發(fā)布時間：2018-02-25 16:14

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 新能源 垂直軸風力機 偏轉(zhuǎn)式發(fā)電機 流體動力學 控制方法　出處：《河北科技大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：風能是一種清潔、可再生能源,是未來新能源發(fā)展的重要組成部分。在風力機將風能轉(zhuǎn)換為機械能的過程中,風輪是主要的部件,并分為水平軸風力機和垂直軸風力機。垂直軸風力機具有啟動轉(zhuǎn)速低,不受風向限制,運行范圍寬等優(yōu)點,因此受到各國廣泛關(guān)注。本文主要研究一種新型垂直軸風力發(fā)電機,風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)主要包括三個部分:垂直軸風力機、兩自由度永磁同步發(fā)電機和控制部分。風能經(jīng)風輪轉(zhuǎn)換為機械能,進而傳送給發(fā)電機,最后通過與控制部分相結(jié)合進行風力發(fā)電。具體工作內(nèi)容歸納如下:1)本文提出一種新型垂直軸風力機系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),采用ANSYS WORKBENCH流體力學分析軟件建立風力機的三維模型,計算風力機在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下產(chǎn)生的機械轉(zhuǎn)矩。通過改變參數(shù),包括風輪的結(jié)構(gòu),兩側(cè)風輪互錯的角度和風速方向,重新仿真計算出轉(zhuǎn)矩系數(shù)和風能利用系數(shù)等結(jié)果,與本文模型結(jié)果相比較,體現(xiàn)了新型垂直軸風力機的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)勢,最后建立風輪數(shù)學模型;2)發(fā)電機使用專門設(shè)計的偏轉(zhuǎn)式永磁同步發(fā)電機,可以通過控制使其進入電動狀態(tài)運行,實現(xiàn)兩自由度旋轉(zhuǎn)。發(fā)電機具有分布式繞組和集中式繞組,分別用于實現(xiàn)發(fā)電和電動狀態(tài)。采用ANSOFT MAXWELL電磁場分析軟件建立兩自由度發(fā)電機的三維模型,并對發(fā)電機在發(fā)電狀態(tài)下的電流、電壓等輸出特性進行了分析;3)分析風機實現(xiàn)最大功率跟蹤的幾種方法,結(jié)合本文風力機的特點,最終采用最佳尖速比控制法與矢量控制相結(jié)合,建立風機控制系統(tǒng)模型;4)在MATLAB/SIMULINK軟件下,搭建了風速模型、風輪模型和永磁同步發(fā)電機模型,使用上述模型,建立風力發(fā)電機系統(tǒng)的仿真模型,對風機系統(tǒng)進行發(fā)電特性仿真分析。
[Abstract]:Wind energy is a kind of clean, renewable energy and an important part of the development of new energy in the future. In the process of converting wind energy into mechanical energy, wind turbine is the main component. The vertical axis wind turbine has the advantages of low starting speed, no restriction of wind direction, wide range of operation and so on, so it has attracted wide attention in many countries. In this paper, a new type of vertical axis wind turbine is studied. Wind power system consists of three parts: vertical axis wind turbine, two degree of freedom permanent magnet synchronous generator and control part. Wind energy is converted into mechanical energy by wind turbine and then transmitted to generator. Finally, wind power generation is carried out by combining with the control part. The specific work is summarized as follows: 1) this paper presents a new vertical axis wind turbine system structure, and uses ANSYS WORKBENCH hydrodynamic analysis software to establish the three-dimensional model of the wind turbine. By changing the parameters, including the structure of the wind turbine, the angle between the two sides of the wind turbine and the direction of the wind speed, the results of the torque coefficient and the wind energy utilization coefficient are re-simulated. Compared with the results of the model in this paper, it reflects the structural advantages of the new vertical axis wind turbine. Finally, the wind turbine mathematical model is established. The generator uses a specially designed permanent magnet synchronous generator, which can be operated in an electric state by control. The generator has distributed windings and centralized windings, which are used to realize the power generation and electric state, respectively. The three-dimensional model of the two-degree-of-freedom generator is established by using ANSOFT MAXWELL electromagnetic field analysis software. This paper also analyzes the output characteristics of generator in the state of generation, such as current and voltage, and analyzes several methods of realizing the maximum power tracking of the fan, combining the characteristics of the wind turbine in this paper. Finally, the optimal tip speed ratio control method and vector control method are used to establish the fan control system model. Under the MATLAB/SIMULINK software, wind speed model, wind turbine model and permanent magnet synchronous generator model are built, and the above models are used. The simulation model of wind turbine system is established, and the generation characteristics of fan system are simulated and analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：河北科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM315

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本文編號：1534226