本文選題：雙饋風力發(fā)電 + 電網電壓不對稱故障　； 參考：《西安理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,為了積極應對環(huán)境與能源問題,清潔能源-風電快速發(fā)展,世界各地電力系統(tǒng)風電滲透率不斷提高。由于風電占總體發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的份額增大及其并網處易發(fā)故障等問題,這就要求風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)能夠抵御故障,維持電網的穩(wěn)定性。風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中較為頻發(fā)的故障是三相電網電壓的不對稱。雙饋發(fā)電機作為目前風力發(fā)電場中的主流機型,占據(jù)風電產業(yè)較大比重。而雙饋風電系統(tǒng)中雙向變換器的控制策略決定了風力發(fā)電機組的運行特性,但其設計是建立在電網電壓平衡的基礎上的,故障時原有的控制措施失效,致使雙饋風電系統(tǒng)從電網解列,這將導致大面積的停電,甚至造成巨大損失。因此,就需要研究如何改進雙饋風電系統(tǒng)的控制策略來提高其在電網故障時的并網運行能力。本課題以雙饋式風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)為研究對象,從其主要組成部分DFIG和背靠背式變換器的工作原理入手,建立了關于雙饋風力發(fā)電機的數(shù)學模型以及并網變換器的模型和控制方案,并在仿真平臺中搭建了其整體模型進行后面的仿真實驗。在此基礎上,對電網電壓不對稱故障進行分析,給出故障對雙饋發(fā)電系統(tǒng)定、轉子以及直流母線的影響,在MATLAB/simulink中再現(xiàn)故障電壓,通過仿真分析故障過程中各電氣量的變化規(guī)律。其次,給出電網電壓故障時故障電壓相位的檢測技術,并針對在電網電壓不對稱故障時,由于負序分量的存在,系統(tǒng)不能很好的穩(wěn)定直流母線電壓,在網側變換器采用比例諧振控制策略代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的矢量控制,給出控制算法原理以及實現(xiàn)框圖,并在仿真軟件中對其控制效果進行了仿真實驗和結果分析,驗證了比例諧振控制策略能有效抑制故障時直流母線電壓的波動,使雙饋風電系統(tǒng)順利完成故障穿越。最后,針對在電網電壓不對稱故障時,矢量控制不能很好的消除因負序分量引起的定、轉子電壓的振蕩以及過壓,在轉子側變換器采用定子磁鏈跟蹤控制策略代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的矢量控制,給出控制算法原理以及實現(xiàn)框圖,在仿真軟件中對其控制效果進行了仿真實驗和結果分析,結果驗證了定子磁鏈跟蹤控制策略應用在雙饋風電系統(tǒng)的轉子側變換器中可以抑制無功、有功功率脈動,減小定轉子過流和轉子過壓,實現(xiàn)故障穿越。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in order to deal with the environmental and energy problems, clean energy-wind power rapid development, the world's power system wind power permeability is increasing. Due to the increase of the share of wind power in the total power generation system and the vulnerability to faults in the power grid, it is required that the wind power system be able to resist the failures and maintain the stability of the power grid. The more frequent faults in wind power system are the asymmetry of three-phase grid voltage. As the main type of wind farm, doubly-fed generator occupies a large proportion of wind power industry. The control strategy of the bi-directional converter in the doubly-fed wind power system determines the operating characteristics of the wind turbine, but its design is based on the voltage balance of the power network, and the original control measures are invalid when the fault occurs. As a result, the doubly-fed wind power system is decomposed from the power grid, which will result in a large area of power outages and even great losses. Therefore, it is necessary to study how to improve the control strategy of doubly-fed wind power system in order to improve its grid-connected operation ability in the event of power grid failure. Based on the working principle of DFIG and back-to-back converter, the mathematical model of doubly-fed wind power generator and the model and control scheme of grid-connected converter are established. The whole model is built in the simulation platform to carry out the simulation experiment. On this basis, the voltage asymmetry fault of the power network is analyzed, and the influence of the fault on the stator, rotor and DC busbar of the doubly-fed generation system is given. The fault voltage is reproduced in MATLAB/simulink, and the variation law of the electrical quantities in the fault process is analyzed by simulation. Secondly, the detection technology of fault voltage phase is given, and the system can not stabilize DC bus voltage well because of the existence of negative sequence component in the voltage asymmetry fault. In the grid-side converter, the proportional resonance control strategy is used to replace the traditional vector control. The control algorithm principle and the implementation block diagram are given. The simulation experiment and the result analysis of the control effect are carried out in the simulation software. It is verified that the proportional resonance control strategy can effectively suppress the fluctuation of DC bus voltage and make the double-fed wind power system complete the fault traversing successfully. Finally, the vector control can not eliminate the oscillation and overvoltage caused by the negative sequence component in the voltage asymmetry fault. The stator flux tracking control strategy is used to replace the traditional vector control in the rotor side converter. The principle of the control algorithm and the implementation block diagram are given. The simulation experiment and the result analysis of the control effect are carried out in the simulation software. The results show that the stator flux tracking control strategy used in rotor side converter of doubly-fed wind power system can suppress reactive power, active power pulsation, reduce stator and rotor overcurrent and rotor overvoltage, and realize fault crossing.
【學位授予單位】：西安理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM614

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