本文選題：減速電機(jī) + 故障診斷��； 參考：《東北石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：減速電機(jī)廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,傳統(tǒng)的減速電機(jī)故障診斷方法都是使用加速度傳感器采集振動(dòng)信號(hào)進(jìn)行分析處理。將加速度傳感器固定在減速電機(jī)上進(jìn)行檢測,這種接觸式測量方法會(huì)直接影響所采集到的信號(hào)準(zhǔn)確性。若使用強(qiáng)磁鐵將加速度傳感器吸附在減速電機(jī)上進(jìn)行故障監(jiān)測,則可能會(huì)引起減速電機(jī)的偏軸故障,影響故障檢測結(jié)果。若使用粘性材料將加速度傳感器粘附在減速電機(jī)上,則會(huì)腐蝕減速電機(jī)外表面,并且所適用的頻率范圍也會(huì)變化,故障診斷結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性就會(huì)大大降低。為了解決這些問題,本文提出了一種使用激光自混合干涉技術(shù)進(jìn)行故障信息采集的方法。這種方法具有非接觸測量的優(yōu)點(diǎn),并且能夠大大提高故障信號(hào)的分辨率,對(duì)振動(dòng)異常信號(hào)特別敏感。使用激光自混合干涉技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)出的檢測平臺(tái)不僅能夠取代加速度傳感器,同時(shí)還具有體積小、成本低、使用壽命長、抗干擾能力強(qiáng)、非接觸測量等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文研究的主要內(nèi)容有以下幾個(gè)方面:首先詳細(xì)闡述了激光自混合測量振動(dòng)信號(hào)的原理,說明這一技術(shù)在采集振動(dòng)信號(hào)時(shí)的不同參數(shù)對(duì)波形的影響,并通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)不同參數(shù)的振動(dòng)信號(hào)使用激光自混合干涉技術(shù)進(jìn)行采集并分析,對(duì)自混合干涉測振理論進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。研究小波變換的原理,提出了基于小波變換的改進(jìn)閾值函數(shù)算法,有效解決硬閾值函數(shù)在閾值λ處不具備連續(xù)性及軟閾值函數(shù)的導(dǎo)數(shù)不連續(xù)問題,并且能夠更適用于對(duì)減速電機(jī)故障振動(dòng)信號(hào)的分析。研究分析減速電機(jī)各種故障類型,分析各種故障類型的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理,得到各故障類型的故障特征頻率,便于下一步的實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。設(shè)計(jì)并搭建減速電機(jī)自混合干涉實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)系統(tǒng),對(duì)減速電機(jī)各種故障進(jìn)行采集分析。使用基于小波變換的改進(jìn)閾值函數(shù)算法處理各項(xiàng)故障信號(hào)數(shù)據(jù),判斷各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)所屬故障類型,得到的結(jié)果與理論值進(jìn)行對(duì)比,最終得出使用激光自混合干涉技術(shù)對(duì)減速電機(jī)的故障診斷的有效性。
[Abstract]:Deceleration motor is widely used in industrial production. The traditional fault diagnosis method of deceleration motor is to use acceleration sensor to collect vibration signal for analysis and processing. When the acceleration sensor is fixed on the deceleration motor to detect, this contact measurement method will directly affect the accuracy of the collected signal. If a strong magnet is used to adsorb the acceleration sensor on the deceleration motor for fault monitoring, it may lead to the fault of the shaft of the deceleration motor and affect the fault detection result. If the acceleration sensor is adhered to the deceleration motor by viscous material, the external surface of the motor will be corroded, and the applicable frequency range will change, and the accuracy of the fault diagnosis result will be greatly reduced. In order to solve these problems, a method of fault information acquisition using laser self-mixing interferometry is proposed in this paper. This method has the advantages of non-contact measurement and can greatly improve the resolution of fault signals and is particularly sensitive to abnormal vibration signals. The platform designed by laser self-mixing interferometry can not only replace the acceleration sensor, but also has the advantages of small volume, low cost, long service life, strong anti-interference ability, non-contact measurement and so on. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the principle of laser self-mixing measurement of vibration signal is described in detail, and the influence of different parameters of this technique on the waveform is explained. The vibration signals with different parameters are collected and analyzed by laser self-mixing interferometry, and the theory of self-mixing interferometry is verified experimentally. In this paper, the principle of wavelet transform is studied, and an improved threshold function algorithm based on wavelet transform is proposed, which can effectively solve the problems of hard threshold function without continuity at threshold 位 and the derivative discontinuity of soft threshold function. And it can be more suitable for the analysis of fault vibration signal of deceleration motor. All kinds of fault types of deceleration motor are analyzed and the mechanism of each fault type is analyzed. The fault characteristic frequency of each fault type is obtained which is convenient for the next step of experiment verification. Design and build deceleration motor self-mixing interference experiment system to collect and analyze all kinds of faults of deceleration motor. The improved threshold function algorithm based on wavelet transform is used to deal with the fault signal data, and the results obtained are compared with the theoretical values. Finally, the effectiveness of laser self-mixing interferometry for fault diagnosis of decelerating motor is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM307

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本文編號(hào)：1967188