本文選題：微電網(wǎng)　切入點(diǎn)：混合儲能　出處：《湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著風(fēng)能、太陽能等分布式電源及其構(gòu)成的微電網(wǎng)的廣泛應(yīng)用,分布式發(fā)電的間歇性、隨機(jī)性的特點(diǎn)和負(fù)荷的波動(dòng)等對微電網(wǎng)的電能質(zhì)量和穩(wěn)定性造成的影響越來越大。利用儲能裝置可以在一定程度上起到抑制功率波動(dòng)的作用,但是單一的儲能裝置難以較好地同時(shí)滿足功率與能量兩方面的要求。利用超級電容與蓄電池組成的混合儲能系統(tǒng)能較好實(shí)現(xiàn)微電網(wǎng)功率平衡,電能質(zhì)量的改善,從而提高供電可靠性。本文以光伏微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)為研究對象,考慮蓄電池與超級電容的互補(bǔ)特性,對其微電網(wǎng)能量管理策略展開研究。首先,分析了光伏微電網(wǎng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),建議光伏發(fā)電單元的等效模型。分析了光伏電池的特性,對光伏電池單元采用最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤(MPPT)控制,以實(shí)現(xiàn)最大功率與變功率輸出。分析了蓄電池和超級電容的工作特性及輸出特性,分別建立等效模型。接著重點(diǎn)分析了混合儲能元件變換器的設(shè)計(jì),討論了了雙向DC/DC變換器的結(jié)構(gòu)和原理,并設(shè)計(jì)的變換器的參數(shù)。為后面蓄電池和超級電容的功率分配的研究和控制做好理論準(zhǔn)備。其次,討論了混合儲能中兩種儲能元件的幾種連接方式,分析其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),確定混合儲能采用有源式接法。分析比較了各種混合儲能功率分配法,濾波法是采用低通濾波器對波動(dòng)功率進(jìn)行分頻控制,本文提出了基于荷電狀態(tài),不依賴于頻率的的功率分配法。接著提出基于變換器的雙極式變流器結(jié)構(gòu),蓄電池和超級電容采用不同的控制策略,分別控制系統(tǒng)功率的輸入輸出和直流母線電壓。最后通過仿真驗(yàn)證所提功率分配方法的有效性和優(yōu)越性。最后,提出了一種基于功率平衡和儲能元件荷電狀態(tài)(SOC)的能量管理策略。本文采用蓄電池和超級電容的構(gòu)成的混合儲能系統(tǒng)(HESS),通過分析含混合儲能的微電網(wǎng)孤島運(yùn)行能量供求平衡的機(jī)理,并基于蓄電池和超級電容的荷電狀態(tài),根據(jù)提出的功率管理算法,提出了一種微電網(wǎng)孤島運(yùn)行時(shí)的能量管理策略對混合儲能單元和光伏電源進(jìn)行能量管理,以維持微電網(wǎng)孤島運(yùn)行時(shí)的能量和功率平衡,保證電能質(zhì)量和負(fù)荷需求,并優(yōu)化蓄電池充放電,延長其使用壽命。通過Matlab/Simulink對所提出的能量管理策略進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證,仿真結(jié)果表明本文所提出的能量管理策略在各種運(yùn)行狀態(tài)下,均能通過各變換器有效的控制能量流動(dòng),同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)在個(gè)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的平滑切換。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of distributed power sources, such as wind and solar energy, and the microgrid, the intermittent nature of distributed power generation, The randomness and load fluctuation have more and more influence on the power quality and stability of microgrid. The energy storage device can restrain the power fluctuation to a certain extent. However, a single energy storage device can not meet the requirements of both power and energy at the same time. The hybrid energy storage system composed of super capacitor and battery can achieve the power balance and improve the power quality of the microgrid. In order to improve the reliability of power supply, this paper takes the photovoltaic microgrid system as the research object, considers the complementary characteristics of battery and super capacitor, and studies the energy management strategy of its microgrid. Firstly, the topology structure of photovoltaic microgrid is analyzed. The equivalent model of photovoltaic unit is proposed. The characteristics of photovoltaic cell are analyzed, and the maximum power point tracking MPPT control is used for photovoltaic cell unit. In order to realize the maximum power and variable power output, the operating characteristics and output characteristics of battery and super capacitor are analyzed, and the equivalent models are established respectively. Then, the design of hybrid energy storage element converter is analyzed. The structure and principle of the bidirectional DC/DC converter are discussed, and the parameters of the converter are designed. This paper discusses several connection modes of two kinds of energy storage elements in hybrid energy storage, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, determines that the hybrid energy storage adopts active connection method, and analyzes and compares various mixed energy storage power distribution methods. In this paper, a power allocation method based on charge state and independent of frequency is proposed, and then a converter based bipolar converter structure is proposed. The battery and super capacitor adopt different control strategies to control the power input and output of the system and DC bus voltage respectively. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed power allocation method are verified by simulation. Finally, This paper presents an energy management strategy based on power balance and the charge state of energy storage elements (SOC). In this paper, a hybrid energy storage system composed of batteries and super capacitors is used to analyze the isolated island operation energy of microgrid with mixed energy storage. The mechanism of balance between supply and demand, Based on the charging state of storage battery and super capacitor and according to the proposed power management algorithm, an energy management strategy for hybrid energy storage unit and photovoltaic power supply is proposed. In order to maintain the energy and power balance, ensure the power quality and load demand, optimize battery charge and discharge and prolong its service life, the proposed energy management strategy is simulated by Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results show that the proposed energy management strategy can effectively control the energy flow through the converters in various operating states, and the smooth switching of the system in each running state can be realized at the same time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM727;TM53;TM912

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