本文選題：微電網(wǎng) + 可再生能源��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著微電網(wǎng)技術(shù)、可再生能源發(fā)電技術(shù)、智能儲(chǔ)電技術(shù)的發(fā)展,尤其是太陽(yáng)能、風(fēng)能和生物質(zhì)能為主的可再生能源發(fā)電技術(shù)以及以蓄電池技術(shù)和超級(jí)電容技術(shù)為主的儲(chǔ)電技術(shù)的發(fā)展,針對(duì)公共供電網(wǎng)普遍存在的生活用電中白天用電峰值時(shí)負(fù)載過(guò)大,夜晚用電低谷電力被浪費(fèi)的現(xiàn)象,在深入分析國(guó)內(nèi)外微電網(wǎng)發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)及我國(guó)微電網(wǎng)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和方向的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了家庭微電網(wǎng)控制與應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)集發(fā)電模塊、儲(chǔ)能模塊、控制模塊和應(yīng)用模塊于一體。通過(guò)家庭微電網(wǎng)的電池墻進(jìn)行電網(wǎng)負(fù)載調(diào)節(jié),在用電低谷時(shí)存儲(chǔ)電能,提高電網(wǎng)使用效率,同時(shí)結(jié)合迅速發(fā)展的可再生能源發(fā)電技術(shù),收集太陽(yáng)能、風(fēng)能等間斷時(shí)間的發(fā)電,經(jīng)蓄電池、超級(jí)電容進(jìn)行存儲(chǔ),最后向以L(fǎng)ED燈為代表的節(jié)能用電設(shè)備提低壓、可調(diào)控的直流電源,尤其是超級(jí)電容可向負(fù)載瞬時(shí)提供較大電流,以滿(mǎn)足充電樁之類(lèi)的瞬間大電流需求場(chǎng)合的應(yīng)用。系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)主要包括:利用晝夜供電的峰谷特征,夜晚低價(jià)購(gòu)電并存儲(chǔ),既改善了國(guó)家電網(wǎng)24小時(shí)供電的均衡負(fù)載分布,提高電力資源的利用率,也為用戶(hù)節(jié)省了電費(fèi);利用用戶(hù)屋頂上安裝的太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電板、用戶(hù)墻體和窗戶(hù)上安裝的玻璃光伏發(fā)電板采集日照時(shí)的太陽(yáng)能并存儲(chǔ);利用新型鋰電池和超級(jí)電容作為電能的儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備做成電池墻,既節(jié)省了墻體材料和電池的放置空間,又達(dá)到儲(chǔ)能蓄電目的;利用國(guó)家大力推廣的直流、低壓、節(jié)能負(fù)載作為微電網(wǎng)的負(fù)載,便于電源的管理、監(jiān)測(cè)和使用;利用數(shù)字控制技術(shù)進(jìn)行用戶(hù)負(fù)載的電壓/電流監(jiān)測(cè)和管理,還可在微電網(wǎng)電量充余的情況下,向其他用戶(hù)輸出供電,通過(guò)用戶(hù)售電增加用戶(hù)收益來(lái)降低用戶(hù)投入成本,推動(dòng)微電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展。在硬件設(shè)計(jì)方面,系統(tǒng)選用太陽(yáng)能光伏板作為家庭微電網(wǎng)的電力來(lái)源,選用12V鋰電池與單體2.7V超級(jí)電容設(shè)計(jì)電路構(gòu)成電池墻,作為家庭微電網(wǎng)的儲(chǔ)電設(shè)備;選用Altera公司的EP4CE10E22C8N芯片作為控制系統(tǒng)的硬件,完成自動(dòng)合理連接電力來(lái)源與儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備之間關(guān)系的功能及電壓選擇輸出與電壓檔位調(diào)節(jié)功能;選用微處理芯片STC89C5A60S2作為家庭微電網(wǎng)應(yīng)用模塊控制器實(shí)現(xiàn)電壓與電流的測(cè)量。應(yīng)用WiFi技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)太陽(yáng)能光伏板與儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備以及儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備與微處理器的通信與控制,應(yīng)用光電耦合技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)控制系統(tǒng)對(duì)儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備和電力來(lái)源匹配的自動(dòng)開(kāi)關(guān)控制功能以及電壓輸出檔位的自動(dòng)開(kāi)關(guān)控制功能,應(yīng)用模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)將模擬電壓數(shù)據(jù)通過(guò)微處理器以數(shù)字電壓形式顯示的功能。在軟件設(shè)計(jì)方面,控制系統(tǒng)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)借助硬件描述語(yǔ)言verilog在A(yíng)ltera公司綜合性PLD/FPGA開(kāi)發(fā)軟件Quartus II中編程實(shí)現(xiàn),內(nèi)容包括:通過(guò)并行傳輸方式實(shí)現(xiàn)四位電源控制信號(hào)的讀取以及四位電源控制信號(hào)的控制功能;通過(guò)研究串口數(shù)據(jù)字符傳輸格式及串口傳輸速率,編程實(shí)現(xiàn)將50MHz的FPGA芯片與數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率為9600Bd/s的WiFi模塊利用串口進(jìn)行通信;通過(guò)串口傳輸方式編程實(shí)現(xiàn)輸出電壓檔位選擇與輸出電壓大小選擇功能。通過(guò)對(duì)FPGA控制模塊串口收發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)和電源控制使用專(zhuān)業(yè)EDA仿真工具M(jìn)odelSim進(jìn)行仿真,對(duì)微處理模塊模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換和電壓顯示使用Proteus進(jìn)行仿真,以及對(duì)移動(dòng)終端的功能進(jìn)行測(cè)試,驗(yàn)證各模塊達(dá)到預(yù)期設(shè)計(jì)的功能。測(cè)試表明,達(dá)到了家庭微電網(wǎng)控制與應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的預(yù)定設(shè)計(jì)要求。
[Abstract]:With the development of the micro grid technology, renewable energy generation technology and intelligent storage technology, especially the renewable energy technology based on solar energy, wind energy and biomass energy, and the development of storage and electric storage technology based on battery technology and super capacitor technology, the peak value of daytime power consumption in living electricity is common in public power supply grid. When the load is too large and the electric power is wasted at night, the family microgrid control and application system is designed on the basis of the in-depth analysis of the development of micro grid at home and abroad and the development and direction of China's micro grid. The system integrates the power generation module, energy storage module, control module and Application module. The battery wall regulates the load of the power grid, stores the electric energy in the low valley and improves the use