本文選題：干式空心電抗器　切入點：空間磁場　出處：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：干式空心電抗器(Dry-type Air-core Reactors,DAR)憑借電抗值線性、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、重量輕、安裝維護方便等優(yōu)點,在電網(wǎng)無功補償、濾波和限流等場合得到廣泛應用。自DAR投入運行以來,出現(xiàn)了多起燒毀事故,大量分析結(jié)果表明,多數(shù)電抗器燒毀事故是由匝間短路故障引起的。為了減少DAR匝間短路故障問題,除提高電抗器制造水平外,還必須配有有效的匝間短路故障檢測手段。但是,現(xiàn)有的匝間短路故障檢測方法都存在靈敏度低或者可靠性差等缺陷。因此,針對電抗器匝間短路故障問題,探究一種靈敏度高、可靠性好的匝間短路故障檢測方法有著重要意義。為了研究有效的DAR匝間短路故障檢測方法,本文基于電抗器空間磁場分布規(guī)律開展了一系列的研究,主要內(nèi)容有:研究DAR空間磁場計算方法,總結(jié)分析DAR空間磁場分布與匝間短路故障之間的關(guān)系,提出構(gòu)建磁場變化量與故障程度或位置的擬合函數(shù)以得到DAR匝間短路故障的檢測方法。探究DAR空間磁場計算方法對研究電抗器故障磁場變化規(guī)律具有重要意義。本文給出了 DAR空間磁場的定義,據(jù)此分析了 DAR的電氣特性與等效電路,并根據(jù)基爾霍夫定律和麥克斯韋方程組建立了 DAR等效模型。研究出一種基于有限元計算電抗器線圈電感和空間磁場分布的方法,并對電抗器線圈電感和空間磁場分別進行有限元仿真,解析計算法對有限元仿真結(jié)果的驗證證明了所建電抗器模型的準確性與所用有限元計算法的可行性。為進一步探索DAR匝間短路故障磁場分布規(guī)律,以電壓等級為35kV的并聯(lián)DAR為例,在故障模型的各不同位置設定不同程度的匝間短路故障,通過比較電抗器在不同故障下沿軸向中心軸(Axial Traverse in Center,ATC)和徑向中心軸(Lateral Traverse in Center,LTC)兩個方向的空間磁場分布,得出匝間短路故障對電抗器空間磁場的影響規(guī)律。本文基于DAR空間磁場變化規(guī)律提出一種匝間短路故障檢測方法。將觀測點磁場變化量和故障程度或位置作為擬合變量,分別建立了故障程度以及故障位置與觀測點磁場變化量之間的故障檢測函數(shù)。利用磁場變化量判斷故障的方法來驗證故障檢測函數(shù)的應用效果,結(jié)果顯示計算故障與實際故障誤差在可接受范圍內(nèi),證明故障檢測函數(shù)具有很好的檢測效果。
[Abstract]:Dry-type Air-core ReactorsDAR) has been widely used in reactive power compensation, filtering and current limiting since DAR was put into operation, because of its advantages of linear reactance, simple structure, light weight and convenient installation and maintenance. In order to reduce the problem of inter-turn short circuit in DAR, a large number of analysis results show that most reactor burnout accidents are caused by inter-turn short circuit fault, except to improve the manufacturing level of reactor. It must also be equipped with effective inter-turn short-circuit fault detection methods. However, the existing inter-turn short-circuit fault detection methods have some shortcomings, such as low sensitivity or poor reliability. Therefore, aiming at the problem of inter-turn short-circuit fault of reactor, It is of great significance to explore a method for detecting inter-turn short circuit fault with high sensitivity and good reliability. In order to study an effective method for detecting inter-turn short circuit fault of DAR, a series of studies are carried out based on the distribution of space magnetic field of reactor. The main contents are as follows: the calculation method of DAR space magnetic field is studied, and the relationship between DAR spatial magnetic field distribution and inter-turn short circuit fault is summarized and analyzed. A fitting function between magnetic field variation and fault degree or position is proposed to detect the inter-turn short circuit fault of DAR. It is of great significance to explore the calculation method of DAR space magnetic field for studying the variation rule of fault magnetic field of reactor. In this paper, the definition of DAR space magnetic field is given. Based on this, the electrical characteristics and equivalent circuit of DAR are analyzed. Based on Kirchhoff's law and Maxwell's equations, the equivalent model of DAR is established. A method of calculating inductance and space magnetic field distribution of reactor coil based on finite element method is developed. The inductance and space magnetic field of reactor coil are simulated by finite element method. The accuracy of the reactor model and the feasibility of the finite element method are verified by the analytical calculation method. In order to further explore the magnetic field distribution law of DAR inter-turn short-circuit fault, Taking the parallel DAR with a voltage grade of 35 kV as an example, different degrees of inter-turn short circuit faults are set at different locations of the fault model. By comparing the magnetic field distribution of the reactor along the axial axis Traverse in the ATC and the radial central axis lateral Traverse in the LTCs under different faults, the magnetic field distribution of the reactor is compared. The influence of inter-turn short circuit fault on the space magnetic field of reactor is obtained. Based on the variation rule of DAR space magnetic field, a detection method of inter-turn short circuit fault is proposed. The variation of magnetic field and the degree or position of fault at observation point are taken as fitting variables. The fault detection function between the fault location and the magnetic field variation of the observation point is established, and the application effect of the fault detection function is verified by the method of judging the fault by the variation of the magnetic field. The results show that the error between the calculation and the actual fault is within the acceptable range, and it is proved that the fault detection function has a good detection effect.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM47

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