本文關鍵詞：振蕩浮子波浪能發(fā)電裝置主浮體及系泊系統(tǒng)動力特性研究　出處：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 波浪能發(fā)電 AQWA 運動特性 系泊系統(tǒng) 頻域分析 時域分析

【摘要】：隨著全球資源的不斷利用,化石能源儲藏量的逐步減少,刺激了新能源科技的不斷開發(fā)。海洋能(特別是波浪能等)的開發(fā)和利用由于環(huán)境的污染加重開始成一個熱門話題,各種各樣的波浪能發(fā)電裝置模型開始逐漸被制作并投入試驗。不同原理和結構的波能轉換裝置不斷涌現(xiàn),專利更是數(shù)以千計。本文研究對象為山東大學研制的120kw波浪能發(fā)電裝置,其結構可分為三部分:浮子,相當于裝置"動子"隨波浪運動捕獲波浪能,運動頻譜和波浪頻率越接近越好;主浮體,相當于裝置"定子",承載波浪發(fā)電裝置發(fā)電系統(tǒng),要避開波浪頻率越穩(wěn)定越好;系泊系統(tǒng)對波浪能發(fā)電裝置系泊和定位,在極端海況下保證波浪能發(fā)電裝置安全運行。文章針對波浪能發(fā)電裝置主浮體穩(wěn)定性和系泊系統(tǒng)在極端海況下的有效性進行動力特性和運動性能進行分析。首先,針對當今波浪發(fā)電裝置的發(fā)電原理、類別等進行了系統(tǒng)介紹,并對當下比較具有代表性的幾種波浪發(fā)電裝置進行詳細描述。針對海洋中浮體的定位和安全,對海洋結構物及波浪能發(fā)電裝置系泊系統(tǒng)進行介紹,并列出波浪發(fā)電裝置和其他海洋平臺差異。對海洋結構物水動力分析理論進行介紹,包括基本方程、邊界條件和水動力系數(shù)的求解等。其次,在不影響主浮體結構完整性的前提下,對其三維模型進行部分結構的簡化以加快仿真效率并減少出錯。模型導入AQWA中各進行時域分析以獲取主浮體的水動力參數(shù),對其不同波頻和浪向對其水動力參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律進行總結,同時也為下文中的時域分析和計算提供數(shù)據(jù)基礎。然后,利用已獲取的水動力參數(shù)參照海試地點實際海況在AQWA中編寫DECK對主浮體及系泊系統(tǒng)在不同海況下進行時域分析。探索作業(yè)海況下系泊系統(tǒng)的存在和錨鏈參數(shù)的改變對波浪發(fā)電裝置運動特性的影響。并在極端海況下,研究不同錨鏈直徑、系泊點坐標及系泊方案對主浮體運動特性的影響規(guī)律,優(yōu)化原有方案。通過對系泊參數(shù)分析表明,錨鏈直徑越大,系泊半徑越大,主浮體垂蕩的幅度越小。系泊半徑對縱蕩影響規(guī)律不明顯,但是錨鏈直徑越大,縱搖幅度越大。采用四條錨鏈并不能更好的提高系泊系統(tǒng)性能。對優(yōu)化后的方案進行極端海況下的仿真模擬,得到系泊纜的張力、躺鏈長度變化等,驗證優(yōu)化方案的可行性。最終,在時域分析中模擬系泊系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)一條錨鏈破損后對主浮體的影響。仿真模擬顯示優(yōu)化方案可以使主浮體更好的運行,并且當系泊系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)部分損壞后依然可以保證裝置的正常運行。最后,對波浪能發(fā)電裝置主浮體結構進行頻域和時域分析,研究不同重心位置、不同垂蕩板形狀和開孔方案對主浮體動力特性和運動性能的影響。研究表明,浮體垂蕩受重心位置在豎直方向的上下移動影響微小而主浮體縱搖運動的固有周期對不同的重心位置比較敏感。垂蕩板形狀尺寸會影響主浮體垂蕩和縱搖RAO峰值而不影響固有周期。垂蕩板開孔后垂蕩固有周期略微減小和垂蕩RAO峰值根據(jù)開孔方式不同變化不一,會增加縱搖幅度。垂蕩板開設阻尼孔可以提高主浮體的水動力性能,減弱主浮體垂蕩,改變主浮體固有周期。
[Abstract]:With the continuous use of global resources, fossil energy reserves gradually reduced, to stimulate the development of new energy technology. Ocean energy (especially wave energy) development and utilization due to environmental pollution aggravated began to become a popular topic, a variety of wave energy generation device model has been started and put into production test. The principle and structure of the wave energy conversion device patents continue to emerge, it is in the thousands. The study object of this article is developed by Shandong University 120kw wave power device, the structure can be divided into three parts: float, the equivalent of "dynamic" device with wave motion capture wave energy spectrum and wave frequency motion, the closer the better; the main floating body, the equivalent of "stator" power device, wave power system load, to avoid the wave frequency is more stable and better; generator mooring and positioning of mooring system in extreme sea waves. Under the condition of ensuring the safe operation of wave power generation device. According to the wave energy effectively in the extreme sea conditions of the main floating body power generation device stability and performance of mooring system dynamic characteristics and motion analysis. Firstly, according to the generation principle of the wave power generation device, and other categories are introduced, and on the comparison with several waves the representative of the power generation device is described in detail. According to the location in the ocean floating body and safety of offshore structures and wave power generation device of mooring