本文選題：風(fēng)冷式冰箱 + 氣動噪聲��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：風(fēng)罩是風(fēng)冷式冰箱風(fēng)冷系統(tǒng)主要組成部分,在風(fēng)冷式冰箱內(nèi)部冷熱氣流的交換以及各個艙室之間溫度調(diào)節(jié)過程中起著重要的作用,因此一般在設(shè)計風(fēng)罩時往往僅考慮制冷效率與除霜效果,而忽視對其結(jié)構(gòu)進行低噪設(shè)計。風(fēng)罩的主要噪聲有:離心風(fēng)扇轉(zhuǎn)動產(chǎn)生的氣動噪聲、流體在風(fēng)道腔體內(nèi)部流動而產(chǎn)生的氣動噪聲、風(fēng)扇轉(zhuǎn)動引起風(fēng)罩殼體結(jié)構(gòu)振動的噪聲。因此風(fēng)罩氣動噪聲的研究對于風(fēng)罩的整體噪聲研究具有重要意義。近些年,隨著技術(shù)與理論的發(fā)展,關(guān)于空腔氣動噪聲的研究已經(jīng)成為空氣動力學(xué)科的一個熱點。但目前大部分研究方向主要集中在亞音速或超音速氣流條件下的氣動簡單結(jié)構(gòu)腔噪聲問題,對于一般的工業(yè)應(yīng)用中,低速氣流與結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的腔體氣動噪聲問題則較少涉及,因此研究低速復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)腔體的氣動噪聲對于工業(yè)應(yīng)用具有很大的意義與價值。本文以風(fēng)冷式冰箱的冷凝風(fēng)罩模型為研究對象,采用實驗測試、結(jié)構(gòu)動力學(xué)、計算流體動力學(xué)與計算氣動聲學(xué)仿真分析相結(jié)合的研究方法,研究冰箱冷凝風(fēng)罩內(nèi)部氣腔氣動噪聲特性。研究內(nèi)容主要包括:設(shè)計了將風(fēng)冷式冰箱風(fēng)罩與內(nèi)部離心風(fēng)扇分離的氣動噪聲特性測試試驗臺,通過試驗臺進行模態(tài)實驗以及振動噪聲的測量實驗,測試風(fēng)罩殼體模態(tài)參數(shù)與空腔氣動噪聲特性;采用計算流體動力學(xué)CFD與計算氣動聲學(xué)方法對風(fēng)罩氣腔模型進行流體動力學(xué)分析與噪聲仿真分析,得到了風(fēng)罩氣腔的流場分布特征與聲壓頻譜特征;噪聲關(guān)鍵頻率成分與仿真結(jié)果,較為吻合,然后分析風(fēng)罩氣腔的氣動噪聲特點以及影響因素,并討論誤差產(chǎn)生的原因。為下一步的風(fēng)罩的減振降噪與結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化提供理論與實驗支持。通過對風(fēng)罩氣腔氣動噪聲進行研究分析,得出了冰箱風(fēng)罩氣腔內(nèi)部氣動噪聲的組成及影響因素,提出了流體引起復(fù)雜腔體氣動噪聲的一種研究方法。
[Abstract]:The air hood is the main part of the air cooling system of the air-cooled refrigerator, which plays an important role in the exchange of the cold and hot airflow inside the air-cooled refrigerator and in the process of adjusting the temperature between the various compartments. Therefore, the cooling efficiency and defrosting effect are usually taken into account in the design of the wind cover, but the low noise design of the structure is neglected. The main noise of the wind cover is the aerodynamic noise caused by the centrifugal fan rotation, the aerodynamic noise caused by the fluid flowing in the air duct cavity, and the noise caused by the wind cover shell structure vibration caused by the fan rotation. Therefore, the study of the aerodynamic noise of the wind cover is of great significance to the study of the overall noise of the wind cover. In recent years, with the development of technology and theory, the research of cavity aerodynamic noise has become a hot topic in aerodynamics. However, at present, most of the research directions are mainly focused on the aerodynamic simple structural cavity noise problem under the condition of subsonic or supersonic flow. For general industrial applications, the aerodynamic noise problem of low speed airflow and complex cavity is less involved. Therefore, the study of aerodynamic noise of low speed complex cavity has great significance and value for industrial application. In this paper, the model of condensing wind cover of air-cooled refrigerator is taken as the research object, and the research method of combining experimental test, structural dynamics, computational fluid dynamics and aerodynamic acoustics simulation analysis is adopted. The aerodynamic noise characteristics of the air chamber inside the condensing hood of the refrigerator are studied. The main contents of the study are as follows: the pneumatic noise characteristic test bench is designed, which separates the air-cooled refrigerator air cover from the inner centrifugal fan, and carries on the modal experiment and the vibration noise measurement experiment through the test bed. The modal parameters of the shell and the aerodynamic noise characteristics of the cavity are tested, and the hydrodynamic analysis and noise simulation of the air-chamber model are carried out by CFD and aerodynamic acoustics. The characteristics of flow field distribution and sound pressure spectrum are obtained, and the key frequency components of noise are in good agreement with the simulation results. Then the aerodynamic noise characteristics of the chamber and the influencing factors are analyzed, and the causes of the errors are discussed. It provides theoretical and experimental support for the next wind cover vibration and noise reduction and structural optimization. Based on the research and analysis of the aerodynamic noise in the air chamber of the air hood, the composition and influencing factors of the aerodynamic noise in the air chamber of the refrigerator are obtained, and a research method for the aerodynamic noise caused by the fluid in the complex chamber is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM925.21

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