發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-05 05:34

  本文選題：天然氣　切入點(diǎn)：壓能發(fā)電　出處：《重慶科技學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在國(guó)際油氣價(jià)格持續(xù)低迷的形勢(shì)下,如何降本增效是石油行業(yè)企業(yè)面臨的一個(gè)難題。目前國(guó)內(nèi)在天然氣開采過程中,井口天然氣自身攜帶的巨大壓能沒能被利用,如果能把這部分清潔能量回收利用對(duì)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)降本增效有著重要的意義。針對(duì)以上情況,本文在分析天然氣生產(chǎn)工藝的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種將天然氣壓能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能進(jìn)行發(fā)電的方案;應(yīng)用天然氣膨脹降壓做功理論從理論對(duì)天然氣壓能做功進(jìn)行了分析;在此基礎(chǔ)上試制了天然氣余壓發(fā)電試驗(yàn)樣機(jī)以壓縮空氣為工作介質(zhì)進(jìn)行了室內(nèi)壓能發(fā)電試驗(yàn);試驗(yàn)中該裝置能夠發(fā)出有效電流,驗(yàn)證了天然氣余壓發(fā)電技術(shù)的理論可行性。在室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,將天然氣余壓發(fā)電試驗(yàn)樣機(jī)應(yīng)用于梁平作業(yè)區(qū)天東87井和川東北氣礦鐵山北101-X2井進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)。經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的試驗(yàn)運(yùn)行,裝置運(yùn)行狀態(tài)平穩(wěn),能夠發(fā)出穩(wěn)定的電能,驗(yàn)證了余壓發(fā)電技術(shù)工程應(yīng)用的可行性�，F(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)暴露出該裝置的一些問題,如實(shí)際發(fā)電量偏小、密封不完善等問題。針對(duì)第一次現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)中反映出的問題,結(jié)合晏家站天然氣工況,使用計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)(Computational Fluid Dynamic CFD)技術(shù)對(duì)噴嘴和壓力驅(qū)動(dòng)葉輪進(jìn)行了選型;設(shè)計(jì)和試制了磁力聯(lián)軸器替代傳統(tǒng)的聯(lián)軸器結(jié)構(gòu),將原來需要?jiǎng)用芊獾男D(zhuǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)通過隔離罩轉(zhuǎn)變成靜密封結(jié)構(gòu),從根本上解決了天然氣的泄漏問題;結(jié)合第一次試驗(yàn)樣機(jī)相關(guān)部件,初步完成了天然氣余壓發(fā)電裝置結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),試制了天然氣余壓發(fā)電裝置試驗(yàn)樣機(jī),在晏家天然氣站進(jìn)行了第二次現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)。晏家站現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,裝置運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定,密封結(jié)構(gòu)良好,天然氣余壓發(fā)電裝置發(fā)電效率約為60%,發(fā)出的電能能夠滿足部分現(xiàn)場(chǎng)生活使用。充分說明天然氣余壓發(fā)電設(shè)備對(duì)回收井口天然氣壓能、對(duì)企業(yè)降本增效有著重要的意義,該裝置具有廣闊的市場(chǎng)推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In a situation where international oil and gas prices continue to be low, how to reduce the cost and increase efficiency is a difficult problem for oil industry enterprises. At present, in the process of natural gas production in China, the huge pressure energy carried by the wellhead natural gas itself has not been used. If we can recycle this part of clean energy, it is of great significance for the production enterprises to reduce the cost and increase efficiency. In view of the above situation, this paper analyzes the natural gas production process, A scheme of converting natural gas pressure energy into mechanical energy for power generation is put forward, and the natural gas pressure energy work is analyzed from the theory of natural gas expansion and pressure reduction. On the basis of this, the test prototype of natural gas residual pressure power generation has been developed, in which the compressed air is used as the working medium for the indoor pressurized power generation test, and the device can emit an effective current in the test. The theoretical feasibility of natural gas residual pressure power generation technology is verified. The test prototype of natural gas residual pressure power generation is applied to the field test of Tiandong 87 well in Liangping operation area and Tieshan 101-X2 well in northeast Sichuan gas mine. After a long period of test operation, the operation state of the device is stable and stable electric energy can be emitted. The feasibility of the engineering application of residual pressure power generation technology is verified. Some problems of the device are exposed in the field test, such as small actual power generation, imperfect seal, etc. In view of the problems reflected in the first field test, Combined with the natural gas condition of Yanjia station, the nozzle and pressure-driven impeller were selected by using Computational fluid Dynamics (CFD) technology, and the magnetic coupling was designed and manufactured to replace the traditional coupling structure. The rotating structure that needs dynamic seal is changed into static seal structure by isolating cover, and the leakage problem of natural gas is solved fundamentally. Combined with the related parts of the first test prototype, the structure design of natural gas residual pressure generating device is preliminarily completed. The test prototype of the natural gas residual pressure generating unit was produced and the second field test was carried out at the Yanjia natural gas station. The results of the field test at the Yanjia station showed that the device operated stably and the sealing structure was good. The generation efficiency of the natural gas residual pressure generating unit is about 60, and the electric energy emitted can meet the needs of part of the field life. It fully shows that the natural gas residual pressure generating equipment is of great significance for recovering the natural gas pressure energy at the wellhead and reducing the cost and increasing efficiency of the enterprise. The device has broad market application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM619

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本文編號(hào)：1568989