本文選題：電容中分型APF + 無諧波檢測策略��； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國低壓三相四線制供電系統(tǒng)中,由各類非線性和不對稱負載引起的諧波以及中性線電流問題日益突出。三相四線制有源電力濾波器(APF)作為一種能有效改善電網諧波和不平衡電流問題的裝置備受關注。本文以三橋臂電容中分型APF為研究對象,對基于無諧波電流檢測的模型預測電流跟蹤控制策略展開研究。首先,為簡化控制系統(tǒng)和降低成本,以綜合補償諧波與無功電流為目標,研究了一種基于無諧波檢測的APF電網電流直接控制策略。通過分析APF交、直流側的能量傳遞過程,指出直流側電壓控制輸出可作為無諧波檢測方案中的指令電流。推演分析傳統(tǒng)APF諧波檢測環(huán)節(jié)的等效形式,并由此討論檢測誤差影響,證明在綜合補償目標下可省去諧波檢測環(huán)節(jié),再通過進一步簡化推出電網電流直接控制策略。經過總結,分別從四個方面對比分析有、無諧波檢測環(huán)節(jié)的兩種APF控制策略。其次,因有限控制集模型預測控制(FCS-MPC)簡單易行、響應快速,將其應用于電容中分型APF的電流跟蹤控制策略中。建立三維坐標系下的系統(tǒng)數(shù)學模型,分析三相電流耦合消除和不平衡電流抑制原理。先后推導出以補償電流、電網電流為控制對象的兩種預測模型,并建立相應的單目標與多目標控制下的評價函數(shù),對比分析兩種模型下的控制流程。推導模型預測控制下由控制延時與電感失配系數(shù)決定的系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性條件。采用雙環(huán)PI控制以保證直流側電容電壓的穩(wěn)定和均衡,并設計控制器參數(shù)。再次,針對常規(guī)模型預測控制方法存在的采樣頻率高、開關頻率不固定等問題,給出了一種適用于所研究APF結構的定頻模型預測控制方法。該方法結合SVPWM實現(xiàn)原理,通過空間劃分和電網電壓矢量定位,確定每個控制周期輸出所需的基本電壓矢量組合,并根據預測模型計算出各矢量的作用時間,經過脈沖調制,最終可實現(xiàn)開關頻率的基本固定,獲得更好的補償性能。對定頻控制下的系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)流程和電流跟蹤控制過程進行分析,總結其與常規(guī)模型預測控制方法之間的區(qū)別。最后,設計了APF系統(tǒng)主要仿真參數(shù),并對所研究電流控制策略進行仿真分析。仿真結果表明,在綜合補償時,直流側電壓控制能自動補償有功檢測誤差,驗證了無諧波檢測方案的可行性;并且在模型預測控制下電流動態(tài)響應迅速,與有諧波檢測時相比,無諧波檢測策略下系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)補償效果更好。通過仿真分析采樣頻率、多目標權值系數(shù)、控制延時以及電感失配系數(shù)對系統(tǒng)補償性能的影響,為控制性能的進一步優(yōu)化提供了參考依據。此外,仿真結果顯示直流側穩(wěn)壓和均壓控制性能良好,驗證了雙環(huán)PI控制的有效性。通過與常規(guī)模型預測控制的仿真對比,表明定頻模型預測控制下系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)響應速度相當,但穩(wěn)態(tài)補償精度更高,且受參數(shù)變化影響較小。
[Abstract]:In China's low voltage three-phase four-wire power supply system, harmonic and neutral line current problems caused by various nonlinear and asymmetric loads are becoming increasingly prominent. The three-phase four-wire active power filter (APF) has attracted much attention as a device that can effectively improve the harmonic and unbalanced current problems of power network. In this paper, the model predictive current tracking control strategy based on harmonic free current detection is studied based on the three-leg capacitor parting APF. Firstly, in order to simplify the control system and reduce the cost, a direct control strategy for APF power network based on harmonic detection is studied, aiming at synthetically compensating harmonic and reactive current. By analyzing the energy transfer process of the APF AC and DC side, it is pointed out that the DC side voltage control output can be used as the instruction current in the harmonic free detection scheme. By deducing and analyzing the equivalent form of traditional APF harmonic detection link and discussing the influence of detection error, it is proved that harmonic detection can be eliminated under the comprehensive compensation target, and then the direct control strategy of power network current is put forward through further simplification. After summing up, two kinds of APF control strategies without harmonic detection are compared and analyzed from four aspects. Secondly, because the FCS-MPC (finite Control set Model Predictive Control) is simple and fast, it is applied to the current-tracking control strategy of classified APF in capacitors. The mathematical model of the system in three dimensional coordinate system is established, and the principle of three-phase current coupling elimination and unbalanced current suppression is analyzed. Two predictive models with compensation current and power network current as the control object are derived successively, and the corresponding evaluation functions under single-objective and multi-objective control are established, and the control flow under the two models is compared and analyzed. The stability conditions of the system determined by the control delay and the inductance mismatch coefficient under the model predictive control are derived. Double loop Pi control is used to ensure the stability and equalization of DC capacitor voltage, and the controller parameters are designed. Thirdly, aiming at the problems of high sampling frequency and unstable switching frequency in the conventional model predictive control method, a fixed frequency model predictive control method suitable for the studied APF structure is presented. Combined with the principle of SVPWM, the basic voltage vector combination for each control period output is determined by space division and grid voltage vector location. The working time of each vector is calculated according to the prediction model, and the pulse modulation is carried out. Finally, the switching frequency can be basically fixed and better compensation performance can be obtained. The system implementation flow and current tracking control process under constant frequency control are analyzed, and the differences between them and conventional model predictive control methods are summarized. Finally, the main simulation parameters of APF system are designed, and the current control strategy is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the DC side voltage control can automatically compensate for the active power detection error and verify the feasibility of the harmonic detection scheme, and the dynamic response of the current under the model predictive control is fast, compared with the harmonic detection, the simulation results show that the DC side voltage control can automatically compensate for the active power detection error, and verify the feasibility of the harmonic detection scheme. The steady-state compensation effect of the system is better under the strategy of harmonic detection. The effects of sampling frequency, multi-objective weight coefficient, control delay and inductor mismatch coefficient on the compensation performance of the system are analyzed by simulation, which provides a reference for the further optimization of the control performance. In addition, the simulation results show that the DC side voltage stabilization and voltage sharing control performance is good, which verifies the effectiveness of double loop Pi control. The simulation results show that the dynamic response speed of the system is equal to that of the conventional model predictive control, but the steady-state compensation accuracy is higher, and it is less affected by the change of parameters.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM761

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