地震作用下非規(guī)則多跨連續(xù)梁橋橫向碰撞效應(yīng)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-08 18:10
【摘要】：在工程實踐中,進(jìn)行橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)地震反應(yīng)分析時通常忽略擋塊的影響。近年來學(xué)界逐漸關(guān)注橋梁橫向碰撞問題,但現(xiàn)有研究所針對的結(jié)構(gòu)形式都較為簡單,而且對擋塊特性的考慮也不完善,與擋塊力學(xué)性能的研究間仍缺乏較好的銜接與結(jié)合。為了探究地震作用下非規(guī)則多跨連續(xù)梁橋的橫向碰撞效應(yīng),對結(jié)構(gòu)地震反應(yīng)做出更切實的預(yù)測與判斷,提高該類橋梁的防震減災(zāi)能力,本文進(jìn)行了以下逐步深入的研究工作:(1)建立了考慮支座非線性與樁-土相互作用的橋梁橫向碰撞分析模型,研究了橫向碰撞特征及其對結(jié)構(gòu)地震反應(yīng)的影響,并對主要影響因素進(jìn)行了參數(shù)分析。結(jié)構(gòu)表明:橫向碰撞限制梁體位移,但產(chǎn)生的碰撞力增大了橋墩內(nèi)力與各墩受力分布的不均勻性;增大接觸剛度可提高限位能力,但過大的接觸剛度會使橋墩受力過大;初始間隙較小時,導(dǎo)致的碰撞力與墩底彎矩較大。(2)提出了綜合考慮混凝土擋塊性能以及梁體與擋塊碰撞效應(yīng)的模擬分析方法,考察了混凝土擋塊特性對結(jié)構(gòu)地震反應(yīng)的影響,分析了主要性能參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明:擋塊強(qiáng)度對混凝土擋塊抗震性能有重要影響,擋塊強(qiáng)度越大,梁墩相對位移越小,但過大的擋塊強(qiáng)度也會導(dǎo)致極大的橋墩內(nèi)力;提高擋塊變形能力可有效減小碰撞力與擋塊損傷;初始間隙過小時限位效果并不理想。(3)建構(gòu)了鋼擋塊力學(xué)性能模擬與分析模型,在橋梁橫向碰撞效應(yīng)分析中探究了鋼擋塊特性對結(jié)構(gòu)地震反應(yīng)的影響,并對其主要性能參數(shù)進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明:鋼擋塊的抗震性能主要受屈服強(qiáng)度的影響,增大屈服強(qiáng)度可有效提高限位能力,但過大的屈服強(qiáng)度也會極大地增加橋墩受力;彈性剛度的影響類似,但程度遠(yuǎn)不及屈服強(qiáng)度;初始間隙過小并不利于預(yù)定限位目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)。(4)比較了不同類型擋塊的作用效果,對其抗震性能進(jìn)行了評價。結(jié)果表明:不考慮普通擋塊的屈服或破壞,會高估其限位能力與橋墩受力;強(qiáng)度是擋塊限位與傳力機(jī)制的關(guān)鍵,取值過大,即如理想彈性擋塊,限位佳而使橋墩受力大,取值過小,則擋塊損害嚴(yán)重,限位作用難以發(fā)揮;鋼擋塊比混凝土擋塊的限位能力更優(yōu)。(5)采用在擋塊前加設(shè)橡膠墊片的減碰措施,給出了各類型擋塊前加設(shè)橡膠墊片后的力學(xué)分析模型,探討了橡膠墊片在不同類型擋塊上的減碰效果以及其主要設(shè)計參數(shù)的影響。結(jié)果表明:理想彈性擋塊應(yīng)當(dāng)加設(shè)橡膠墊片,能夠顯著減小碰撞力與橋墩受力;混凝土擋塊宜加設(shè)橡膠墊片,能進(jìn)一步減小梁墩相對位移與碰撞力,減輕擋塊損傷;鋼擋塊可加設(shè)橡膠墊片以提高限位能力;可適當(dāng)增加橡膠墊片厚度,但不宜塞滿初始間隙。
[Abstract]:In engineering practice, the influence of block is usually neglected in seismic response analysis of bridge structure. In recent years, scholars have paid more and more attention to the transverse impact of bridges, but the structural forms of the existing research are relatively simple, and the consideration of block characteristics is not perfect, and there is still a lack of good connection and integration between the research on the mechanical properties of the block and the research on the mechanical properties of the block. In order to investigate the transverse collision effect of irregular multi-span continuous beam bridges under earthquake action, the earthquake response of structures is predicted and judged more effectively, and the ability of earthquake prevention and mitigation is improved. In this paper, the following research works are carried out: (1) the transverse collision analysis model of bridge considering the nonlinear bearing and pile-soil interaction is established, and the characteristics of transverse collision and its influence on the seismic response of the structure are studied. The main influencing factors are analyzed. The structure shows that the transverse impact limits the beam displacement, but the impact force increases the inhomogeneity between the internal force of the pier and the force distribution of the pier, and increases the contact stiffness to increase the limit capacity, but the excessive contact stiffness will cause the pier to bear too much force. When the initial gap is small, the impact force and the bending moment at the bottom of the pier are larger. (2) A simulation analysis method considering the concrete blocking performance and the collision effect between beam and block is proposed. The influence of block retaining characteristics of concrete on the seismic response of structures is investigated and the influence law of main performance parameters is analyzed. The results show that block strength has an important effect on the seismic performance of concrete retaining block. The larger the block strength, the smaller the relative displacement of beam pier, but too large block strength will also lead to great internal force of bridge pier. The collision force and block damage can be effectively reduced by improving the deformation ability of the block. The limited effect of initial clearance is not ideal. (3) the simulation and analysis model of mechanical properties of steel retaining block is constructed, and the influence of steel block characteristics on structural seismic response is explored in the analysis of transverse impact effect of bridge. The main performance parameters are analyzed. The results show that the seismic behavior of steel block is mainly affected by yield strength. Increasing yield strength can effectively improve the limit capacity, but too much yield strength will greatly increase the force of pier. The effect of elastic stiffness is similar, but the degree is far less than yield strength, and the small initial clearance is not conducive to the realization of predetermined limit target. (4) the effect of different types of block is compared and its seismic performance is evaluated. The results show that the limit capacity and pier force will be overestimated without considering the yield or failure of common block. The strength is the key of the blocking block limit and force transfer mechanism, the value is too large, that is, if the ideal elastic block, the limit is good to make the bridge pier force large, too small, the block damage is serious, the limit function is difficult to play; The limit capacity of steel block is better than that of concrete block. (5) the mechanical analysis model of rubber gasket in front of each type of block is given by means of anti-collision measure of adding rubber gasket in front of retaining block. The impact reduction effect of rubber gasket on different types of block and the influence of its main design parameters are discussed. The results show that the ideal elastic block should be equipped with rubber gasket, which can significantly reduce the impact force and the force of the bridge pier, and the concrete block should be equipped with rubber gasket, which can further reduce the relative displacement and impact force of the beam pier and reduce the damage of the block. Rubber gasket can be added to the steel block to improve the limit capacity, and the thickness of rubber gasket can be increased appropriately, but the initial clearance should not be filled.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U442.55
