本文選題：沼氣發(fā)電 + 光熱發(fā)電��； 參考：《沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類科技的進(jìn)步,用電設(shè)備被人類廣泛應(yīng)用,電力已然成為了人類在生產(chǎn)和生活過程中最重要的能源形式。從用電設(shè)備出現(xiàn)時開始,發(fā)電方式便是以火力發(fā)電為主。雖然電力的出現(xiàn)為人類文明進(jìn)步做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn),但從第二次工業(yè)革命開始至今,煤炭等礦物能源因過度開采而日漸枯竭。隨著能源危機(jī)的逼近以及生態(tài)環(huán)境的日益惡化,清潔可再生能源的開發(fā)和利用成為了人類解決能源和生態(tài)問題的最主要途徑。在這樣的背景下,以太陽能光熱發(fā)電為主以沼氣發(fā)電相輔助的混合供電模式能夠滿足當(dāng)下的能源趨勢,但是太陽能發(fā)電與沼氣發(fā)電形式迥異,若想使兩種完全不同的發(fā)電形式能夠協(xié)調(diào)工作,則必須要有一套智能控制系統(tǒng)對混合供電的過程進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)和控制,以保證混合供電系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運行。本文設(shè)計了一套沼氣與光熱互補(bǔ)供電控制系統(tǒng),借助此控制系統(tǒng)來保證沼氣與光熱混合供電過程的穩(wěn)定運行。本文首先敘述了課題的研究背景,闡述了開發(fā)清潔能源的必要性,簡述了太陽能、沼氣以及兩種能源互補(bǔ)的應(yīng)用情況,并對電源自動切換裝置的利用情況進(jìn)行了描述。說明了本文所研究內(nèi)容的實際意義。接下來又介紹了沼氣發(fā)電系統(tǒng)和光熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng),對沼氣與光熱互補(bǔ)供電系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計,并說明控制系統(tǒng)在整個供電過程中所要執(zhí)行的操作;對供電控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計,并闡明了所設(shè)計控制系統(tǒng)各個部分的作用及工作過程。本文設(shè)計的控制系統(tǒng)以STC89C52單片機(jī)為核心,硬件設(shè)計部分設(shè)計了沼氣與光熱互補(bǔ)供電控制系統(tǒng)中由晶振電路和復(fù)位電路組成的基本單片機(jī)電路,同時對信號采集模塊、自動控制模塊、手動控制模塊、顯示模塊以及報警模塊的硬件進(jìn)行設(shè)計并詳細(xì)闡述各個模塊的構(gòu)成及功能。在對各個模塊進(jìn)行設(shè)計后,將各個模塊通過protel軟件進(jìn)行整體的拼接和設(shè)計。之后,對控制系統(tǒng)整體進(jìn)行PCB板的設(shè)計,使各個模塊在PCB板上有合理的位置。最后,對PCB板進(jìn)行實體焊接。在設(shè)計軟件部分時,本文首先闡述了模塊化設(shè)計的思想,接下來對沼氣與光熱互補(bǔ)供電控制系統(tǒng)的主程進(jìn)行了設(shè)計,并闡述了在系統(tǒng)的控制過程中主程序軟件的工作流程,然后對電壓檢測算法進(jìn)行了選擇,最后對控制系統(tǒng)各個模塊的軟件及其工作流程進(jìn)行了設(shè)計。在仿真過程中,本文在模擬出沼氣與光熱供電系統(tǒng)電壓信號的前提下,通過使用Proteus軟件,對所設(shè)計的控制系統(tǒng)的自動控制部分進(jìn)行仿真,通過觀察和對比仿真結(jié)果可知自動控制部分達(dá)到設(shè)計目的。最后,本文在末尾對全文做出了總結(jié),并對沼氣與光熱互補(bǔ)供電系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展前景做出了展望,同時,對本文在設(shè)計過程中還存在的不足進(jìn)行了闡述,說明了下一步需要深入研究和設(shè)計的內(nèi)容和方向。
[Abstract]:With the progress of human science and technology, electric equipment is widely used, electric power has become the most important energy form in the process of production and life. From the emergence of electrical equipment, power generation is mainly thermal power generation. Although the emergence of electric power has made great contribution to the progress of human civilization, since the beginning of the second industrial revolution, coal and other mineral energy sources have been exhausted as a result of over-exploitation. With the approaching of the energy crisis and the worsening of the ecological environment, the development and utilization of clean and renewable energy has become the most important way to solve the energy and ecological problems. In this context, the hybrid power supply mode, which is mainly composed of solar photothermal power generation and biogas power generation, can meet the current energy trend, but solar power generation is very different from biogas power generation. If two completely different forms of power generation can work harmoniously, it is necessary to have an intelligent control system to regulate and control the process of hybrid power supply, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the hybrid power supply system. In this paper, a set of biogas and photothermal complementary power supply control system is designed, with the help of this control system to ensure the stable operation of biogas and photothermal power supply process. This paper first describes the research background of the subject, expounds the necessity of developing clean energy, briefly describes the application of solar energy, biogas and two kinds of energy complementary, and describes the utilization of the automatic switching device of power supply. The practical significance of the content of this paper is explained. Then the biogas power generation system and the photothermal power generation system are introduced. The structure of the biogas and photothermal complementary power supply system is designed, and the operation of the control system in the whole power supply process is explained, and the power supply control system is designed. The function and working process of each part of the designed control system are expounded. The control system designed in this paper is based on STC89C52 single chip microcomputer. In the hardware design part, the basic single-chip microcomputer circuit is designed, which is composed of crystal oscillator circuit and reset circuit in the biogas and photothermal complementary power supply control system. At the same time, the signal acquisition module is designed. The hardware of automatic control module, manual control module, display module and alarm module are designed and the constitution and function of each module are described in detail. After the design of each module, the whole splicing and design of each module is carried out through protel software. After that, the PCB board of the whole control system is designed so that each module has a reasonable position on the PCB board. Finally, the PCB plate is welded by solid welding. In the part of software design, this paper first describes the idea of modular design, then designs the main process of the biogas and photothermal complementary power supply control system, and describes the main program software workflow in the control process of the system. Then the voltage detection algorithm is selected. Finally, the software and workflow of each module of the control system are designed. In the simulation process, on the premise of simulating the voltage signal of biogas and photothermal power supply system, the automatic control part of the designed control system is simulated by using Proteus software. By observing and comparing the simulation results, it can be seen that the automatic control part achieves the purpose of the design. Finally, at the end of this paper, the paper summarizes the full text, and prospects for the development of biogas and photothermal complementary power supply system. At the same time, the shortcomings of this paper in the design process are described. The content and direction of further research and design are explained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM61
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本文編號：1918847