含分布式電源的配電網(wǎng)黑啟動策略研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-28 10:10
【摘要】：現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟生產(chǎn)生活對電力的依賴程度日益加深,大范圍的電力事故對人類的生產(chǎn)生活會帶來巨大的危害。當緊急的電力事故發(fā)生時,采取一定的措施從而快速的將系統(tǒng)恢復為正常供電狀態(tài),最大的減小事故造成的損失是必要的。因此針對大停電事故的故障恢復措施、故障恢復性計劃制定的研究是目前研究的熱點。同時隨著分布式電源在配網(wǎng)中的滲透率越來越高,其對傳統(tǒng)配網(wǎng)的結(jié)構(gòu)及運行方式都將帶來一定的影響。由于傳統(tǒng)配電網(wǎng)不考慮分布式電源的黑啟動能力,只采用傳統(tǒng)的常規(guī)機組對系統(tǒng)進行供電,延遲了系統(tǒng)的恢復速度,因此本文針對以上情況研究了含分布式電源的配電網(wǎng)黑啟動情況,重點分析了分布式電源的孤島效應,針對分布式電源作為黑啟動電源進行深入的討論與分析。論文的主要內(nèi)容為:首先,分析了分布式電源的特性,依據(jù)分布式電源的工作原理在Matlab軟件中搭建仿真模型,分析分布式電源的輸出性能,對分布式電源的黑啟動能力進行了初步的判斷。根據(jù)分布式電源的特性:啟動時間、路徑指數(shù)、機組帶載能力、啟動機組容量、機組調(diào)頻調(diào)壓能力、附近負荷重要度搭建數(shù)學模型,確定分布式電源的黑啟動能力綜合評價值,為選擇黑啟動電源提供了有效的依據(jù)。其次本文針對分布式電源接入后的配電網(wǎng)在小范圍停電后提出了以電流幅值相位為判斷依據(jù)的故障定位方法,即基于電流幅值相位的故障定位法。并針對系統(tǒng)大停電后的情況建立了考慮分布式電源的配電網(wǎng)生成樹模型。通過對負荷重要度、負荷可控性及負荷功率的分析,確定配電網(wǎng)最小生成樹模型。同時本文依據(jù)功率約束等約束條件實現(xiàn)對系統(tǒng)孤島的快速劃分,并利用IEEE69節(jié)點配網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)驗證了方法的可行性。最后,本文結(jié)合分布式電源的黑啟動能力綜合評價值及系統(tǒng)的劃分情況,對分布式電源的啟動及負荷恢復路徑采用具有良好收斂性能的改進的差分優(yōu)化算法進行優(yōu)化。通過對差分進化算法縮放因子、交叉因子的改進以及罰函數(shù)的設計,大大加快了收斂性能,縮短了恢復時間。并在第三章孤島劃分的基礎上,優(yōu)化分區(qū)內(nèi)負荷的供電,驗證了方法的有效性。通過以上幾個方面的著重分析,最終實現(xiàn)了配電網(wǎng)在大停電情況下對于關鍵負荷的恢復供電。
[Abstract]:With the increasing dependence of modern economic production and life on electricity, large-scale electric power accidents will bring great harm to human production and life. When an emergency electric power accident occurs, it is necessary to take certain measures to quickly restore the system to normal power supply and minimize the loss caused by the accident. At the same time, with the increasing penetration rate of distributed generation in distribution network, it will have a certain impact on the structure and operation mode of traditional distribution network. Only conventional generating units are used to supply power to the system, which delays the recovery speed of the system. Therefore, this paper studies the black-start of distribution network with distributed generators, especially analyzes the islanding effect of distributed generators, and discusses and analyzes distributed generators as black-start power. The main contents are as follows: Firstly, the characteristics of DG are analyzed, the simulation model is built in MATlab software according to the working principle of DG, the output performance of DG is analyzed, and the black-start capability of DG is preliminarily judged. A mathematic model is set up to determine the comprehensive evaluation value of the black-start ability of the distributed generation, which provides an effective basis for the selection of the black-start power supply. Secondly, the amplitude phase of the current is proposed for the distribution network after a small-scale blackout. In order to judge the fault location method based on current amplitude and phase, the spanning tree model of distribution network considering distributed generation is established for the situation after blackout. The minimum spanning tree model of distribution network is determined by analyzing the load importance, load controllability and load power. Power constraints and other constraints to achieve the rapid division of the system islands, and the use of IEEE 69-bus distribution system to verify the feasibility of the method. Finally, combined with the distributed generation black-start capability of the comprehensive evaluation value and system partitioning, the start-up and load recovery path of the distributed power supply using a good convergence performance. By improving the scaling factor, crossover factor and penalty function of the differential evolution algorithm, the convergence performance is greatly accelerated and the recovery time is shortened. With emphasis on analysis, the power supply of the distribution network is restored to the critical load in the case of blackouts.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM732
[Abstract]:With the increasing dependence of modern economic production and life on electricity, large-scale electric power accidents will bring great harm to human production and life. When an emergency electric power accident occurs, it is necessary to take certain measures to quickly restore the system to normal power supply and minimize the loss caused by the accident. At the same time, with the increasing penetration rate of distributed generation in distribution network, it will have a certain impact on the structure and operation mode of traditional distribution network. Only conventional generating units are used to supply power to the system, which delays the recovery speed of the system. Therefore, this paper studies the black-start of distribution network with distributed generators, especially analyzes the islanding effect of distributed generators, and discusses and analyzes distributed generators as black-start power. The main contents are as follows: Firstly, the characteristics of DG are analyzed, the simulation model is built in MATlab software according to the working principle of DG, the output performance of DG is analyzed, and the black-start capability of DG is preliminarily judged. A mathematic model is set up to determine the comprehensive evaluation value of the black-start ability of the distributed generation, which provides an effective basis for the selection of the black-start power supply. Secondly, the amplitude phase of the current is proposed for the distribution network after a small-scale blackout. In order to judge the fault location method based on current amplitude and phase, the spanning tree model of distribution network considering distributed generation is established for the situation after blackout. The minimum spanning tree model of distribution network is determined by analyzing the load importance, load controllability and load power. Power constraints and other constraints to achieve the rapid division of the system islands, and the use of IEEE 69-bus distribution system to verify the feasibility of the method. Finally, combined with the distributed generation black-start capability of the comprehensive evaluation value and system partitioning, the start-up and load recovery path of the distributed power supply using a good convergence performance. By improving the scaling factor, crossover factor and penalty function of the differential evolution algorithm, the convergence performance is greatly accelerated and the recovery time is shortened. With emphasis on analysis, the power supply of the distribution network is restored to the critical load in the case of blackouts.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM732
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