【摘要】：當今大規(guī)模利用太陽能是優(yōu)化能源結(jié)構(gòu)和提升環(huán)境質(zhì)量的重要途徑之一。由于光伏電站地處偏僻,西部豐富的光照資源需要通過高壓輸電網(wǎng)傳輸至東部負荷中心,且并網(wǎng)逆變器通常采取單位功率因數(shù)的運行方式,所以光伏電站多選用在可控性、運行范圍及響應速度等方面具有顯著優(yōu)勢的FACTS裝置以滿足光伏電站正常運行的無功需求,抑制有功出力變化導致的并網(wǎng)點電壓波動甚至越限,但許多不可避免的問題也隨之而來。鑒于此,論文將從光伏站間及站內(nèi)兩個層面對無功補償裝置的交互影響及協(xié)調(diào)控制等問題展開研究。首先,針對光伏電站間不同類型的FACTS控制器在電網(wǎng)電壓波動時會產(chǎn)生交互影響等問題,建立了系統(tǒng)數(shù)學模型,并利用Simulink和RGA理論進行了仿真試驗及定量計算,證實了 FACTS控制器間確實存在交互影響,且影響程度與其間的電氣距離有關(guān)。其次,針對交互影響產(chǎn)生的原因,從系統(tǒng)宏觀的角度出發(fā),統(tǒng)籌考慮各FACTS控制器間的關(guān)聯(lián)作用,設(shè)計了一種全局協(xié)調(diào)控制器,有效削弱了光伏電站間FACTS控制器的交互影響,改善了系統(tǒng)的控制性能。再次,針對光伏電站內(nèi)無功與電壓的協(xié)調(diào)控制問題,基于光伏電站的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu),建立了其等效電路模型,給出了相關(guān)的技術(shù)參數(shù),提出了并網(wǎng)逆變器的控制方案,并通過Simulink搭建了仿真模型,對上述各設(shè)計環(huán)節(jié)的正確性進行了驗證。最后,針對光伏電源輸出的隨機性及不可控性,導致并網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量下降、穩(wěn)定性較差等問題進行了理論分析,提出了一種并網(wǎng)逆變器與FACTS裝置間的協(xié)調(diào)控制策略,優(yōu)化了光伏電站內(nèi)的無功分配方案,并利用Simulink進行了實例仿真,驗證了該控制策略的正確性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, large-scale utilization of solar energy is one of the important ways to optimize energy structure and improve environmental quality. Because the photovoltaic power station is located in the remote area, the abundant illumination resources in the west need to be transmitted to the eastern load center through the high-voltage transmission network, and the grid-connected inverter usually adopts the operation mode of unit power factor, so the photovoltaic power station is mostly chosen in controllability. The FACTS device, which has remarkable advantages in operation range and response speed, can meet the demand of reactive power of photovoltaic power plant in normal operation, and restrain the fluctuation or even overrun of the voltage of parallel dot caused by the change of active power output. But many inevitable problems followed. In view of this, this paper will study the interaction and coordinated control of reactive power compensator between and within photovoltaic stations. First of all, aiming at the problem that different types of FACTS controllers in photovoltaic power plants have interactive effects on the voltage fluctuation of the power system, the mathematical model of the system is established, and the simulation experiment and quantitative calculation are carried out by using Simulink and RGA theory. It is proved that there is interaction between FACTS controllers, and the degree of influence is related to the electrical distance between them. Secondly, aiming at the cause of interaction, considering the correlation between FACTS controllers, a global coordination controller is designed, which effectively weakens the interaction of FACTS controllers between photovoltaic power plants. The control performance of the system is improved. Thirdly, aiming at the coordination control of reactive power and voltage in photovoltaic power station, based on the topology of photovoltaic power station, the equivalent circuit model is established, the relevant technical parameters are given, and the control scheme of grid-connected inverter is put forward. The simulation model is built by Simulink, and the correctness of the above design links is verified. Finally, the random and uncontrollable output of photovoltaic power supply is analyzed theoretically, which leads to the decline of power quality and the poor stability of grid-connected power supply. A coordinated control strategy between grid-connected inverter and FACTS device is proposed. The reactive power distribution scheme in photovoltaic power plant is optimized, and the simulation results with Simulink are given to verify the correctness and feasibility of the control strategy.
【學位授予單位】：西安理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM615;TM761.12

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