本文選題：變頻空調(diào)壓縮機(jī) + 內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)　； 參考：《東北石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)因其效率高、調(diào)速性能好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而被廣泛應(yīng)用于包括空調(diào)壓縮機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)在內(nèi)的諸多工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。傳統(tǒng)的基于異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)壓縮機(jī)已逐漸被內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)取代。由于客觀條件的限制使負(fù)責(zé)驅(qū)動(dòng)的內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)無(wú)法安裝轉(zhuǎn)子位置傳感器。本文以內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其矢量控制系統(tǒng)和無(wú)位置轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)技術(shù)展開(kāi)研究。壓縮機(jī)作為變頻空調(diào)的核心,其多輸入多輸出的強(qiáng)耦合、非線性和時(shí)滯性致使壓縮機(jī)的調(diào)速系統(tǒng)無(wú)法依靠簡(jiǎn)單的PID控制器甚至單一的智能算法實(shí)現(xiàn)有效地實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)。為此,本文對(duì)模糊免疫PID控制器進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。改進(jìn)的模糊免疫控制器利用免疫算法對(duì)隸屬函數(shù)和控制規(guī)則進(jìn)行分階段優(yōu)化,降低計(jì)算復(fù)雜度;同時(shí)引入加權(quán)因子實(shí)現(xiàn)控制器在模糊控制和模糊免疫PID控制之間的控制模式轉(zhuǎn)換。改進(jìn)的模糊免疫PID控制器將克服傳統(tǒng)模糊免疫PID只優(yōu)化比例系數(shù)的缺點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)比例、積分、微分參數(shù)的免疫智能實(shí)時(shí)并行優(yōu)化。在無(wú)位置傳感器技術(shù)的研究方面,采用復(fù)合觀測(cè)器策略,即將分別適用于低速域和中、高速域的脈振高頻電壓注入法和擴(kuò)展反電動(dòng)勢(shì)模型觀測(cè)法結(jié)合起來(lái)。但是兩種無(wú)位置傳感器技術(shù)的結(jié)合需要考慮到共同作用及不同速域時(shí)技術(shù)的切換問(wèn)題。兩種方法各自作用程度的確定多采用線性變化的權(quán)重系數(shù),但是該方法在轉(zhuǎn)速切換點(diǎn)附近的轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)誤差較大,權(quán)重函數(shù)的線性選取不利于兩種估計(jì)方法的結(jié)合�；诖私⒍嗄繕�(biāo)尋優(yōu)模型,提出利用遺傳算法實(shí)現(xiàn)權(quán)重系數(shù)的實(shí)時(shí)優(yōu)化,最大程度地合理分配兩種無(wú)位置傳感器控制技術(shù)的作用程度。利用Matlab對(duì)內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)變頻空調(diào)壓縮機(jī)全速域矢量控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證。仿真結(jié)果表明改進(jìn)的模糊免疫PID轉(zhuǎn)速控制器可有效抑制低速域轉(zhuǎn)速脈動(dòng),并使全速域范圍的轉(zhuǎn)速穩(wěn)態(tài)精度、動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)性能得到改善。同時(shí)仿真結(jié)果也充分說(shuō)明遺傳算法優(yōu)化轉(zhuǎn)子位置復(fù)合觀測(cè)器的權(quán)重系數(shù)使內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)行在轉(zhuǎn)速過(guò)度區(qū)時(shí)具有平滑的增速性能,更有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)變頻空調(diào)壓縮機(jī)全速域的轉(zhuǎn)速控制。
[Abstract]:Embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in many industrial fields, including air conditioning compressor control system, because of its high efficiency and good speed regulation performance. The traditional air-conditioning system compressor based on asynchronous motor has been gradually replaced by embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Due to the limitation of objective conditions, the embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), which is in charge of driving, cannot install rotor position sensor. In this paper, the embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied. Compressor as the core of frequency conversion air conditioning, its strong coupling of multi-input and multi-output, nonlinear and time-delay, the compressor speed control system can not rely on simple pid controller or even a single intelligent algorithm to achieve effective real-time regulation. Therefore, the fuzzy immune pid controller is improved in this paper. The improved fuzzy immune controller uses the immune algorithm to optimize the membership function and control rules in stages to reduce the computational complexity. At the same time, the weighted factor is introduced to realize the control mode conversion between fuzzy control and fuzzy immune pid control. The improved fuzzy immune pid controller will overcome the shortcoming of the traditional fuzzy immune pid which only optimizes the proportion coefficient, and realizes the immune intelligent real-time parallel optimization of the proportion, integral and differential parameters. In the research of position-sensorless technology, the hybrid observer strategy is used, that is, the pulse high-frequency voltage injection method and the extended back-EMF model observation method, which are suitable for low-speed and medium-high speed domain, respectively. However, the combination of two sensorless technologies needs to take into account the joint action and the switching problem in different speed range. The weight coefficient of linear variation is often used to determine the degree of action of the two methods, but the error of speed estimation near the rotation speed switching point is large, and the linear selection of weight function is not conducive to the combination of the two methods. Based on this, a multi-objective optimization model is established, and a genetic algorithm is proposed to realize the real-time optimization of the weight coefficients, and to allocate the degree of action of the two sensorless control techniques to the maximum extent. The full speed vector control system of embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) compressor is simulated by Matlab. The simulation results show that the improved fuzzy immune pid speed controller can effectively suppress the speed pulsation in the low speed domain and improve the steady state accuracy and dynamic response performance of the speed in the full speed range. At the same time, the simulation results show that the genetic algorithm optimizes the weight coefficient of the rotor position composite observer, which makes the embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor have a smooth growth performance when it is running in the speed transition zone. The speed control of variable frequency air conditioner compressor in full speed domain is realized more effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM341;TM925.12

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