發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-09 03:25

  本文選題：永磁同步電機(jī) + 轉(zhuǎn)矩調(diào)節(jié)器�。� 參考：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：永磁同步電機(jī)比異步電機(jī)具有效率高、體積小、損耗低、結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、重量輕等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。近年來(lái)隨著電機(jī)控制技術(shù)、電力電子技術(shù)以及稀土永磁材料的發(fā)展,永磁同步電機(jī)已經(jīng)在國(guó)防、家用電器、制造業(yè)、工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。目前永磁同步電機(jī)的控制方法主要有直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制和矢量控制,矢量控制方法通過(guò)改變電機(jī)的電樞電流來(lái)控制電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩,需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建受控對(duì)象的復(fù)雜數(shù)學(xué)模型,所以該控制方法實(shí)現(xiàn)起來(lái)較復(fù)雜,而直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制方法則直接在定子坐標(biāo)系中計(jì)算和控制電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩,克服了矢量控制方法的復(fù)雜性。但是,在直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制的轉(zhuǎn)矩調(diào)節(jié)器中由于采用正反矢量來(lái)增加和減少電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩,易導(dǎo)致電機(jī)在穩(wěn)態(tài)運(yùn)行時(shí)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩和電流的脈動(dòng)過(guò)大,使電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行性能達(dá)不到最優(yōu)化,電機(jī)運(yùn)行質(zhì)量下降,因此需要在電機(jī)控制過(guò)程中對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)進(jìn)行有效的抑制。為此本論文針對(duì)永磁同步電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)問(wèn)題,進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)抑制方法的研究。本文分別利用零矢量控制法和反電動(dòng)勢(shì)形狀函數(shù)控制法來(lái)抑制轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)。零矢量控制法主要通過(guò)建立抑制轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,將電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩表達(dá)式進(jìn)行離散化,推導(dǎo)出了正矢量、反矢量和零矢量三者之間的轉(zhuǎn)矩變化關(guān)系,根據(jù)電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩給定值和實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)矩值之間的誤差大小來(lái)判斷轉(zhuǎn)矩控制信號(hào),進(jìn)而選擇性的調(diào)理轉(zhuǎn)矩。反電動(dòng)勢(shì)形狀函數(shù)控制法主要通過(guò)在兩相導(dǎo)通控制的轉(zhuǎn)矩觀測(cè)器中,將傳統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈控制改成反電動(dòng)勢(shì)控制,建立反電動(dòng)勢(shì)形狀函數(shù)抑制轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,將定子三相相反電動(dòng)勢(shì)經(jīng)過(guò)標(biāo)幺化處理后獲得的三相形狀函數(shù)與永磁同步電機(jī)的梯形波反電動(dòng)勢(shì)幅值進(jìn)行乘積,再將乘積結(jié)果代入轉(zhuǎn)矩方程中,獲取電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩。最后,運(yùn)用仿真軟件的Simulink建立了零矢量抑制轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)仿真模型和反電動(dòng)勢(shì)形狀函數(shù)抑制轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)仿真模型,從其仿真結(jié)果分析,零矢量和反電動(dòng)勢(shì)形狀函數(shù)的引入確實(shí)有效地抑制了轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)。為了驗(yàn)證仿真分析的正確性,對(duì)仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和仿真中得到的規(guī)律基本一致,實(shí)驗(yàn)和仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了上述兩種脈動(dòng)抑制方法的正確性。
[Abstract]:PMSM has the advantages of high efficiency, small volume, low loss, simple structure and light weight. In recent years, with the development of motor control technology, power electronics technology and rare earth permanent magnet materials, PMSM has been widely used in national defense, household appliances, manufacturing, industry and other fields. At present, the control methods of permanent magnet synchronous motor mainly include direct torque control and vector control. The vector control method controls the motor torque by changing the armature current of the motor, so it is necessary to create a complex mathematical model of the controlled object. Therefore, the control method is more complex to realize, while the direct torque control method directly calculates and controls the motor torque in the stator coordinate system, which overcomes the complexity of the vector control method. However, due to the use of positive and negative vectors to increase and reduce the torque of the motor in direct torque control, it is easy to cause excessive ripple of the torque and current of the motor in steady state operation. The performance of motor control system can not be optimized and the running quality of motor is decreased, so it is necessary to restrain torque ripple effectively in the process of motor control. In this paper, the torque ripple suppression method of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied. In this paper, zero vector control and back EMF shape function control are used to suppress torque ripple, respectively. By establishing a mathematical model to suppress torque ripple, the expression of motor torque is discretized, and the relationship among positive vector, inverse vector and zero vector is deduced. The torque control signal is judged according to the error between the given torque value and the actual torque value, and then the torque is adjusted selectively. The shape function control method of backEMF is mainly based on changing the traditional rotor flux control into backEMF control in the torque observer of two-phase conduction control, and establishes a mathematical model of the shape function of backEMF to suppress torque ripple. The three-phase shape function obtained by the stator three-phase back-EMF is multiplied with the amplitude of the trapezoidal backEMF of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), and the result of the product is substituted into the torque equation to obtain the torque of the motor. Finally, the simulation model of zero vector suppression torque ripple and the simulation model of back EMF shape function are established by Simulink, and the simulation results are analyzed. The introduction of zero vector and back EMF shape function can effectively restrain torque ripple. In order to verify the correctness of the simulation analysis, the simulation results are verified by experiments. The experimental results are basically consistent with the laws obtained in the simulation. The experimental and simulation results verify the correctness of the two methods mentioned above.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM341

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本文編號(hào)：1998649