發(fā)布時間：2018-06-07 21:10

  本文選題：風(fēng)電功率波動 + 容量優(yōu)化��； 參考：《山東理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科技的進(jìn)步和經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,使得全球?qū)﹄娏Φ男枨笕找嬖黾�。然而由于石油、煤炭等一次能源對環(huán)境氣候的影響,使得風(fēng)能等清潔能源正廣泛得到開發(fā)和利用。但是風(fēng)力發(fā)電也存在一些問題:風(fēng)電輸出功率具有隨機性、波動性,使得風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)給電力系統(tǒng)的安全和穩(wěn)定性方面帶來一系列的影響。同時,風(fēng)力發(fā)電的裝機容量也在逐年增加,使風(fēng)力發(fā)電對電力系統(tǒng)的影響越發(fā)受到人們的重視。儲能技術(shù)使風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)并網(wǎng)時有個能量緩沖,將儲能裝置引入到風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中,對于功率的波動有一定的平抑效果,以此來減輕風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)對電力系統(tǒng)的不利影響,從而提高電力系統(tǒng)安全運行的穩(wěn)定性以及電網(wǎng)消納風(fēng)電的能力。在各種儲能技術(shù)中,液流電池具有循環(huán)壽命長、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、成本較低、功率和容量相互獨立等優(yōu)點,目前正廣泛應(yīng)用于儲能系統(tǒng)中。此外,超級電容的功率密度大、能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率高,但價格昂貴,所以和液流電池相結(jié)合組成混合儲能系統(tǒng),讓其發(fā)揮各自的優(yōu)勢,非常適合在風(fēng)力發(fā)電儲能系統(tǒng)中使用。但是儲能容量的大小也不容忽視:容量過小使得平抑效果不明顯,過大又失去了經(jīng)濟(jì)性。在此種情況下,本文提出分別通過液流電池的單一儲能和液流電池—超級電容的混合儲能來優(yōu)化儲能裝置的容量問題。其主要工作有:(1)對風(fēng)電場輸出功率的波動性做了簡要分析,并給出了平抑波動效果的評價指標(biāo)和液流電池、超級電容的特性及數(shù)學(xué)模型,為儲能系統(tǒng)的容量優(yōu)化奠定了基礎(chǔ)。(2)對單一儲能而言,建立以風(fēng)電場輸出功率與輸出功率參考值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差和儲能容量成本最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù),根據(jù)不同的時間窗口,采取不同的參考輸出功率,利用粒子群優(yōu)化算法針對具體算例進(jìn)行優(yōu)化的方案,得到了不同時間窗口下需要配置的不同的儲能容量。在實際生產(chǎn)中,根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐恼{(diào)度計劃,選取不同的時間窗口,從而選擇既符合風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)要求、經(jīng)濟(jì)性又較好的容量作為所配電池的額定容量。(3)根據(jù)液流電池儲能和超級電容儲能的各自特點,提出將液流電池和超級電容結(jié)合(超級電容平抑較高頻率、液流電池平抑較低頻率),并基于低通濾波原理計算了混合儲能系統(tǒng)中兩者各自的功率和容量大小,最后將混合儲能和單一儲能進(jìn)行簡單的對比,得出了采用混合儲能既能較好的平滑風(fēng)電功率波動,又能使儲能成本有所降低的結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:With the progress of science and technology and the rapid development of economy, the global demand for electricity is increasing day by day. However, due to the impact of primary energy, such as oil and coal, on the environmental climate, clean energy such as wind energy is being widely developed and utilized. However, there are some problems in wind power generation: wind power output is stochastic and fluctuating, which makes wind power grid connection bring a series of impacts on the safety and stability of power system. At the same time, the installed capacity of wind power is increasing year by year. Energy storage technology makes the wind power system have an energy buffer when it is connected to the grid. Introducing the energy storage device into the wind power generation system has a certain stabilizing effect on the fluctuation of the power, so as to reduce the adverse effect of the wind power grid connection on the power system. In order to improve the stability of the safe operation of the power system and the ability of the power grid to absorb wind power. Liquid flow batteries are widely used in energy storage systems because of their advantages of long cycle life, simple structure, low cost and independent power and capacity among various energy storage technologies. In addition, the super capacitor has high power density and high energy conversion efficiency, but it is expensive, so the hybrid energy storage system is composed of liquid flow battery, which makes it play its respective advantages and is very suitable for use in wind energy storage system. But the size of energy storage capacity can not be ignored: too small capacity makes the effect of stabilization is not obvious, too large and lose the economy. In this case, the capacity of the energy storage device is optimized by the single energy storage of the liquid flow battery and the hybrid energy storage of the liquid flow battery and super capacitor, respectively. The main work is: (1) the fluctuation of output power of wind farm is analyzed briefly, and the evaluation index of wave suppression effect and the characteristics and mathematical model of liquid flow battery, super capacitor and supercapacitor are given. For a single energy storage system, the minimum standard deviation of output power and output power of wind farm and the minimum cost of energy storage capacity are taken as objective functions, according to different time windows. Using different reference output power, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the specific examples, and different energy storage capacity is obtained under different time windows. In the actual production, according to the local scheduling plan, select different time windows, so that both meet the requirements of wind power grid, According to the characteristics of liquid flow battery energy storage and super capacitor energy storage, the combination of liquid flow battery and super capacitor is proposed. Based on the principle of low-pass filter, the power and capacity of the hybrid energy storage system are calculated, and the comparison between the hybrid energy storage system and the single energy storage system is made. It is concluded that the mixed energy storage can not only smooth the fluctuation of wind power, but also reduce the cost of energy storage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM614;TM53

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本文編號：1992809