎn)足熱負(fù)荷實(shí)時(shí)變化需求;空冷島在冬季也有著嚴(yán)格的阻塞背壓和防凍流量要求,因此,研究直接空冷高背壓供熱機(jī)組的梯級(jí)供熱特性,以及不同工況下空冷系統(tǒng)與供熱系統(tǒng)的協(xié)同運(yùn)行優(yōu)化至關(guān)重要。在新能源裝機(jī)比例不斷上升的新常態(tài)下,熱電機(jī)組如何應(yīng)對(duì)能源供給側(cè)改革的要求值得關(guān)注�；贓ES和Ebsilon平臺(tái)建立了直接空冷高背壓供熱機(jī)組的傳熱和供熱特性模型,針對(duì)不同的熱負(fù)荷和電負(fù)荷狀況,探討熱網(wǎng)采用質(zhì)調(diào)節(jié),量調(diào)節(jié),質(zhì)-量并行調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)機(jī)組冷端參數(shù)的變化和彈性運(yùn)行的邊界,以汽輪機(jī)背壓為特征參數(shù)確定機(jī)組在特定負(fù)荷下不同運(yùn)行工況的能耗情況,以西北地區(qū)某省級(jí)電網(wǎng)的用電負(fù)荷,風(fēng)電負(fù)荷及熱負(fù)荷為案例,探討供熱期內(nèi)典型溫度范圍內(nèi)的高背壓供熱機(jī)組的彈性運(yùn)行能力,得到了熱電彈性運(yùn)行對(duì)于風(fēng)力發(fā)電波動(dòng)的平抑效果,為能源互聯(lián)網(wǎng)供給側(cè)改革和區(qū)域能源規(guī)劃提供參考。
[Abstract]:Heat and electricity are two important products in the energy internet consumption terminal. The heat and electricity cogeneration unit can meet the supply demand of heat and electricity at the same time. Loss, air cooling high back pressure heating mode is to use exhaust steam as heat source, better in line with the "temperature matching, cascade utilization" of the total energy system principle, has been vigorously developed in recent years. Compared with the traditional extraction heating mode, the direct air-cooled high backpressure heating unit has remarkable cold end operation complexity. When the external heat load and electric load change, the corresponding parameter state of the unit's elastic operation is obtained. The limited boundary and energy consumption characteristics are different from condensed air cooling units or backpressure heat supply units. For air-cooled heating units, there is a strong dependent relationship between system heating characteristics and ambient temperature. On the one hand, the change of ambient temperature affects the demand of heat load supply, and the cooling effect of air-cooled island is also affected by the factors such as the ambient wind temperature and the direct wind speed. The heating condenser as a heat source and the air-cooled island which takes on the task of residual cooling load as the two parts of the unit cold end also have complex coupling relations in the operation of variable working conditions. Considering the importance of heating in winter, most units adopt the operation mode of "heating with heat" to meet the demand of real-time change of heat load. The air-cooled island also has strict requirements of blocking back pressure and anti-freezing flow in winter, so, It is very important to study the cascade heating characteristics of direct air cooling high back pressure heating units and to optimize the coordinated operation of air cooling system and heating system under different working conditions. Under the new normal condition with the increasing proportion of new energy installed, how to deal with the demand of energy supply side reform is worthy of attention. Based on the platform of EES and Ebsilon, the heat transfer and heating characteristic model of direct air cooling high back pressure heating unit is established. According to the different heat load and electric load, the heat network adopts quality regulation and quantity regulation. The change of unit cold end parameters and the boundary of elastic operation under the condition of parallel quality and quantity regulation. The energy consumption of the unit under different operating conditions under specific load is determined by the characteristic parameters of steam turbine back pressure, and the power load of a provincial power network in Northwest China is used. Wind power load and heat load are taken as examples to discuss the elastic operation ability of high back pressure heat supply units in the typical temperature range of heat supply period, and the effect of thermoelectric elastic operation on the fluctuation of wind power generation is obtained. For the energy supply side of the Internet reform and regional energy planning to provide a reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM621

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