本文編號：2368782
[Abstract]:In engineering practice, the influence of block is usually neglected in seismic response analysis of bridge structure. In recent years, scholars have paid more and more attention to the transverse impact of bridges, but the structural forms of the existing research are relatively simple, and the consideration of block characteristics is not perfect, and there is still a lack of good connection and integration between the research on the mechanical properties of the block and the research on the mechanical properties of the block. In order to investigate the transverse collision effect of irregular multi-span continuous beam bridges under earthquake action, the earthquake response of structures is predicted and judged more effectively, and the ability of earthquake prevention and mitigation is improved. In this paper, the following research works are carried out: (1) the transverse collision analysis model of bridge considering the nonlinear bearing and pile-soil interaction is established, and the characteristics of transverse collision and its influence on the seismic response of the structure are studied. The main influencing factors are analyzed. The structure shows that the transverse impact limits the beam displacement, but the impact force increases the inhomogeneity between the internal force of the pier and the force distribution of the pier, and increases the contact stiffness to increase the limit capacity, but the excessive contact stiffness will cause the pier to bear too much force. When the initial gap is small, the impact force and the bending moment at the bottom of the pier are larger. (2) A simulation analysis method considering the concrete blocking performance and the collision effect between beam and block is proposed. The influence of block retaining characteristics of concrete on the seismic response of structures is investigated and the influence law of main performance parameters is analyzed. The results show that block strength has an important effect on the seismic performance of concrete retaining block. The larger the block strength, the smaller the relative displacement of beam pier, but too large block strength will also lead to great internal force of bridge pier. The collision force and block damage can be effectively reduced by improving the deformation ability of the block. The limited effect of initial clearance is not ideal. (3) the simulation and analysis model of mechanical properties of steel retaining block is constructed, and the influence of steel block characteristics on structural seismic response is explored in the analysis of transverse impact effect of bridge. The main performance parameters are analyzed. The results show that the seismic behavior of steel block is mainly affected by yield strength. Increasing yield strength can effectively improve the limit capacity, but too much yield strength will greatly increase the force of pier. The effect of elastic stiffness is similar, but the degree is far less than yield strength, and the small initial clearance is not conducive to the realization of predetermined limit target. (4) the effect of different types of block is compared and its seismic performance is evaluated. The results show that the limit capacity and pier force will be overestimated without considering the yield or failure of common block. The strength is the key of the blocking block limit and force transfer mechanism, the value is too large, that is, if the ideal elastic block, the limit is good to make the bridge pier force large, too small, the block damage is serious, the limit function is difficult to play; The limit capacity of steel block is better than that of concrete block. (5) the mechanical analysis model of rubber gasket in front of each type of block is given by means of anti-collision measure of adding rubber gasket in front of retaining block. The impact reduction effect of rubber gasket on different types of block and the influence of its main design parameters are discussed. The results show that the ideal elastic block should be equipped with rubber gasket, which can significantly reduce the impact force and the force of the bridge pier, and the concrete block should be equipped with rubber gasket, which can further reduce the relative displacement and impact force of the beam pier and reduce the damage of the block. Rubber gasket can be added to the steel block to improve the limit capacity, and the thickness of rubber gasket can be increased appropriately, but the initial clearance should not be filled.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U442.55
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