system are introduced, and a list of wave power generation device and other ocean platform differences. For the introduction of water dynamic analysis theory of marine structures, including the basic equations, boundary conditions and water the power coefficient is. Secondly, in the premise of not affecting the integrity of the main structure of the floating body, the 3D model is simplified structure to speed up the efficiency of simulation And to reduce the error. The hydrodynamic parameters in the AQWA model into the time domain analysis to obtain the main floating body, the different wave frequency and wave to the influence of the hydrodynamic parameters are summarized, and also provide basis for data analysis and time domain below. Then, according to the actual sea conditions in the sea test location AQWA DECK in the preparation of the main floating body and mooring system in time domain is analyzed in different sea conditions. The hydrodynamic parameters have been obtained to explore the influence of mooring system operation conditions and anchor parameters on the motion characteristics of the wave power device. And in the extreme sea conditions, study the different effects of mooring chain diameter, coordinates and the mooring scheme on body movement characteristics of the main float, the optimization of the original scheme. Based on the parameters of mooring analysis shows that the cable diameter is larger, the greater the radius of the mooring, the main floating body heave magnitude smaller radius of mooring. The surge influence is not obvious, but the chain the larger diameter, pitch is greater. The performance improvement of four anchor mooring system and can not be better. Simulation under extreme sea conditions to get the optimized scheme, mooring line tension, lying chain length changes, check feasibility of optimization scheme finally, in the analysis of time domain simulation of mooring system influence on the main floating body of a damaged cable. The simulation shows that the optimization scheme can make the main floating body work better, and when the normal operation of the mooring system some damage can still guarantee device. Finally, the wave energy in frequency domain and time domain analysis of the main floating power generation device structure, study the different position of the center of gravity, effect of Heave Plate Shape and hole scheme on the main floating body dynamic characteristics and motion performance. The study shows that the floating body heave by the position of the center of gravity in the vertical direction The moving of tiny natural period of the main effect of floating body pitching motion on the different position of the center of gravity is sensitive. Heave Plate will affect the shape and size of the main floating body heave and pitch RAO peak without affecting the natural period. Heave plate hole and the heave natural cycle decreases slightly and heave RAO the peak value according to the opening mode of different changes in different, will increase the amplitude of swing. Heave Plate setting damping hole can improve the hydrodynamic performance of the main floating body, weaken the main floating body heave, change the main floating body natural period.

【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM612

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