本文關鍵詞： 廣域后備保護 故障線路識別 差動有功功率 分區(qū)加權 故障匹配　出處：《西南交通大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：電力系統(tǒng)規(guī)模的日益擴大,電網(wǎng)互聯(lián)性的增強,傳統(tǒng)后備保護在保護的整定、配合等方面存在很多困難,由于只使用本地測量信息,無法隨著電力系統(tǒng)的變化發(fā)揮出最好的效果。而隨著廣域量測技術的推廣應用,利用廣域范圍內(nèi)的信息準確識別故障,保證電網(wǎng)的安全,這不失為一種很好的途徑,再加上廣域后備保護整定較簡單,且不需要時間的配合,因此受到越來越多專家學者的關注。本文先對廣域后備保護系統(tǒng)的結構做了簡介,概述了現(xiàn)有廣域后備保護算法的原理。對已有算法在受電容電流、負荷電流、過渡電阻影響表現(xiàn)不佳的情況及在傳統(tǒng)保護啟動信號出錯位數(shù)較多時算法的容錯性問題,進行了分析。本文研究了一種基于差動有功功率的廣域后備保護算法,采用間隔母線布點策略在全網(wǎng)安裝有限個PMU,將大電網(wǎng)劃分為若干個保護區(qū)域,計算各區(qū)域的正序差動有功功率,與閾值比較從而判別故障區(qū)域。在故障區(qū)域內(nèi),先由各推算電壓幅值的大小識別故障線路,當各推算電壓的幅值很接近時,計算故障區(qū)域內(nèi)每條線路的差動有功功率,并分析了故障線路與正常線路差動有功功率的差異,從而構造判據(jù)進行故障線路識別。在IEEE39節(jié)點測試系統(tǒng)中的多組仿真實驗驗證了本算法在各種類型故障時都能判別故障線路,不受線路分布電容、負荷的影響,且在過渡電阻達到300Ω時仍能準確識別故障線路。本文研究了一種基于分區(qū)加權匹配的廣域后備保護算法。將線路按照傳統(tǒng)保護的整定范圍模糊的劃分為5個區(qū)段,利用幾類傳統(tǒng)保護的廣域冗余信息,構造了線路的實際保護向量與各區(qū)段故障期望保護向量,定義了分區(qū)加權故障匹配函數(shù),給出了廣域后備保護算法的故障判據(jù)與流程。采用窮舉法進行仿真實驗,仿真結果表明,本文算法能夠在5位保護信息出錯情況下保證故障檢測的100%正確率,通過仿真分析了廣域保護元件的選擇及其權重系數(shù)、電網(wǎng)拓撲結構及其變化等因素對本算法容錯性的影響。
[Abstract]:With the increasing scale of power system and the enhancement of interconnection of power network, there are many difficulties in setting and matching of protection for traditional backup protection, because only local measurement information is used. With the popularization and application of wide area measurement technology, the wide area information can be used to identify the fault accurately to ensure the security of the power network. This is a good way, plus wide area backup protection setting is relatively simple, and do not need time to cooperate. Therefore, more and more experts and scholars pay attention to it. Firstly, the structure of wide area backup protection system is introduced, and the principle of existing wide area backup protection algorithm is summarized. The effect of transition resistance on the poor performance and the fault tolerance of the traditional protection start signal with a large number of error bits are analyzed. A wide area backup protection algorithm based on differential active power is studied in this paper. A limited number of PMUs are installed in the whole network by using the spacer bus placement strategy. The large power grid is divided into several protection areas, and the positive sequence differential active power power is calculated in each region. In the fault area, fault lines are identified by the magnitude of the calculated voltage amplitude, when the amplitudes of the calculated voltages are very close. The differential active power of each line in the fault area is calculated, and the difference of the differential active power between the fault line and the normal line is analyzed. In order to construct a criterion for fault line identification, a number of simulation experiments in the IEEE39 node test system show that the algorithm can identify the fault lines without the line distributed capacitance in all kinds of faults. The impact of load. And the fault line can be accurately identified when the transition resistance reaches 300 惟. In this paper, a wide area backup protection algorithm based on zonal weighted matching is studied. The line is divided into 5 fuzzy parts according to the tuning range of traditional protection. Section. Using several kinds of wide-area redundant information of traditional protection, the actual protection vector and the expected fault protection vector of each section are constructed, and the partition weighted fault matching function is defined. The fault criterion and flow chart of wide area backup protection algorithm are given, and the simulation results show that the exhaustive method is used in the simulation experiment. This algorithm can guarantee the 100% correct rate of fault detection in the case of 5-bit protection information error. The selection of wide-area protection elements and their weight coefficients are analyzed by simulation. The influence of network topology and its variation on the fault tolerance of this algorithm.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM77

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