efficiency of the power grid. At the same time, it combines the rapidly developing renewable energy generation technology, collects solar energy, wind energy and other discontinuous time power generation, stores the battery and super capacitor. Finally, the low voltage can be raised to the energy saving equipment represented by the LED lamp. The DC power supply, especially the super capacitor can provide large current to the load instantaneously to meet the application of the instant large current demand, such as charging pile. The main features of the system include: using the peak and valley characteristics of the day and night power supply, purchasing electricity at night at low price and storing it at night, improving the balanced load distribution of the 24 hour power supply of the national electrical appliance network and improving the electricity The utilization of force resources also saves the electricity fee for the users; using the solar photovoltaic power board installed on the roof of the user's roof, the glass photovoltaic power board installed on the wall and the window to collect solar energy and storage at sunshine; use the new lithium battery and supercapacitor as the energy storage equipment to make the battery wall, which saves the wall material. With the storage space of the battery, the energy storage and storage purpose is achieved. Using the DC, low voltage and energy saving loads promoted by the state as the load of the microgrid, it is easy to manage, monitor and use the power supply, and use the digital control technology to monitor and manage the voltage / current of the user load, and to other use in the case of the charge surplus of the microgrid. In the hardware design, the system selects the solar photovoltaic panels as the source of the family microgrid, and selects the 12V lithium battery and the single 2.7V supercapacitor to form the battery wall, which is used as the home microgrid. The EP4CE10E22C8N chip of Altera company is selected as the hardware of the control system. The function of the automatic and reasonable connection between the power source and the energy storage equipment and the function of voltage selection output and voltage shift are completed, and the micro processing chip STC89C5A60S2 is selected as the controller of the home microgrid Application module to measure the voltage and current. The WiFi technology is applied to realize the communication and control of solar photovoltaic board and energy storage equipment, energy storage equipment and microprocessor. The automatic switch control function of the control system to the matching of energy storage equipment and power source and the automatic switch control function of the voltage output gear are realized by the photoelectric coupling technology, and the analog digital conversion technology is applied to realize the application of the technology of analog to digital conversion. The function of analog voltage data is displayed in the form of a microprocessor in the form of a digital voltage. In software design, the software development of the control system is programmed with the Hardware Description Language Verilog in the integrated PLD/FPGA development software Quartus II of the Altera company. The content includes: reading the four bit power control signal by parallel transmission. And the control function of four power supply control signals; through the study of serial data character transmission format and serial port transmission rate, the FPGA chip of 50MHz and the WiFi module of the data transmission rate of 9600Bd/s are communicated with the serial port, and the selection of the output voltage level and the size of the output voltage are selected by the serial port transmission programming. Function. Through the simulation of the FPGA control module's serial port data and power control using the professional EDA simulation tool ModelSim, the analog digital conversion and voltage display of the micro processing module are simulated with Proteus, and the function of the mobile terminal is tested to verify the function of each module to achieve the expected design. The test shows that the family has reached the home. Predetermined design requirements for microgrid control and application systems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM727

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