【摘要】：隨著能源問題和環(huán)境污染問題越來越嚴重,開發(fā)清潔可再生的能源資源得到了世界各國的關注。具有巨大儲備量的清潔能源風力發(fā)電和太陽能發(fā)電得到了迅速的發(fā)展。微電網(wǎng)成為接納新能源發(fā)電的重要形式,它既可以與大電網(wǎng)進行能量交換,也可以自給自足獨立運行。由于風力發(fā)電和太陽能發(fā)電受環(huán)境影響很大,微電網(wǎng)需要合適的能量管理策略,保證微電網(wǎng)能夠穩(wěn)定高效的運行。設計并開發(fā)微電網(wǎng)軟件平臺具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義,它不僅可以幫助微電網(wǎng)安全可靠的運行,還可以提高微電網(wǎng)的服務水平,推動微電網(wǎng)朝智能化發(fā)展。本文在研究國內外微電網(wǎng)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的基礎上,設計了針對小型風光儲互補微電網(wǎng)的軟件平臺。首先進行了軟件平臺的功能需求分析,之后針對主要功能進行業(yè)務流程設計,最后針對小型微電網(wǎng)硬件信息設計了通訊協(xié)議。功能需求分析包括數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測與分析、新能源發(fā)電預測和負載預測、優(yōu)化調度、仿真實驗以及人機交互等部分,業(yè)務流程設計包括人員管理、運行環(huán)境配置、監(jiān)控數(shù)據(jù)處理以及系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化調度等業(yè)務流程,通信協(xié)議設計包括通訊方式和格式、數(shù)據(jù)幀格式、設備地址碼設計、功能碼設計等。本文在Microsoft Visual Studio 2010開發(fā)環(huán)境下,使用C#編程語言實現(xiàn)了小型微電網(wǎng)的軟件平臺。該軟件平臺可以與小型微電網(wǎng)硬件直接連接,實現(xiàn)對小型微電網(wǎng)運行狀態(tài)的監(jiān)控管理;可以連接小型微電網(wǎng)仿真模型,進行仿真實驗;還可以為小型微電網(wǎng)提供合理的能量管理策略,優(yōu)化小型微電網(wǎng)運行。本文建立了一套小型風光儲互補微電網(wǎng)的機理模型與軟件平臺連接,實現(xiàn)軟件平臺的仿真功能。該套模型包括風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)、光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)、儲能系統(tǒng),并在各個子系統(tǒng)模型的基礎上,建立了小型微電網(wǎng)整體模型。軟件平臺可以根據(jù)小型微電網(wǎng)不同的運行方式,提供不同的能量管理策略。當小型微電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)運行時,在分時電價模型下,通過對家用用電設備的分類量化,提出了以用戶經(jīng)濟效益最優(yōu)為目標的能量管理策略;當小型微電網(wǎng)離網(wǎng)運行時,對家庭用電設備重要性進行等級劃分,提出了按用戶用電設備重要性順序依次供電、保證小型微電網(wǎng)長期穩(wěn)定運行為目標的能量管理策略。
[Abstract]:With the problem of energy and environmental pollution becoming more and more serious, the development of clean and renewable energy resources has been concerned by the countries all over the world. Clean energy wind power generation and solar power generation, which have huge reserves, have been developed rapidly. Microgrid is an important form of receiving new energy generation. It can exchange energy with large power grid and operate independently. Since wind power generation and solar power generation are greatly affected by the environment, the micro-grid needs appropriate energy management strategies to ensure the stable and efficient operation of micro-grid. It is of great practical significance to design and develop microgrid software platform. It can not only help the safe and reliable operation of microgrid, but also improve the service level of microgrid and promote the development of microgrid towards intelligence. On the basis of studying the development of microgrid at home and abroad, this paper designs a software platform for small-scale wind-storage complementary microgrid. Firstly, the functional requirements of the software platform are analyzed, then the business process is designed for the main functions. Finally, the communication protocol is designed for the hardware information of the microgrid. Functional requirements analysis includes data monitoring and analysis, new energy generation forecasting and load forecasting, optimal scheduling, simulation experiments and human-computer interaction. Business process design includes personnel management, operational environment configuration, etc. The design of communication protocol includes communication mode and format, data frame format, device address code design, function code design and so on. In this paper, we use C # programming language to realize the software platform of small microgrid in Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 development environment. The software platform can be directly connected with the hardware of the small microgrid to realize the monitoring and management of the running state of the micro-grid, and the simulation model of the micro-grid can be connected to the simulation experiment. It can also provide reasonable energy management strategy for small microgrid and optimize the operation of small microgrid. In this paper, a set of mechanism model of small wind and storage complementary microgrid is established, and the software platform is connected to realize the simulation function of the software platform. The model includes wind power system, photovoltaic system and energy storage system. The software platform can provide different energy management strategies according to the different operation modes of microgrid. When the small-scale microgrid is connected to the grid, the energy management strategy aiming at the optimal economic benefit of the user is put forward by classifying and quantifying the household electric equipment under the time-sharing price model, and when the small-scale microgrid is running off the grid, the energy management strategy is proposed. In this paper, the importance of household power equipment is classified, and the energy management strategy is put forward, which is based on the order of the importance of household power equipment to ensure the long-term and stable operation of small microgrid.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP311.52;TM727

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